Prime Medicine Inc.

04/23/2026 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 04/23/2026 06:35

Proxy Statement (Form DEF 14A)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )
Filed by the Registrant
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Filed by a Party other than the Registrant
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Check the appropriate box:
☐ Preliminary Proxy Statement
☐ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
☒ Definitive Proxy Statement
☐ Definitive Additional Materials
☐ Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12
PRIME MEDICINE, INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check all boxes that apply):
☒ No fee required.
☐ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
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Fee computed on table below in exhibit required by Item 25(b) Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(14) and 0-11.
PRIME MEDICINE, INC.
60 First Street
Cambridge, MA 02141
NOTICE OF 2026 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held On June 5, 2026
We are pleased to notify you that we will hold the 2026 annual meeting of our stockholders, or the Annual Meeting, on June 5, 2026, at 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, in a virtual meeting format, which will be conducted via live webcast. You may attend the Annual Meeting online, vote your shares electronically and submit questions by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PRME2026.
The Annual Meeting will be held for the following purposes:
1.To elect Michael Kelly and David Schenkein, M.D. as Class I Directors, each to serve until the 2029 annual meeting of our stockholders, and until his respective successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal;
2.To ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026; and
3.To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any continuations, adjournments, and postponements thereof.
Our Board of Directors has established the close of business on April 9, 2026 as the "record date" for the Annual Meeting. This means that you are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting or any continuations, adjournments, and postponements thereof if our stock records show that you owned our common stock at that time.
Under the Securities and Exchange Commission rules that allow companies to furnish their proxy materials to stockholders over the Internet under the "notice and access" approach, we have elected to make our proxy materials available to our stockholders over the Internet. As a result, we are mailing to our stockholders a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, or the Notice, instead of a paper copy of the accompanying proxy statement for the Annual Meeting and our annual report to our stockholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, or the 2025 Annual Report. This method allows us to provide our stockholders with the information they need on a more timely basis, while at the same time conserving natural resources and lowering the costs of printing and delivering our proxy materials. On or about April 23, 2026, we will commence sending to our stockholders the Notice, containing instructions on how to access our proxy statement for the Annual Meeting and our 2025 Annual Report online. The Notice also provides instructions on how to vote online or vote by phone and includes instructions on how to receive a paper copy of the proxy materials by mail if desired.
Whether you plan to attend the Annual Meeting or not, it is important that your shares be represented. You may vote over the Internet, via telephone or by mail. You are urged to vote in accordance with the instructions set forth in this proxy statement. We encourage you to vote by proxy so that your shares will be represented and voted at the Annual Meeting, whether or not you can attend. You will need the 16-digit control number included with the Notice, on your proxy card or the instructions that accompany your proxy materials to attend the Annual Meeting virtually via the Internet. Submitting your vote via the Internet or by telephone or proxy card will not affect your right to vote online during the Annual Meeting.
Thank you for your continued support of Prime Medicine, Inc.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ Allan Reine
Allan Reine
Chief Executive Officer and Director
April 23, 2026
Cambridge, Massachusetts
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Proxy Statement for 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
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Important Information About the Annual Meeting and Voting
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Corporate Governance
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Proposal 1 - Election of Directors
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Executive Officers
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Executive Compensation
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Report of the Audit Committee
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Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions
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Proposal 2 - Ratification of the Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
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General Matters
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PRIME MEDICINE, INC.
60 First Street
Cambridge, MA 02141
PROXY STATEMENT FOR 2026 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held on June 5, 2026
The Board of Directors of Prime Medicine, Inc., or the Board, is soliciting proxies from stockholders for its use at the 2026 annual meeting of our stockholders, or the Annual Meeting, and at any continuation, postponement, or adjournment of that meeting. The Annual Meeting is scheduled to be held on June 5, 2026, at 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, in a virtual meeting format, which will be conducted via live webcast at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PRME2026.
In this proxy statement, "we," "our," "us," the "Company," and "Prime" refer to Prime Medicine, Inc. and, where appropriate, our subsidiary.
On or about April 23, 2026, we will commence sending the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, or the Notice, to all stockholders of record entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting.
IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE 2026 ANNUAL STOCKHOLDER MEETING TO BE HELD ON JUNE 5, 2026
This proxy statement, the accompanying proxy card and our annual report to stockholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, which includes our audited financial statements, are available for viewing, printing and downloading at www.proxyvote.com. To view these materials, please have your 16-digit control number(s) available that appears on your Notice or proxy card. On this website, you can also elect to receive distributions of our proxy statements and annual reports to stockholders for future annual meetings by electronic delivery. For specific instructions on making such an election, please refer to the instructions on your proxy card or voting instruction form.
Additionally, you can find a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, or our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov, or in the "SEC Filings" tab of the "Investors" section of our website at www.primemedicine.com. You may also obtain a printed copy of our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our financial statements, except for the exhibits, free of charge, from us by following the instructions included on the Notice or by sending a written request to: Prime Medicine, Inc., 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, Attention: Secretary. We do not incorporate the information contained on, or accessible through, our corporate website into this proxy statement, and you should not consider it a part of this proxy statement. We have included our website in this proxy statement solely as an inactive textual reference.
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INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING
Purposes of the Meeting
The purposes of the Annual Meeting are:
1.To elect Michael Kelly and David Schenkein, M.D. as Class I Directors, each to serve until the 2029 annual meeting of our stockholders, and until his respective successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal;
2.To ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026; and
3.To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any continuations, adjournments, and postponements thereof.
Stockholders Entitled to Vote at the Meeting
Our Board has established the close of business on April 9, 2026 as the "record date" for the Annual Meeting. This means that you are entitled to notice of, and to vote, at the Annual Meeting (and any continuations, adjournments and postponements thereof) if our records show that you owned our common stock at that time. As of the record date, 180,615,889 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding. Each issued and outstanding share of common stock as of the record date is entitled to one vote on each matter properly to come before the Annual Meeting and can be voted only if the record owner of that share, determined as of the record date, votes during the live webcast of the meeting or is represented by proxy. A list of stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available for stockholder inspection at the headquarters of the Company, 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, during ordinary business hours, for a period of 10 days prior to the Annual Meeting. Such list will also be available for examination by our stockholders during the Annual Meeting by logging into www.proxyvote.com and entering your 16-digit control number.
Voting Shares That You Hold in Your Name
If you are a stockholder of record and your shares are registered directly in your name, you may vote:
•BY INTERNET (before the Annual Meeting) - www.proxyvote.com. Use the Internet to transmit your voting instructions until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time, on June 4, 2026. Have the Notice or your proxy card in hand when you access the website. Follow the steps outlined on the secured website.
•BY MAIL - If you requested and received a proxy card by mail, mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope we will provide. Votes submitted by mail must be received by June 4, 2026.
•BY PHONE - Use a touch tone phone by calling 1-800-690-6903 (toll-free from the U.S., U.S. territories and Canada) to transmit your voting instructions up until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time, on June 4, 2026. Have the Notice or your proxy card in hand when you access the phone number. Follow the steps outlined on the phone line.
•DURING THE VIRTUAL MEETING - See "Attending the Annual Meeting," below.
If the Annual Meeting is adjourned or postponed, the deadlines above may be extended.
Virtual Meeting
The Annual Meeting will be a virtual meeting, which will be conducted via live webcast.
To participate in the Annual Meeting virtually via the Internet, please visit www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PRME2026. You will need the 16-digit control number included on your Notice, your proxy card or the instructions that accompanied your proxy materials.
If you are a beneficial owner of shares held in "street name" by your bank, brokerage firm or other nominee, you should have received a voting instruction form provided by your bank, brokerage firm or other nominee rather than
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from us. If you do not have your 16-digit control number and attend the meeting online, you will be able to listen to the meeting only - you will not be able to vote or submit questions during the meeting.
Attending the Annual Meeting
The Annual Meeting will be held entirely online at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PRME2026. A summary of the information you need to attend the Annual Meeting online is provided below:
•Instructions on how to attend and participate via the Internet, including how to demonstrate proof of common stock ownership, are posted at www.proxyvote.com.
•Please have your 16-digit control number to enter the Annual Meeting.
•Stockholders may submit questions while attending the Annual Meeting via the Internet. For instructions on how to do so, see below.
•The meeting webcast will begin promptly at 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time, on June 5, 2026.
•We encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time. Online check-in will begin at 1:45 p.m. Eastern Time, and you should allow ample time for the check-in procedures.
Webcast replay of the Annual Meeting will be available 24 hours after the meeting has concluded for a period of one year.
Submitting Questions at the Annual Meeting
During the Annual Meeting, if you have your 16-digit control number and wish to ask a question, you may do so by clicking the Q&A button on the virtual meeting platform and entering your question in the field provided in the web portal at or before the time the matters are before the Annual Meeting for consideration. During the formal portion of the meeting, all questions presented should relate directly to the proposal under discussion, which will be answered before the voting is closed. To allow us to answer questions from as many stockholders as possible, we will limit each stockholder to two questions. Questions from multiple stockholders on the same topic or that are otherwise related to a particular topic may be grouped, summarized and answered together. If questions submitted are irrelevant to the business of the Annual Meeting or are out of order or not otherwise suitable for the conduct of the Annual Meeting as determined in our reasonable judgment, we may choose not to address them. If there are any matters of individual concern to a stockholder and not of general concern to all stockholders, or if a question posed was not otherwise answered, such matters may be raised separately after the Annual Meeting.
Our Annual Meeting will be governed by the Annual Meeting's Rules of Conduct, which will address the ability of stockholders to ask questions during the meeting and include rules for how questions will be recognized and addressed. Please review the Annual Meeting's Rules of Conduct for further details. The Annual Meeting's Rules of Conduct are available at www.proxyvote.com and will be available during the Annual Meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PRME2026.
Technical Assistance for the Virtual Meeting
We encourage stockholders to log into the virtual Annual Meeting at least 15 minutes prior to the start of the Annual Meeting to test their Internet connectivity. If you encounter any technical difficulties with the virtual meeting platform on the day of the Annual Meeting, please call the basic call center support number on the login screen. Technical support will be available starting at 1:45 p.m., Eastern Time on June 5, 2026 and will remain available until thirty (30) minutes after the meeting has finished.
Voting Shares That You Hold in Brokerage or Similar Accounts
Many stockholders hold their shares through a broker, bank or other nominee rather than directly in their own name. If you hold your shares in one of these ways, you are considered a beneficial owner of shares held in "street name," not a record owner, and you therefore have no direct vote on any matter to come before the Annual Meeting. Your broker, bank or nominee will send you voting instructions for you to use in directing the broker, bank or nominee in how to vote your shares. Your broker, bank or nominee may allow you to deliver your voting instructions via the
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telephone or the Internet. Therefore, we urge you to carefully review and follow the voting instruction form and any other materials that you receive from that organization. If you hold your shares in multiple accounts, you should vote your shares as described in each set of proxy materials you receive.
A "broker non-vote" occurs when a broker, bank or other nominee holding shares for a beneficial owner does not vote the shares on a proposal because the broker, bank or other nominee does not have discretionary voting power for a particular item and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner regarding voting. Brokers, banks or other nominees who hold shares for the accounts of their clients have discretionary authority to vote shares if specific instructions are not given with respect to routine matters.
Although the determination of whether a broker, bank or other nominee will have discretionary voting power for a particular item is typically determined only after proxy materials are filed with the SEC, we expect that the election of each nominee for director (Proposal 1) will be a non-routine matter and that the proposal on ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal 2) will be a routine matter. Accordingly, if you hold your shares through a broker, bank or other nominee and you do not timely provide your broker, bank or other nominee with specific instructions on how to vote your shares, your broker, bank or other nominee will not be authorized to cast a vote on your behalf on Proposal 1 (election of each nominee for director) but will be authorized to cast a vote on your behalf, in its discretion, on Proposal 2 (ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP). In such cases, a "broker non-vote" may be entered with respect to your shares on Proposal 1 to reflect that your broker was present with respect to your shares at the meeting but was not exercising voting rights on your behalf with respect to those shares. Broker non-votes will have no effect on the outcome of each proposal. Brokers, banks and other nominees generally have discretionary authority to vote on the ratification of the appointment of an independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal 2); thus, we do not expect any broker non-votes on this matter.
Your Voting Options on Each of the Proposals
To be elected, each of the directors nominated in Proposal 1 must receive a plurality of the votes properly cast on the election of directors, meaning that the two director nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes properly cast will be elected as directors. You may vote "for" all the director nominees, "withhold" authority to vote your shares for all the director nominees or "withhold" authority to vote your shares with respect to any one or more of the director nominees. Withholding authority to vote your shares with respect to one or more director nominees will have no effect on the election of those nominees. Broker non-votes are not considered votes cast and will have no effect on the election of the directors.
Ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes properly cast on Proposal 2. You may vote "for," "against" or "abstain" with respect to the ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on this proposal.
If any other matter is presented at the Annual Meeting, your proxy provides that your shares will be voted by the proxy holder named in the proxy card in accordance with his or her best judgment. At the time this proxy statement was first made available, we knew of no matters that needed to be acted on at the Annual Meeting, other than those discussed in this proxy statement.
Our Board's Voting Recommendations
Our Board recommends that you vote:
•"FOR" the election of Michael Kelly and David Schenkein, M.D. as Class I Directors (Proposal 1); and
•"FOR" the ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 (Proposal 2).
If any other matter is properly brought before the Annual Meeting, the Company - through the individuals named in the Company's proxy card and acting as the "proxy holder," or his or her designee, and pursuant to the blanket
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authorization granted under the proxy - will vote your shares on that matter in accordance with the discretion and judgment of the proxy holder.
Required Votes to Approve Each Proposal
As a stockholder, you are entitled to cast one vote per share for each of the two nominees for election as directors at the Annual Meeting, but you may not cumulate your votes (in other words, you may not cast votes representing two times the number of your shares entitled to vote in favor of a single nominee). A plurality of the votes properly cast for election of a director will result in election. "Abstentions" and "broker non-votes" will not be counted as votes cast on the proposal and will have no effect on the election of directors.
A majority of the votes properly cast at the Annual Meeting will approve: (i) the proposal to ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026; and (ii) the transaction of any other business properly brought before the Annual Meeting.
Please note, however, that because the vote on the ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is advisory in nature, the results of such vote will not be binding upon our Board or its committees.
Quorum
Our second amended and restated bylaws, or the Bylaws, provide that the presence, in person or by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy, of holders of at least a majority in voting power of the total number of outstanding shares entitled to vote is necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting. Shares present virtually during the Annual Meeting will be considered shares of common stock represented in person at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting.
Voting on Possible Other Matters
We do not know of any other matters that may be presented for action at the Annual Meeting. Should any other business come before the Annual Meeting, the persons named on the Company's proxy card will have discretionary authority to vote the shares represented by such proxies. If you hold shares through a broker, bank or other nominee as described above, they will not be able to vote your shares on any other business that comes before the Annual Meeting unless they receive instructions from you with respect to such matter.
Revocation of Proxies or Voting Instructions
A stockholder of record who has delivered a proxy card in response to this solicitation may revoke it before it is exercised at the Annual Meeting by executing and delivering a timely and valid later-dated proxy, by a timely and valid later Internet or telephone vote, by voting during the Annual Meeting or by giving written notice revoking the proxy or submitting another duly executed proxy card bearing a later date to our Secretary. Any written notice of revocation or subsequent proxy card must be received by our Secretary prior to the taking of the vote at the Annual Meeting. Such written notice of revocation or subsequent proxy card should be hand delivered to our Corporate Secretary or sent to our principal executive offices at Prime Medicine, Inc., 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, Attention: Corporate Secretary. Attendance at the Annual Meeting online will not have the effect of revoking a proxy unless a stockholder gives proper written notice of revocation to our Secretary before the proxy is exercised or the stockholder votes at the Annual Meeting. Beneficial owners who have directed their broker, bank or nominee as to how to vote their shares should contact their broker, bank or nominee for instructions as to how they may revoke or change those voting directions.
Solicitation of Proxies
Our Board is making this solicitation of proxies for our Annual Meeting. We will bear all costs of such solicitation, including the cost of preparing and distributing this proxy statement and the enclosed form of proxy and including the cost of hosting the virtual Annual Meeting. After the initial distribution of this proxy statement, proxies may be solicited by mail, telephone or personally by directors, officers, employees or agents of the Company. Brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries will be requested to forward soliciting materials to beneficial
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owners of shares held by them for the accounts of beneficial owners, and we will pay their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.
Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company
We are an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies, including the compensation disclosures required of a "smaller reporting company," as that term is defined in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, including:
•reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements; and
•not being required to conduct votes seeking approval, on an advisory basis, of the compensation of our named executive officers, or NEOs, or the frequency with which such votes must be conducted, or to obtain stockholder approval of any golden parachute arrangements not previously approved.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of our initial public offering, or our IPO, in October 2022; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC. We have taken advantage of reduced reporting requirements in this proxy statement. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different from the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock.
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Board Composition and Structure
Our nominating and corporate governance committee's and our Board's priority in selecting board members is identification of persons who will further the interests of our stockholders through their established record of professional accomplishment, the ability to contribute positively to the collaborative culture among board members, knowledge of our business, understanding of the competitive landscape, professional and personal experiences and expertise relevant to our growth strategy. Our directors hold office until their successors have been duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, or the Certificate of Incorporation, and Bylaws also provide that our directors may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast in an annual election of directors, and that any vacancy on our Board, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of our Board, may be filled only by vote of a majority of our directors then in office.
In accordance with the terms of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, our Board is divided into three staggered classes of directors and each director is assigned to one of the three classes. At each annual meeting of the stockholders, one class of directors is elected for a three-year term to succeed the directors of the same class whose terms are then expiring. The terms of the directors expire upon the election and qualification of successor directors at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held during the years 2026 for Class I directors, 2027 for Class II directors, and 2028 for Class III directors. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide that the number of our directors shall be fixed from time to time by a resolution of the majority of our Board.
Board Leadership Structure
In May 2025, Jeffrey D. Marrazzo, who has served as a director since May 2023, was appointed as the Executive Chair of our Board in connection with Dr. Reine's appointment as our Chief Executive Officer. Our Board believes that separating these positions allows our Chief Executive Officer to focus on the day-to-day management of the Company's operations, while enabling the Executive Chair to lead the Board in its fundamental role of providing advice to and independent oversight of management and strategic execution, including by facilitating communication, serving as a liaison and supporting execution of Board-approved initiatives, which helps ensure that critical business issues are properly brought before our Board and enhances our Board's ability to develop and implement business strategies. Our Board recognizes the time, effort, and energy that the Chief Executive Officer is required to devote to that position in the current business environment, as well as the commitment required to serve as our Executive Chair, particularly as the Board's oversight responsibilities continue to grow. Our Board believes that having separate positions is the appropriate leadership structure for us at this time and demonstrates our commitment to good corporate governance. The independent members of our Board have reviewed our Board's leadership structure and have determined that the Company and our stockholders are well served with this structure. Our Board recognizes there could be circumstances in the future that would lead it to combine the positions of Executive Chair of our Board and Chief Executive Officer based on the then-current circumstances.
Director Nomination Process
In considering whether to recommend any particular candidate for inclusion in our Board's slate of recommended director nominees, our nominating and corporate governance committee takes into account the current size and composition of the Board and the needs of the Board and its committees, in addition to character, integrity, judgment, unique experience and perspective, independence, unique skills, education, expertise, business acumen, business experience, length of service, understanding of the Company's business and industry, conflicts of interest and other commitments. However, the committee does not assign any particular weight or priority to any one factor.
The biography for each of the director nominees included herein indicates each nominee's experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that led our nominating and corporate governance committee and our Board to conclude each such director should continue to serve as a director of our Company. Our nominating and corporate governance committee and our Board believe that each of the nominees has the individual attributes and characteristics required of each of our directors, and the nominees as a group possess the skill sets and specific experience desired of our Board as a whole.
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Our Bylaws establish advance notice procedures with regard to stockholder proposals relating to the nomination of candidates for election as directors or new business to be brought before meetings of our stockholders. These procedures provide that notice of stockholder proposals must be timely given in writing to our corporate secretary prior to the meeting at which the action is to be taken. Generally, to be timely, notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary date of the annual meeting for the preceding year. Our Bylaws specify the requirements as to form and content of all stockholders' notices.
Director Composition
Our Board currently consists of eight (8) members. Below is a list of the names, ages as of April 23, 2026 and classification of the individuals who currently serve as our directors.
Director Age Position
Michael Kelly 69 Director (Class I)
David Schenkein, M.D. 68 Director (Class I)
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D. 57 Director (Class II)
Kaye Foster 66 Director (Class II)
Jeffrey D. Marrazzo
47 Director (Class II)
Allan Reine, M.D. 51 Director (Class II)
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D. 39 Director (Class III)
Robert Nelsen 62 Director (Class III)
Nominees for Election as Class I Directors
Michael A. Kelly has served as a member of our Board since November 2021. Mr. Kelly is currently acting as Founder & President of Sentry Hill Partners, LLC, a global life sciences transformation and management consulting business founded by Mr. Kelly in January 2018. From February 2003 to December 2017, he was a senior executive of Amgen, Inc., a biotechnology company, where he most recently served as Senior Vice President, Global Business Services and Vice President & Chief Financial Officer, International Commercial Operations. He also serves on the boards of directors of: Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., a biotechnology company, which he joined in December 2020; DMC Global Inc., a composite materials and oil field products company, which he joined in July 2020; NeoGenomics Laboratories, Inc., a genetics testing company, which he joined in July 2020, and nChroma Bio, Inc., a biotechnology company, which he joined in December 2024. Mr. Kelly previously served on the boards of directors of Aprea Therapeutics, Inc., a biotechnology company, from September 2020 to May 2022, Hookipa Pharma Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, from February 2019 to April 2023, and Chroma Medicine (which merged with Nvelop Therapeutics in December 2024 to form nChroma Bio, Inc.), a biotechnology company, from February 2023 to December 2024. Mr. Kelly has also held positions at Tanox, Inc., Biogen, Inc., and Nutrasweet Kelco Company, a division of Monsanto Life Sciences. He also serves on the Council of Advisors and was the former audit committee chairman for Direct Relief, a humanitarian aid organization focused on health outcomes and disaster relief. Mr. Kelly received his B.Sc. in Business Administration from Florida A&M University, concentrating in Finance and Industrial Relations. We believe that Mr. Kelly is qualified to serve on our Board because of his extensive experience in managing and growing global healthcare and biotechnology companies.
David Schenkein, M.D. has served as a member of our Board since September 2019. Dr. Schenkein currently serves as a partner in GV, the venture capital investment arm of Alphabet Inc., which he joined in February 2019. Previously, Dr. Schenkein served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from August 2009 to February 2019. From April 2006 to July 2009, Dr. Schenkein served as a Senior Vice President of Oncology Development at Genentech Inc. Dr. Schenkein currently serves on the board of directors of Denali Therapeutics Inc. and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. He is also on the boards of the private companies Leyden Laboratories B.V., Aera Therapeutics, Inc. and Treeline Biosciences, Inc. Previously, Dr. Schenkein served on the board of directors of Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2009 to February 2025 and bluebird bio, Inc. from 2013 to 2021. He also currently serves as an adjunct attending physician in hematology at Tufts Medical Center. Dr. Schenkein received his M.D. from the State University of New York Upstate Medical School and his B.A. in
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Chemistry from Wesleyan University. We believe that Dr. Schenkein is qualified to serve on our Board because of his extensive background in the biotechnology industry and leadership experience as a senior executive and director of biotechnology companies.
Directors Continuing in Office
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D. has served as a member of our Board since November 2021. Dr. Chung is an American Board of Medical Genetics certified clinical and molecular geneticist and serves as the Chair of the Department of Pediatrics at Boston Children's Hospital, a position she has held since July 2023. Previously, she led the Precision Medicine Resource in the Irving Institute at Columbia University from February 2014 to June 2023. Dr. Chung was on the faculty at Columbia University from 2002 to June 2023, most recently as the Kennedy Family Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine at Columbia University. Prior to that, she was an Associate Professor at Columbia University. Dr. Chung has served as a member of the board of directors of Rallybio Corporation, a public biotechnology company, since August 2022. She received her B.A. in Biochemistry from Cornell University, her M.D. from Cornell University Medical College, and her Ph.D. in Genetics from The Rockefeller University. We believe that Dr. Chung is qualified to serve on our Board because of her extensive experience in medicine and genetics research.
Kaye Foster has served as a member of our Board since December 2021. Ms. Foster has been a Senior Advisor at the Boston Consulting Group since August 2014 and a Venture Partner at ARCH since January 2022. Previously, she was Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources at Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen, Inc. subsidiary and a biopharmaceutical company, from October 2010 to January 2014. At Onyx, she led all aspects of human resources for U.S. and global operations. Prior to joining Onyx, Ms. Foster was Global Vice President of Human Resources and an Executive Committee member at Johnson and Johnson Corporation, a healthcare company, from May 2003 to March 2010. Before Johnson and Johnson, Ms. Foster held several senior human resources executive positions with Pfizer Inc., a pharmaceuticals company. She currently serves on the board of directors and compensation committee of National Resilience Inc.; on the board of directors and the compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees of Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; and on the board of trustees and the human resources committee of Spelman College. Ms. Foster previously served on the board of directors and real estate and nominations committees of Stanford Health Care, a hospital and healthcare system, and chaired the Glide Memorial Foundation Board of Trustees. She received her B.B.A. in Business Administration from Baruch College of the City University of New York and her M.B.A. from Columbia University, Graduate School of Business. We believe Ms. Foster is qualified to serve on our Board because of her extensive experience as an executive in the pharmaceuticals industry, including her experience in people management, compensation planning and driving and maintaining corporate culture.
Jeffrey D. Marrazzo has served as a member of our Board since May 2023 and as Executive Chair of our Board since May 2025. Currently, Mr. Marrazzo chairs the board of directors of several privately-held biotechnology companies, including Dispatch Biotherapeutics and nChroma Bio. Previously, Mr. Marrazzo served as co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Spark Therapeutics, Inc. from May 2013 to April 2022 and as a member of its board of directors from May 2013 to December 2019. In addition, Mr. Marrazzo launched and was Chief Business Officer of the U.S. division of Molecular Health, Inc. from 2011 to 2013. Mr. Marrazzo was part of the founding management of Generation Health from 2009 to 2011, up to and through the acquisition of a majority of the company's shares by CVS Caremark. From 2008 to 2009, Mr. Marrazzo served as an employee and independent consultant to the business development and finance teams at Tengion Inc. and, from 2011 to 2013, Mr. Marrazzo served as an independent consultant to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, or CHOP. Previously, Mr. Marrazzo served as healthcare advisor to former Pennsylvania Governor Edward G. Rendell and as an IBM management consultant to global pharmaceutical companies. Mr. Marrazzo holds a B.S.E. and B.A. in Systems Science and Engineering and Economics from the University of Pennsylvania and a dual M.B.A./M.P.A. from The Wharton School and Harvard University. We believe that Mr. Marrazzo is qualified to serve on our Board because of his extensive leadership experience in the life sciences industry.
Allan Reine, M.D. has served as our Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board since May 2025. He previously served as our former Chief Financial Officer from January 2024 to May 2025. Prior to joining Prime, Dr. Reine served as Chief Financial Officer of Foghorn Therapeutics Inc. from September 2019 to January 2024, and as Chief Financial Officer of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from August 2017 to September 2019. From August
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2012 through August 2017, Dr. Reine was a portfolio manager at Lombard Odier Asset Management, where he ran a healthcare portfolio focused on biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. Before joining Lombard Odier, from 2003 through August 2012, Dr. Reine served as a healthcare portfolio manager at various funds, including Citi Principal Strategies, SAC Capital, Trivium Capital and Alexandra Investment Management. Dr. Reine began his career in 2001 at CIBC World Markets where he worked in both biotechnology investment banking and biotechnology equity research. Dr. Reine received his M.D. from the University of Toronto and his B.Sc. in Statistical Sciences from the University of Western Ontario. We believe that Dr. Reine is qualified to serve on our Board based on his extensive experience as a senior executive in the pharmaceutical industry, his public company experience, as well as his knowledge of our company based on his role as our former Chief Financial Officer and current Chief Executive Officer.
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D. has served as a member of our Board since November 2021. Dr. Cahill is the Founder and has served as the Managing Partner of Newpath Partners, a Boston-based life science venture fund focused on therapeutic companies, since October 2018. Dr. Cahill is the founding investor and director of nChroma Bio, Inc., Exo Therapeutics, Inc., Kisbee Therapeutics, Inc., Magnet Biomedicine, Inc., Myeloid Therapeutics, Inc., or Myeloid, Convergence Bio, Inc., Autobahn Therapeutics, Inc., Leal Therapeutics, Inc. and Amplitude Therapeutics, Inc. Prior to Newpath Partners, Dr. Cahill served as an Advisor at Raptor Group Holdings, where he helped further establish and lead the life science and technology investment portfolio, from September 2016 to May 2018. Dr. Cahill received both his M.D. and Ph.D. from Duke University and his M.S. from Stanford University. We believe that Dr. Cahill is qualified to serve on our Board based on his experience in the medical and venture capital industries.
Robert Nelsen has served as a member of our Board since September 2020. Mr. Nelsen co-founded ARCH Venture Partners, L.P., a venture capital firm focused on early-stage technology companies, in 1986 and has served as a Managing Director of ARCH Venture Partners or its affiliated entities since 1994. Mr. Nelsen currently serves on the board of directors of Sana Biotechnology, Inc. and Hua Medicine, Inc., each a public biotechnology company, and currently serves on the board of directors of a number of private companies. Mr. Nelsen previously served on the board of directors of a number of public biotechnology companies, including Vir Biotechnology, Inc., from 2017 to May 2025, Lyell Immunopharma, Inc. from 2018 to May 2025, Brii Biosciences Limited from 2019 to June 2024, Revolution Healthcare Acquisition Corp. from 2021 to April 2022, Denali Therapeutics Inc. from 2015 to June 2022, Beam from 2017 to June 2021, Karuna Therapeutics, Inc. from 2018 to June 2021, Unity Biotechnology, Inc. from 2015 to December 2020, Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2007 to June 2017, Syros Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2012 to June 2018, Juno Therapeutics, Inc. (acquired by Celgene Corporation in January 2018), or Juno, from 2013 to March 2018, Sienna Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2015 to September 2018 and Gossamer Bio, Inc. from 2017 to December 2018 (prior to its initial public offering). Mr. Nelsen received his M.B.A. from the University of Chicago and his B.S. from the University of Puget Sound in Economics and Biology. We believe that Mr. Nelsen is qualified to serve on our Board because of his extensive experience as a venture capitalist, building and serving boards of many public and private emerging companies, including multiple life sciences, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.
We believe that all of our current Board members possess the professional and personal qualifications necessary for service on our Board and have highlighted particularly noteworthy attributes for each Board member in the individual biographies above.
Director Independence
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market. Under the Nasdaq listing rules, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company's board of directors within twelve months from the date of listing. In addition, the Nasdaq listing rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company's audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent within twelve months from the date of listing. Audit committee members must also satisfy additional independence criteria, including those set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and compensation committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act. Under Nasdaq listing rules, a director will only qualify as an "independent director" if, in the opinion of that company's board of directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. In order to be considered independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange
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Act, a member of an audit committee of a listed company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the board of directors or any other board committee: (i) accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee from the listed company or any of its subsidiaries, other than compensation for board service; or (ii) be an affiliated person of the listed company or any of its subsidiaries. In order to be considered independent for purposes of Rule 10C-1, the board of directors must consider, for each member of a compensation committee of a listed company, all factors specifically relevant to determining whether a director has a relationship to such company which is material to that director's ability to be independent from management in connection with the duties of a compensation committee member, including, but not limited to: the source of compensation of the director, including any consulting advisory or other compensatory fee paid by such company to the director, and whether the director is affiliated with the company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates.
In February 2026, our Board undertook a review of the composition of our Board and its committees and the independence of each director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, our Board has determined that all members of our Board, except Allan Reine, M.D. and Jeffrey D. Marrazzo, are independent directors, including for purposes of Nasdaq and the SEC rules. In making that determination, our Board considered the relationships that each director has with us and all other facts and circumstances the Board deemed relevant in determining independence, including the potential deemed beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each director, including non-employee directors that are affiliated with certain of our major stockholders. We believe that the composition and functioning of our Board and each of our committees complies with all applicable requirements of Nasdaq and the rules and regulations of the SEC. There are no family relationships between or among any of our executive officers and directors. The principal occupation and employment during the past five years of each of our directors was carried on, in each case except as specifically identified, with a corporation or organization that is not a parent, subsidiary or other affiliate of us. There is no arrangement or understanding between any of our directors and any other person or persons pursuant to which he or she is to be selected as a director.
There are no material legal proceedings to which any of our directors, executive officers, or affiliates is a party adverse to us or our subsidiary or in which any such person has a material interest adverse to us or our subsidiary.
Role of Board in Risk Oversight Process
Our Board has an active role, both as a whole and also at the committee level, in overseeing the management of our risks. Our Board is responsible for general oversight of risks and regular review of information regarding our risks, including credit risks, liquidity risks, operational risks and cybersecurity. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to accounting matters and financial reporting. The compensation committee is responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to our executive compensation plans and arrangements. The nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for overseeing the management of risks associated with the independence of our Board and potential conflicts of interest. Although each committee is responsible for evaluating certain risks and overseeing the management of such risks, the entire Board is regularly informed through discussions from committee members about such risks. Our Board believes its administration of its risk oversight function has not negatively affected our Board's leadership structure.
Board Committees
Our Board has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee, each of which operates pursuant to a charter adopted by our Board. We believe that the composition and functioning of all of our committees comply with the applicable requirements of Nasdaq, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and SEC rules and regulations that are applicable to us. We intend to comply with future requirements to the extent they become applicable to us.
The full text of our audit committee charter, compensation committee charter and nominating and corporate governance committee charter are posted on the "Corporate Governance" portion of our website at www.primemedicine.com. We do not incorporate the information contained on, or accessible through, our corporate website into this proxy statement, and you should not consider it a part of this proxy statement.
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The following table describes which directors serve on each of our Board's committees as of April 23, 2026.
Name Audit
Committee 		Compensation
Committee
Nominating and
Corporate Governance
Committee
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D.
Member Member
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D.
Member Member
Kaye Foster Chair
Michael Kelly Chair
Robert Nelsen Member
David Schenkein, M.D.
Member Chair
Audit Committee
Among other things, our audit committee's responsibilities include:
•appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm;
•pre-approving auditing and permissible non-audit services, and the terms of such services, to be provided by our independent registered public accounting firm;
•reviewing the overall audit plan with our independent registered public accounting firm and members of management responsible for preparing our financial statements;
•reviewing and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly financial statements and related disclosures as well as critical accounting policies and practices used by us;
•coordinating the oversight and reviewing the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting;
•establishing policies and procedures for the receipt and retention of accounting-related complaints and concerns;
•recommending based upon the audit committee's review and discussions with management and our independent registered public accounting firm whether our audited financial statements shall be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K;
•monitoring the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as they relate to our financial statements and accounting matters;
•preparing the audit committee report required by SEC rules to be included in our annual proxy statement;
•reviewing all related person transactions for potential conflict of interest situations and approving all such transactions;
•discussing and reviewing items of enterprise risk management and considering major risk exposures, including financial, operational, privacy, security, cybersecurity, competition, legal, regulatory, hedging and accounting risk exposures;
•evaluating the performance, responsibilities, budget and staffing of our internal audit function and reviewing the internal audit plan; and
•reviewing quarterly earnings releases.
All audit services and all permitted non-audit services to be provided to us by our independent registered public accounting firm must be approved in advance by our audit committee.
The members of our audit committee are Michael Kelly, Thomas Cahill and Wendy Chung. Mr. Kelly chairs the audit committee. All members of our audit committee meet the requirements for financial literacy under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the Nasdaq listing rules. Our Board has determined that Mr. Kelly
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qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" within the meaning of applicable SEC regulations. In making this determination, our Board considered the nature and scope of experience that Michael Kelly has previously had with public reporting companies, including service as a principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. Our Board has determined that all of the members of our audit committee satisfy the relevant independence requirements for service on the audit committee set forth in the rules of the SEC and the Nasdaq listing rules. Both our independent registered public accounting firm and management periodically meet privately with our audit committee. Our audit committee charter, which has been adopted by our Board, is available on our website.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, our audit committee met four times. The report of our audit committee is included in this proxy statement below under "Audit Committee Report."
Compensation Committee
Among other things, our compensation committee's responsibilities include:
•reviewing and reassessing periodically (and making recommendations to our Board if advisable) our processes and procedures for the consideration and determination of director and executive officer compensation;
•annually reviewing and approving the corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer;
•evaluating the performance of our Chief Executive Officer in light of such corporate goals and objectives and based on such evaluation (i) recommending to our Board the cash compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and (ii) recommending to our Board any grants and awards to our Chief Executive Officer under equity-based plans;
•reviewing and approving the compensation of our other executive officers;
•providing oversight of management's decisions regarding the compensation of our other members of senior management;
•overseeing and administering our incentive-based compensation and equity-based plans;
•evaluating and assessing potential and current compensation consultants or advisors in accordance with the independence standards identified in the applicable Nasdaq listing rules;
•reviewing and approving grants and awards under incentive-based compensation plans and equity-based plans, in each case consistent with the terms of such plans;
•reviewing and recommending to our Board our policies and procedures for the grant of equity-based awards;
•administering our compensation recovery policy;
•reviewing and recommending to our Board the compensation of our directors;
•preparing our compensation committee report if and when required by SEC rules, to be included in our annual proxy statement or Annual Report on Form 10-K in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, the Nasdaq Stock Market rules and any other rules and regulations applicable to us;
•reviewing and discussing annually with management our "Compensation Discussion and Analysis," if and when required, to be included in our annual proxy statement or Annual Report on Form 10-K; and
•reviewing and approving the retention or termination of any consulting firm or outside advisor to assist in the evaluation of compensation matters.
The members of our compensation committee are Kaye Foster, David Schenkein and Robert Nelsen. Ms. Foster chairs the compensation committee. Each member of our compensation committee is a non-employee director, as defined in Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. Our compensation committee may delegate any of the responsibilities of the full committee to subcommittees and may delegate certain responsibilities of the full committee to our executive officers and other persons as may be permitted by applicable laws, rules or regulations
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and in accordance with the listing standards set forth by Nasdaq. Accordingly, our compensation committee has delegated authority to our Chief Executive Officer to make certain equity awards under our 2022 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, or the 2022 Plan, to our new hires and our existing employees at the senior vice president level and below who are not (and are not reasonably expected to be upon hiring) officers (as defined in Section 16 of the Exchange Act and Rule 16a-1 promulgated thereunder) in connection with promotions, market adjustments, employee recognition or retention, in each case, subject to certain limitations. Our compensation committee charter, which has been adopted by our Board, is available on our website.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, our compensation committee met six times.
Compensation Consultant
Our compensation committee has engaged Alpine Rewards, LLC, or Alpine Rewards, as its independent compensation consultant. When requested, Alpine Rewards consultants attend meetings of our compensation committee, including executive sessions in which executive compensation-related matters are discussed without the presence of our management. Alpine Rewards reports to our compensation committee and not to our management, although Alpine Rewards meets with our management for purposes of gathering information for its analyses and recommendations.
Our compensation committee assessed the independence of Alpine Rewards from management, taking into consideration relevant factors, including the other services provided to our Company by Alpine Rewards, the amount of fees our Company paid to Alpine Rewards as a percentage of Alpine Rewards' total revenue, the policies and procedures of Alpine Rewards that are designed to prevent conflicts of interest, any business or personal relationship of the individual compensation advisors employed by Alpine Rewards with any executive officer of the Company, any business or personal relationship the individual compensation advisors employed by Alpine Rewards have with any member of our compensation committee and any stock of our Company owned by Alpine Rewards or the individual compensation advisors employed by Alpine Rewards. On the basis of that assessment and taking into consideration the independence factors that are required to be considered under applicable stock exchange rules, our compensation committee determined that no relationships existed that would create a conflict of interest or that would compromise Alpine Rewards' independence, and that Alpine Rewards is independent pursuant to the independence standards set forth in the Nasdaq listing standards promulgated pursuant to Section 10C of the Exchange Act.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Among other things, our nominating and corporate governance committee's responsibilities include:
•developing and recommending to our Board criteria for our Board and committee membership;
•establishing procedures for identifying and evaluating our Board candidates, including nominees recommended by stockholders;
•to the extent deemed appropriate, retaining third-party search firms or other advisors to identify and evaluate director nominee candidates;
•reviewing the composition of our Board to ensure that it is composed of members containing the appropriate skills and expertise to advise us;
•identifying individuals qualified to become members of our Board;
•recommending to our Board the persons to be nominated for election as directors and to each of the committees of our Board;
•developing, recommending to our Board and periodically assessing the adequacy of a set of corporate governance guidelines and a code of conduct and business ethics;
•overseeing the evaluation of our Board; and
•reviewing and discussing with our Board corporate succession plans for our Chief Executive Officer and our other key officers.
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The members of our nominating and corporate governance committee are David Schenkein, Wendy Chung and Thomas Cahill. Dr. Schenkein chairs our nominating and corporate governance committee. Our Board has determined that each member of our nominating and corporate governance committee satisfies the independence standards of the applicable rules of Nasdaq. Our nominating and corporate governance committee charter, which has been adopted by our Board, is available on our website.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, our nominating and corporate governance committee did not meet.
Board Meetings and Attendance
Our full Board held eight meetings during the year ended December 31, 2025. Each of our incumbent directors, except for Robert Nelsen, attended in person or participated via teleconference at least 75% of the aggregate meetings of our Board and the committees of our Board on which he or she served during the year ended December 31, 2025 (in each case, which were held during the period for which he or she was a director and/or a member of the applicable committee and excluding any meetings in which a director was an interested party). Our non-employee directors met in executive session during each of the regularly scheduled Board meetings during the year ended December 31, 2025, at which an executive session was convened.
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines provide that each member of the Board is expected to make reasonable efforts to attend meetings of the Board, whether regular or special. Attendance and participation at meetings is an important component of the directors' duties and, as such, attendance rates are taken into account by the nominating and corporate governance committee in assessing directors for renomination as directors.
Director Attendance at Annual Meeting of Stockholders
Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, each of our directors is expected to attend our annual meetings of stockholders to the extent practicable, and we encourage our directors to attend our annual meetings of stockholders. Last year, we held an annual meeting of stockholders on June 4, 2025, at which six directors who were members of our Board at such time were present.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Our Board adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all of our employees, officers (including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions), agents and representatives, including directors and consultants.
If we make any substantive future amendments to certain provisions of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or grant any waivers from our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for any officer or director, we will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website identified below or in a Current Report on Form 8-K. The full text of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and our Code of Ethics is posted on our website at www.primemedicine.com. The inclusion of our website address in this proxy statement does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this proxy statement, and you should not consider that information a part of this proxy statement.
Policy on Trading, Pledging and Hedging of Company Stock
Certain transactions in our securities (such as purchases and sales of publicly traded put and call options, and short sales) create a heightened compliance risk or could create the appearance of misalignment between management and stockholders. In addition, securities held in a margin account or pledged as collateral may be sold without consent if the owner fails to meet a margin call or defaults on the loan, thus creating the risk that a sale may occur at a time when an officer or director is aware of material, non-public information or otherwise is not permitted to trade in our securities. Our insider trading policy expressly prohibits short sales and derivative transactions of our stock and purchases or sales of puts, calls, or our other derivative securities or any derivative securities that provide the economic equivalent of ownership of any of our securities or an opportunity, direct or indirect, to profit from any change in the value of our securities or engage in any other hedging transaction with respect to our securities, at any time, by our executive officers, directors and employees.
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Insider Trading Policy
We have adopted an Insider Trading Policy governing the purchase, sale, and/or other dispositions of our securities by directors, officers, employees and designated consultants and contractors that we believe is reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations, and the Nasdaq Stock Market listing standards that are applicable to us.
Our Insider Trading Policy permits our officers, directors, employees and certain other persons to enter into trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Generally, under these trading plans, the individual relinquishes control over the transactions once the trading plan is put into place and can only put such plans into place while the individual is not in possession of material non-public information. Accordingly, sales under these plans may occur at any time, including possibly before, simultaneously with, or immediately after significant events involving us.
A copy of our Second Amended and Restated Insider Trading Policy was filed as Exhibit 19.1 to our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In addition, with regard to trading in our own securities, it is the our policy to comply with applicable insider trading laws, rules and regulations, and any exchange listing standards when engaging in transactions in our securities.
Compensation Recovery Policy
In accordance with the requirements of the SEC and Nasdaq listing rules, our Board adopted a compensation recovery policy on September 15, 2023, effective as of October 2, 2023. The compensation recovery policy provides that in the event we are required to prepare a restatement of financial statements due to material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under securities laws, we will seek to recover any incentive-based compensation that was based upon the attainment of a financial reporting measure and that was received by any current or former executive officer during the three-year period preceding the date that the restatement was required if such compensation exceeds the amount that the executive officers would have received based on the restated financial statements.
Policies and Practices Related to the Grant of Certain Equity Awards
We have adopted an Equity Award Grant Policy that sets forth the process and timing for us to follow when we grant equity awards for shares of our common stock to our employees or advisors or consultants (other than our non-employee directors) pursuant to our equity compensation plans. All grants of equity awards must be approved in advance by our Board, the compensation committee or, subject to the delegation requirements in the policy, our Chief Executive Officer. The equity award granting authority delegated to our Chief Executive Officer applies to employees at the senior vice president level and below who are not (and are not reasonably expected to be upon hiring) officers (as defined in Section 16 of the Exchange Act and Rule 16a-1 promulgated thereunder) and to equity awards within the specific ranges and subject to a maximum annual aggregate amount as may be set forth in the policy, as approved by the compensation committee from time to time.
Generally, equity awards are granted on the following regularly scheduled basis as set forth in the Equity Award Grant Policy: (a) equity awards granted in connection with the hiring of a new employee or the promotion of an existing employee or the engagement of a new consultant will generally be granted, if at all, regularly (either monthly or quarterly) and will be effective on the first day of the month immediately following the month in which such individual's employment or consulting term begins or promotion occurs, as applicable; (b) equity awards granted to existing employees (other than in connection with a promotion or other special grant) will generally be granted, if at all, on an annual basis and will be effective on the date such grant is approved or such future date as approved by our Board, compensation committee or Chief Executive Officer, as applicable; and (c) any special grants to existing employees will be made, if at all, periodically and will be effective on the date such grant is approved or such future date as approved by our Board, compensation committee or Chief Executive Officer, as applicable.
Our Board, compensation committee and Chief Executive Officer do not take into account any material nonpublic information when determining the timing and terms of equity awards. We do not time our equity award grants either
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to take advantage of a depressed stock price, or an anticipated increase in stock price, and we have limited the amount of discretion that can be exercised in connection with the timing of equity award grants. We also do not time the release of material nonpublic information based on equity award grant dates.
The following table contains information required by Item 402(x)(2) of Regulation S-K about stock options granted to our NEOs in the last completed fiscal year during the period beginning four business days before and ending one business day after the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, or the filing or furnishing of any of our Current Reports on Form 8-K that discloses material nonpublic information.
Name
Grant Date
Number of
Securities
Underlying
the Award
Exercise
Price of
the Award
($ per share)
Grant Date
Fair Value
of the
Award
($)
Percentage change in the closing market price of the securities underlying the award between the trading day ending immediately prior to the disclosure of material nonpublic information and the trading day beginning immediately following the disclosure of material nonpublic information
Allan Reine, M.D.
02/27/2025 275,000 2.42 471,598
(1)
4%
Ann Lee, Ph.D.
02/27/2025 275,000 2.42 471,598
(1)
4%
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP
02/27/2025 275,000 2.42 471,598
(1)
4%
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D.
02/28/2025 500,000 2.52 892,200
(1)
4%
Allan Reine, M.D.
05/19/2025 2,000,000 1.34 1,911,400
(1)
(16)%
Allan Reine, M.D.
05/19/2025 500,000 1.34 -
(1)
(16)%
Allan Reine, M.D.
08/01/2025 850,000 4.04 445,801
(2)
8%
Ann Lee, Ph.D.
08/01/2025 180,995 4.04 197,786
(2)
8%
Ann Lee, Ph.D.
08/01/2025 180,995 4.04 120,691
(2)
8%
1.Amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of option awards granted during the applicable year calculated in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, or ASC Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our audited consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report for assumptions underlying the valuation of equity awards. The grant date fair value of Dr. Reine's performance-based stock options grant for 500,000 shares, based on probable achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $0; the grant date fair value of such performance-based stock option grant, based on maximum achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $556,800. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our NEOs upon the exercise of the options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock.
2.These options were repriced on August 1, 2025 under our stockholder approved option repricing plan, which is discussed in greater detail in Note 8, Stock-based Compensation, to our consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Amounts reflect the aggregate incremental fair value of the repriced options, calculated in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K for assumptions underlying the valuation of equity awards. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our NEOs upon the exercise of the options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock.
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Communication with Directors
Any stockholders desiring to communicate with our Board, or one or more of our directors, may send a letter addressed to the Board of Directors of Prime Medicine, Inc., 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141. All such letters will be promptly forwarded to the appropriate members of our Board or individual directors, as applicable.
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Director Compensation
The following table presents the total compensation for each person who served as a non-employee member of our Board during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. Other than as set forth in the table and described more below, we did not pay any compensation, grant any equity awards or non-equity awards to, or pay any other compensation to any of the non-employee members of our Board during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. Dr. Reine, who is our Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Gottesdiener, who was our former Chief Executive Officer, did not receive any additional compensation for their services as directors. The compensation received by Dr. Reine and Dr. Gottesdiener, as NEOs of the Company, are presented in the "2025 Summary Compensation Table."
Name Fees Earned
or Paid in Cash
($) (1)
Option Awards
($) (2)
All Other
Compensation
($) 		Total
($)
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D. (3)
60,000 133,924 - 193,924
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D. (3)
60,000 162,079 - 222,079
Kaye Foster (3)
60,000 162,359 - 222,359
Michael Kelly (3)
65,000 162,079 - 227,079
Jeffrey D. Marrazzo (4)
45,000 1,199,949 95,161 1,340,110
Robert Nelsen (3)
52,500 133,924 - 186,424
David Schenkein, M.D. (3)
62,500 133,924 - 196,424
1.Amounts represent annual cash compensation earned for services rendered as directors by non-employee members of our Board and the committees thereof during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.
2.Amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of option awards granted during 2025 in accordance with our Non-employee Director Compensation Policy, described below, calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. The grant date fair value of Mr. Marrazzo's performance-based stock option grant for 200,000 shares, based on probable achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $0; the grant date fair value of such performance-based stock option grants, based on maximum achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $223,900. In addition to grant date fair value of options granted during 2025, the amounts also include the incremental fair value of options repriced during 2025. The aggregate incremental fair value of repriced options were $83,456 for each of Dr. Cahill, Mr. Nelsen, and Dr. Schenkein; $111,611 for each of Dr. Chung and Mr. Kelly; $111,891 for Ms. Foster; and $348,821 for Mr. Marrazzo. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K for assumptions underlying the valuation of equity awards. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our directors upon the exercise of the options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock.
3.As part of the annual Board member grants, Dr. Cahill, Dr. Chung, Ms. Foster, Mr. Kelly, Mr. Nelsen, and Dr. Schenkein received options to purchase 55,000 shares of our common stock. As of December 31, 2025, Dr. Cahill, Mr. Nelsen, and Dr. Schenkein each held options to purchase an aggregate of 139,062 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2025, Dr. Chung, Ms. Foster, and Mr. Kelly each held options to purchase an aggregate of 161,578 shares of common stock.
4.Upon his appointment as the Executive Chair of the Board, Mr. Marrazzo received options to purchase 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. In addition, for his services as a director, as part of the annual Board member grants, Mr. Marrazzo received options to purchase an additional 55,000 shares of our common stock. Under his advisory services agreement with the Company, the details of which are discussed in the "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" section, Mr. Marrazzo also received fees totaling $95,161 during 2025. As of December 31, 2025, Mr. Marrazzo held options to purchase an aggregate of 1,442,000 shares of common stock.
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Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy
We adopted a non-employee director compensation policy in May 2022 designed to enable us to attract and retain, on a long-term basis, highly qualified non-employee directors, which was amended and restated on May 17, 2024. On May 16, 2025, our Board approved a second amended and restated non-employee director compensation policy based upon the recommendations of our compensation committee and Alpine Rewards, our independent compensation consultant.
Under the second amended and restated policy, our non-employee directors are eligible to receive annual cash retainers (which are payable quarterly in arrears and prorated for partial years of service) and equity awards as set forth below:
Annual Retainer for the Board
All non-employee members
$ 45,000
Additional Retainer for Board Chair
$ 30,000
Additional Retainer for Audit Committee
Chair
$ 20,000
Non-chair members
$ 10,000
Additional Retainer for Compensation Committee
Chair
$ 15,000
Non-chair members
$ 7,500
Additional Retainer for Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Chair $ 10,000
Non-chair members $ 5,000
In addition, our policy provides that, upon initial election or appointment to our Board, each new non-employee director will be granted a one-time grant of a non-statutory stock option to purchase 110,000 shares of our common stock on the date of such director's election or appointment to our Board, or the Initial Director Grant. The Initial Director Grant will vest in substantially equal annual installments over three years, subject to the non-employee director's continued services to the Company. On the date of each annual meeting of stockholders of the Company, each non-employee director who will continue as a non-employee director following such meeting, other than a non-employee director receiving an Initial Director Grant, will be granted an annual award of a non-statutory stock option to purchase 55,000 shares of common stock, or the Annual Director Grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a non-employee director was initially elected to our Board on a date other than the date of an annual meeting, then upon such initial election or appointment, the non-employee director shall receive, in lieu of an Annual Director Grant, a grant that is pro-rated on a monthly basis for time served as a non-employee director between the date of the non-employee director's initial election or appointment and the date of the next annual meeting. The Annual Director Grant (including any pro-rated amount) will vest in full on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the grant date or on the date of our next annual meeting of stockholders, subject to the non-employee director's continued services to the Company. Such awards are subject to fully accelerated vesting upon the sale of the Company. All vested options remain exercisable for twelve months if a non-employee director resigns from the Board or otherwise ceases to serve as a director.
The aggregate amount of compensation, including both equity compensation and cash compensation, paid to any non-employee director for service as a non-employee director in a calendar year period will not exceed $1,600,000 in the first calendar year such individual becomes a non-employee director and $1,000,000 in any other calendar year.
We reimburse all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by directors for their attendance at meetings of our Board or any committee thereof.
Employee directors receive no additional compensation for their service as a director.
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PROPOSAL 1-ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
In accordance with our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, our Board is divided into three staggered classes of directors, and each director is assigned to one of the three classes. At each annual meeting of the stockholders, one class of directors will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the directors of the same class whose terms are then expiring. Michael Kelly and David Schenkein, M.D. are the Class I directors whose terms expire at the Annual Meeting. Each has been nominated for and has agreed to stand for re-election to our Board to serve as a Class I director of our Company for three years and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.
Required Vote of Stockholders
To be elected, the directors nominated via Proposal 1 must receive a plurality of the votes properly cast on the election of directors, meaning that the two director nominees for Class I directors receiving the highest number of affirmative votes properly cast will be elected. You may vote FOR all the nominees, FOR any one of the nominees, WITHHOLD your vote from all the nominees or WITHHOLD your vote from any one of the nominees. Withheld votes and broker non-votes will have no effect on the election of directors.
The proxies will be voted in favor of the above nominees unless a contrary specification is made in the proxy. The nominees have consented to serve as our directors if elected. However, if the nominees are unable to serve or for good cause will not serve as a director, the proxies will be voted for the election of such substitute nominee as our Board may designate.
The proposal for the election of directors relates solely to the election of Class I directors nominated by our Board.
THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THE ELECTION OF EACH OF THESE NOMINEES FOR CLASS I DIRECTOR, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY OUR BOARD WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR THEREOF, UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER HAS INDICATED OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.
(PROPOSAL 1 ON YOUR NOTICE OR PROXY CARD)
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Below is a list of the names, ages as of April 23, 2026 and positions, and a brief account of the business experience of the individuals who serve as our executive officers.
Name Age Position
Allan Reine, M.D. 51 Chief Executive Officer and Director
Ann Lee, Ph.D. 64 Chief Technical Officer
Svetlana N. Makhni 42 Chief Financial Officer
Executive Officer Biographies
The biographical information pertaining to Dr. Reine, who is a director and executive officer of our Company, is included under "Director Composition," above.
Ann L. Lee, Ph.D. has served as our Chief Technical Officer since October 2021. Prior to that, Dr. Lee served as Senior Vice President and Head of Cell Therapy Development and Operations at Bristol-Myers Squibb, or BMS, from November 2019 to July 2021, as Executive Vice President of Cell Therapy Development and Operations at Celgene Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company, from April 2018 to November 2019 and as Executive Vice President of Technical Operations at Juno from November 2017 to April 2018. From April 2009 to November 2017, Dr. Lee served as Senior Vice President and Global Head of Pharma Technical Development at Genentech, Inc., a Roche Group subsidiary and a biotechnology company. She currently serves on the board of directors and audit and compensation committees of Coya Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Lee received her Ph.D. in biochemical engineering from Yale University and her B.S. in chemical engineering from Cornell University.
Svetlana N. Makhni has served as our Chief Financial Officer since April 2026. Prior to joining Prime, Ms. Makhni served as Chief Financial Officer of Marengo Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology company, from June 2022 to April 2026, as Chief Financial Officer of Escient Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology company, from May 2021 to June 2022, and as Chief Financial Officer and Head of Operations at Bierman ABA, Inc., a behavioral health services provider, from October 2019 to May 2021. Earlier in her career, from 2006 through 2019, Ms. Makhni held roles in investment banking and financial services at BMO Capital Markets, Goldman Sachs, Westbrook Partners and The Blackstone Group, where she advised public and private companies on equity and debt financings, mergers and acquisitions, and other strategic transactions. Ms. Makhni received her M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and her B.S. from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
This section provides an overview of the compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our principal executive officer and our two most highly compensated executive officers (other than our principal executive officer) who were serving as executive officers at the end of 2025, in respect of their service to us for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. We refer to these individuals as our NEOs. Our NEOs for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 were:
•Allan Reine, M.D., our current Chief Executive Officer;
•Keith Gottesdiener, M.D., our former President and Chief Executive Officer from January to May 2025;
•Ann Lee, Ph.D., our Chief Technical Officer; and
•Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP, our former Chief Scientific Officer from January to July 2025.
2025 Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth the compensation provided to our NEOs for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Name and Principal Position Year Salary
($) 		Bonus
($) 		Option
Awards
($) (1) 		Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($) (2) 		All Other
Compensation
($) 		Total
($)
Allan Reine, M.D.
(3) (4) 		2025 606,212 - 2,828,798 402,000 57,177 3,894,187
Chief Executive Officer 2024 479,489 176,000 3,699,775 200,000 68,538 4,623,802
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D.
(5) 		2025 259,568 - 1,185,802 - 762,400 2,207,770
Former Chief Executive Officer 2024 652,792 - 1,165,030 395,010 32,785 2,245,617
Ann Lee, Ph.D.
(6) 		2025 505,375 - 790,075 243,960 10,706 1,550,116
Chief Technical Officer
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP
(7) 		2025 268,271 - 668,600 - 380,926 1,317,797
Former Chief Scientific Officer 2024 480,417 - 1,092,033 293,400 11,727 1,877,577
1.Amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of option awards granted during the applicable year calculated in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K for assumptions underlying the valuation of equity awards. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our NEOs upon the exercise of the options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock. For the year ended December 31, 2025, Dr. Reine was granted time-based and performance-based stock options. The grant date fair value of Dr. Reine's time-based stock option grant was $2,382,997. The grant date fair value of Dr. Reine's performance-based stock option grant, based on probable achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $0; the grant date fair value of such performance-based stock option grant, based on maximum achievement of the applicable performance metrics, was $556,800. Dr. Gottesdiener, Dr. Lee, and Dr. Duffield were granted only time-based stock options during the year ended December 31, 2025. Additionally, the aggregate incremental fair value, calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 718, for the repricing of certain options in 2025 were $445,801 for Dr. Reine and $318,478 for Dr. Lee. Dr. Gottesdiener and Dr. Duffield were not eligible to participate in our option repricing program. Furthermore, the aggregate incremental fair value, calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, with respect to the extension of the post-termination exercise period in 2025 for certain options held by Dr. Gottesdiener and Dr. Duffield were $293,602 and $197,002, respectively.
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2.The amounts reflect the annual cash incentive compensation earned by our NEOs based on our achievement of certain corporate performance goals.
3.Dr. Reine was appointed as our Chief Executive Officer in May 2025. Prior to his appointment, Dr. Reine served as our Chief Financial Officer. Dr. Reine's 2025 base salary represents his salary as our former Chief Financial Officer through his transition to Chief Executive Officer and, subsequently, his salary in the role as our Chief Executive Officer. Similarly, Dr. Reine's annual bonus includes a proration for his tenure as our former Chief Financial Officer.
4.All other compensation for Dr. Reine for 2025 consists of (i) $32,965 in reimbursements for housing expenses, which includes $8,965 for related tax gross-ups, (ii) $13,352 in reimbursement for commuting expenses, which includes $1,702 related tax gross-ups, (iii) $10,500 for matching contributions under our 401(k) plan, and (iv) $360 in wellness reimbursements.
5.All other compensation for Dr. Gottesdiener for 2025 consists of (i) $646,067 of severance, which includes $10,000 of legal reimbursements, (ii) $99,299 in consulting fees under the KMG Consulting Agreement, which is described in greater detail below, (iii) $6,534 in reimbursements for commuting expenses, which includes $846 for related tax gross-ups, and (iv) $10,500 for matching contributions under our 401(k) plan.
6.Dr. Lee was not an NEO for 2024. All other compensation for Dr. Lee for 2025 consists of (i) $10,500 for matching contributions under our 401(k) plan, and (ii) $206 in reimbursements for commuting expense.
7.All other compensation for Dr. Duffield for 2025 consists of (i) $321,154 of severance payments, (ii) $48,900 in consulting fees under the Duffield Consulting Agreement, which is described in greater detail below, (iii) $10,500 for matching contributions under our 401(k) plan, and (iv) $372 in reimbursements for commuting expense.
Overview
Our executive compensation program is designed to attract, motivate and retain key employees who we believe best represent our values and can make significant contributions towards achieving our purpose of delivering a new class of differentiated one-time curative genetic therapies to address the widest spectrum of diseases by deploying our Prime Editing technology. Our program's purpose is to incentivize them based on the achievement of key performance goals, and to align their interests with the interests of our stockholders. Under this program, our NEOs' compensation is based on the achievement of key strategic and business goals that were developed based on our mission. The program consists of a combination of base salary, an annual cash bonus, long-term equity incentive compensation and other employee benefits generally available to our employees, and is designed to align our executive compensation program with the interests of our stockholders by reflecting a pay-for-performance philosophy that supports our business strategy. At the same time, our Board believes that the program does not encourage excessive risk-taking by management.
Our compensation committee is generally responsible for determining the compensation of our executive officers (and recommending to our Board such compensation for our Chief Executive Officer). In setting executive base salaries and bonuses and granting equity incentive awards, the compensation committee considers compensation for comparable positions in the market, the historical compensation levels of our executive officers, internal equity, our desire to motivate our employees to achieve short- and long-term results that are in the best interests of our stockholders, and a long-term commitment to us. We target a general competitive position, based on independent third-party benchmark analytics to inform the mix of compensation of base salary, bonus and long-term incentives. Our compensation committee typically reviews and discusses management's proposed compensation with our Chief Executive Officer for all executives other than the Chief Executive Officer. Based on those discussions and its discretion, taking into account the factors noted above, the compensation committee then sets the compensation for each executive officer other than the Chief Executive Officer. For the Chief Executive Officer, our compensation committee recommends our Chief Executive Officer's compensation for approval by our Board. Our compensation committee may delegate certain authorities to one of our officers, as described above in "Corporate Governance-Compensation Committee".
Our compensation committee has the authority to engage the services of a consulting firm or other outside advisor to assist it in designing our executive compensation programs and in making compensation decisions.
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During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, our compensation committee engaged Alpine Rewards to assist it in evaluating our executive and director compensation practices, including program design, identification of an appropriate peer group for compensation comparison purposes and providing pay benchmarking data. Alpine Rewards also provided (i) analysis and recommendations to our compensation committee regarding trends and emerging topics with respect to executive compensation; (ii) compensation programs for executives, directors and our employees generally; and (iii) stock utilization and related metrics. For further information, see "Corporate Governance-Compensation Committee-Compensation Consultant."
Alpine Rewards reports directly to our compensation committee and did not provide any additional services other than as described above. Our compensation committee annually assesses its independence consistent with Nasdaq listing standards and concluded that the engagement of such consultant did not raise any conflict of interest.
2025 Base Salary
Our NEOs each receive a base salary to compensate them for services rendered to us. The base salary payable to each NEO is intended to provide a fixed component of compensation reflecting the executive's skill set, experience, role and responsibilities. Base salaries may be adjusted from time to time to realign salaries with market levels after taking into account individual responsibilities, performance and experience. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the annual base salaries for our NEOs were as follows:
Name
Annual Base Salary from
January 1, 2025 through
February 28, 2025
Annual Base Salary from
March 1, 2025 through
May 18, 2025
Annual Base Salary from
May 19, 2025 through
December 31, 2025
Allan Reine, M.D. (1)
$500,000
$517,500
$665,000
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D. (2)
$658,350
$681,500
$0
Ann Lee, Ph.D.
$491,000
$508,250
$508,250
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP (2)
$483,500
$500,500
$500,500
1.Dr. Reine was appointed as our Chief Executive Officer effective May 19, 2025. Prior to May 19, 2025, Dr. Reine served as our Chief Financial Officer.
2.Dr. Gottesdiener's employment with us ceased on May 18, 2025 and Dr. Duffield's employment with us ceased on July 15, 2025. These NEOs' base salaries were pro-rated accordingly.
2025 Annual Bonus
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, each of the NEOs was eligible to earn an annual cash bonus determined by our compensation committee for NEOs other than the Chief Executive Officer and by our Board on the recommendation of our compensation committee for our principal executive officer, based on our corporate performance. The target annual bonus for each of our NEOs for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 was equal to the percentage of the executive's respective annual base salary as of December 31, 2025 specified below:
Name Target Bonus Percentage
Allan Reine, M.D.
(1)
60%
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D.
60%
Ann Lee, Ph.D. 40%
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP
40%
1.During his tenure as our former Chief Financial Officer, Dr. Reine's target bonus percentage was 40%. Upon becoming our Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Reine's target bonus percentage increased to 60%.
In 2025, annual bonuses for our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technical Officer were based entirely on the level of corporate achievement against our 2025 corporate objectives. With respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, our compensation committee approved a cash bonus payout in an amount of 120% of target for Dr. Lee and our Board approved a cash bonus payout in an amount of 120% of target for Dr. Reine. Dr. Gottesdiener and Dr. Duffield did not earn any annual bonuses for 2025 as a result of their separations from us.
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Equity-Based Compensation
We believe that long-term equity incentives provide our executives with a strong link to our long-term performance and create an ownership culture. These equity awards are a key aspect of our compensation philosophy and serve to align the interests of our executive officers with our stockholders, as they are tied to future increases in the value of our stock. Further, we believe that equity awards with a time-based vesting feature promote retention because this feature incentivizes our NEOs to remain in our employment during the vesting period. Additionally, we believe that equity awards with a performance-based vesting feature further incentivize our executive officers to achieve important milestones. Accordingly, our compensation committee periodically reviews the equity incentive compensation of our NEOs and may grant equity incentive awards to them from time to time. For additional information regarding outstanding equity awards held by our NEOs as of December 31, 2025, see the "Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End" table below.
Perquisites/Personal Benefits
We do not provide significant perquisites or other personal benefits to our executive officers, including our NEOs, except for reimbursements for wellness, commuting and/or housing for certain NEOs, as well as certain related tax gross-ups as described above in the "2025 Summary Compensation Table."
401(k) Plan
We maintain a retirement savings plan, or the 401(k) plan, that is intended to qualify for favorable tax treatment under Section 401(a) of the Code and contains a cash or deferred feature that is intended to meet the requirements of Section 401(k) of the Code. U.S. employees are generally eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan, subject to certain criteria. Participants may make pre-tax and certain after-tax (Roth) salary deferral contributions to the plan from their eligible earnings up to the statutorily prescribed annual limit under the Code. Participants who are 50 years of age or older may contribute additional amounts based on the statutory limits for catch-up contributions. Participants who are 60 to 63 years of age may also contribute additional amounts based on the statutory limits for super catch-up contributions. All deferrals made to the standard catch-up or the super catch-up may only be made on Roth contributions. Participant contributions are held in trust as required by law. We provide matching contributions equal to 50% of an employee's contributions, subject to a maximum of six percent of eligible compensation.
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Outstanding Equity Awards at 2025 Fiscal Year-End Table
The following table lists all outstanding equity awards held by our NEOs as of December 31, 2025. Equity awards granted prior to our IPO in October 2022 were under our 2019 Stock Option and Grant Plan, as amended from time to time, or the 2019 Plan, and equity awards granted following our initial public offering in October 2022 were under our 2022 Plan.
Options
Name Grant
Date 		Vesting
Commencement
Date 		Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Option (#) Exercisable Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Option (#) Unexercisable Equity Incentive Plan Awards:
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Option (#) 		Option
Exercise
Price
($) 		Option
Expiration
Date
Allan Reine, M.D. 05/19/2025 (1) 05/19/2025 - 2,000,000 - 1.34 05/19/2035
05/19/2025 (2) 05/19/2025 - - 500,000 1.34 05/19/2035
02/27/2025 (3) 02/27/2025 57,291 217,709 - 2.42 02/27/2035
01/17/2024 (1) 01/17/2024 287,500 312,500 4.04
(8)
01/17/2034
01/17/2024 (4) 01/17/2024 250,000 - - 4.04
(8)
01/17/2034
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D. 02/28/2025 (5) 02/28/2025 104,166 395,834 - 2.52 02/28/2035
02/25/2024 (5) 02/25/2024 45,833 54,167 - 8.32 02/25/2034
02/25/2024 (6) 02/25/2025 200,000 - 200,000 8.32 02/25/2034
03/31/2023 (5) 03/31/2023 342,194 155,544 - 12.30 03/31/2033
10/27/2021 (5) 10/27/2021 241,250 - - 3.67 10/27/2031
Ann Lee, Ph.D. 02/27/2025 (3) 02/27/2025 57,291 217,709 - 2.42 02/27/2035
02/21/2024 (3) 02/21/2024 82,956 98,039 - 4.04
(8)
02/21/2034
03/31/2023 (3) 03/31/2023 124,434 56,561 - 4.04
(8)
03/31/2033
10/27/2021 (4) 10/04/2021 482,501 - - 3.67 10/26/2031
10/27/2021
(4)
10/04/2021 241,248 - - 3.67 10/26/2031
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP 02/27/2025
(7)
02/27/2025 57,291 217,709 - 2.42 02/27/2035
02/21/2024
(7)
02/21/2024 82,956 98,039 - 8.49 02/21/2034
03/31/2023
(7)
03/31/2023 124,434 56,561 - 12.30 03/31/2033
10/27/2021
(7)
10/27/2021 16,083 - - 3.67 10/27/2031
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1.The shares underlying these options vest as follows: 25 percent vest on the 1-year anniversary of the vesting commencement date, and 1/48th of the shares vest on a monthly basis thereafter, in each case subject to the applicable NEO's continuous service relationship with us through each applicable vesting date. The stock options are also subject to certain acceleration of vesting provisions as provided in the applicable NEO's employment agreement.
2.The underlying shares vest upon the achievement of pre-determined milestone(s), subject to the applicable NEO's continuous service relationship with us through the applicable vesting date. As of December 31, 2025, the applicable milestone(s) have not been satisfied.
3.The shares underlying these options vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months commencing on the vesting commencement date, subject to the applicable NEO's continuous service relationship with us through each applicable vesting date. The stock options are also subject to certain acceleration of vesting provisions as provided in the applicable NEO's employment agreement.
4.The underlying shares are fully vested as of December 31, 2025.
5.The shares underlying these options vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months commencing on the vesting commencement date. Under the terms of the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement, as defined and described in greater detail below, options granted to Dr. Gottesdiener while an employee will continue to vest for one additional year following the cessation of his employment, subject to Dr. Gottesdiener's continued service relationship with us through each applicable vesting date.
6.The underlying shares vest in four tranches (consisting of 100,000 shares each) upon the achievement of a pre-determined milestone for each tranche prior to one year additional vesting period provided for under the defined the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement, subject to Dr. Gottesdiener's continued service relationship with us through each applicable vesting date. As of December 31, 2025, two of the four tranches have not vested.
7.The shares underlying these options vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months commencing on the vesting commencement date and through March 31, 2026, the last date of Duffield Consulting Agreement, as defined and described in detail below, subject to Dr. Duffield's continued service relationship with us through each applicable vesting date.
8.All options issued under the 2019 Plan and 2022 Plan to Dr. Lee and Dr. Reine with an exercise price greater than $4.04 were repriced on August 1, 2025, as approved by our stockholders. Refer to Note 8, Stock-based Compensation, to our consolidated financial statements appearing in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K for greater detail.
Agreements with our NEOs
We have entered into a new employment agreement with Dr. Reine that was effective as of May 2025. Previously, we entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Reine that was effective as of January 2024. We entered into employment agreements with Dr. Gottesdiener, Dr. Duffield, and Dr. Lee that were effective in July 2022. We entered into a separation agreement with Dr. Gottesdiener and a consulting agreement with a limited liability company managed by Dr. Gottesdiener in May 2025. We entered into a separation agreement and consulting agreement with Dr. Duffield in July 2025.
Each of our NEOs are subject to standard confidentiality and nondisclosure, assignment of intellectual property work product and post-termination non-solicitation of employees, consultants and customers covenants and, in certain circumstances, non-competition covenants.
Allan Reine, M.D.
CEO Agreement
In connection with Dr. Reine's appointment as our Chief Executive Officer, we entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, or the Reine CEO Employment Agreement, effective May 19, 2025. The Reine CEO Employment Agreement provides for at-will employment. The agreement also sets forth initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally. In addition, Dr. Reine is
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entitled to reimbursement for commuting expenses, which include all reasonable costs for his commute between his residence in New York, New York and our corporate headquarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as well as reimbursement for housing expenses in or near Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Pursuant to the Reine CEO Employment Agreement, in the event Dr. Reine is terminated by us without "Cause" or he resigns for "Good Reason" (as such terms are defined in the Reine CEO Employment Agreement), in each case subject to the delivery of and compliance with a fully effective separation agreement that shall include, without limitation, a general release of claims, reaffirmation of applicable restrictive covenants and, in our discretion, a one year non-competition agreement, Dr. Reine will be entitled to (i) an amount equal to the sum of (A) twelve (12) months of his then-current base salary plus (B) 1.0 times his target annual bonus for the then current year, in each case subject to reductions by any amount received by him pursuant to a restrictive covenant agreement, and (ii) subject to Dr. Reine's co-payment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and proper election to continue COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had he remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) twelve (12) months following his termination, (B) his eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of his COBRA health continuation period. These amounts shall be paid out in substantially equal installments in accordance with our payroll practice over a period of twelve (12) months. In addition, subject to the delivery of the fully effective separation agreement, the bonus amount (if any) that Dr. Reine would have been paid if he had remained employed through the payment date, if such termination occurs on or after January 1 but before the date bonuses are paid for the prior year to our other executives, will be paid to Dr. Reine on the date our other executives receive their bonuses.
In the event Dr. Reine is terminated by us without "Cause" or he resigns for "Good Reason", in each case within three months prior and 12 months following a "Change in Control" (as such terms are defined in the Reine CEO Employment Agreement), subject to the delivery of and compliance with a fully effective separation agreement (as described above), Dr. Reine will be entitled to the following, in lieu of the benefits above: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to the sum of (A) 18 months of his then-current base salary (or his base salary in effect immediately prior to the "Change in Control," if higher) plus (B) 1.5 times his target annual bonus for the then current year (or target in effect immediately prior to the "Change in Control," if higher), in each case subject to reductions by any amount received by him pursuant to a restrictive covenant agreement, (ii) subject to Dr. Reine's co-payment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and proper election to continue COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had he remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) 18 months from the date of his separation, (B) his eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of his COBRA health continuation period, and (iii) the bonus amount (if any) that Dr. Reine would have been paid if he had remained employed through the payment date, if such termination occurs on or after January 1 but before the date bonuses are paid for the prior year to our other executives. In addition, in the event Dr. Reine is terminated by us without Cause or he resigns for Good Reason, in each case within three months prior and 12 months following a "Change in Control," all of the then-outstanding and unvested portion of his stock options and other stock-based awards that are subject solely to time-based vesting shall become fully vested and exercisable or non-forfeitable immediately as of the date of termination, with any such performance-based awards vesting at target.
The payments and benefits provided under the Reine CEO Employment Agreement in connection with a "Change in Control" may not be eligible for federal income tax deduction for us pursuant to Section 280G of the Code. These payments and benefits may also be subject to an excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code. If the payments or benefits payable to Dr. Reine in connection with a "Change in Control" would be subject to the excise tax imposed under Section 4999 of the Code, then those payments or benefits will be reduced if such reduction would result in a higher net after-tax benefit to him.
CFO Agreement
In January 2024, we entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Reine pursuant to which we employed Dr. Reine as our former Chief Financial Officer, or the Reine CFO Employment Agreement. The agreement set forth Dr. Reine's initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally. In addition, Dr. Reine was entitled to reimbursement for commuting expenses, which include all reasonable costs for his commute between his residence in New York, New York and our corporate headquarters in Cambridge,
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Massachusetts, as well as reimbursement for housing expenses in or near Cambridge, Massachusetts, for up to $2,000 per month for 12 months from the commencement of his employment.
Keith M. Gottesdiener, M.D.
Employment Agreement
The employment agreement with Dr. Gottesdiener, or the Gottesdiener Employment Agreement, provided for at-will employment. The agreement also set forth initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally. In addition, pursuant to Amendment No. 1 to the Gottesdiener Employment Agreement, Dr. Gottesdiener was entitled to reimbursement for commuting expenses, which include all reasonable costs for his commute between his family's residence in New York, New York and our corporate headquarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Separation Agreement
In May 2025, we entered into a separation agreement with Dr. Gottesdiener, or the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement, pursuant to which Dr. Gottesdiener is entitled to receive certain severance benefits in accordance with the terms of the Gottesdiener Employment Agreement.
Pursuant to the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement, in exchange for, among other things, a release of claims, reaffirmation of applicable restrictive covenants, and a one-year non-competition agreement, Dr. Gottesdiener is entitled to (i) an amount equal to the sum of (A) 12 months of his then-current base salary plus (B) one times his target bonus (as defined in the Gottesdiener Employment Agreement) for 2025, to be paid out in substantially equal installments in accordance with our payroll practices over a period of 12 months, (ii) subject to his copayment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and his proper election to receive COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had he remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) 12 months following his termination, (B) his eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of his COBRA health continuation period.
The Gottesdiener Separation Agreement also provides that, if Dr. Gottesdiener enters into the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement, as defined and described below, with us, he will continue to vest in his outstanding unvested equity awards during the advisory period (for up to one-year following the date of separation of employment), subject to the terms of the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement, the applicable equity award agreements, and the 2019 Plan and 2022 Plan.
Consulting Agreement
In May 2025, pursuant to the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement and Gottesdiener Employment Agreement, we entered into a consulting agreement with KMG Strategic Consulting, LLC, or the KMG Consulting Agreement, a limited liability company managed by Dr. Gottesdiener, to provide for Dr. Gottesdiener's continued consulting services to us.
Pursuant to the KMG Consulting Agreement, Dr. Gottesdiener will provide advice and assistance in the area of his expertise. In exchange, we agreed to pay KMG an hourly rate of $1,000 and reimburse KMG for any pre-approved actual expenses incurred. The KMG Consulting Agreement has a term of one-year unless (i) earlier terminated by one of the parties or (ii) extended upon mutual written agreement of the parties.
Advisory Services Agreement
In May 2025, pursuant to the Gottesdiener Separation Agreement and Gottesdiener Employment Agreement, we entered into an advisory services agreement with Dr. Gottesdiener, or the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement, to retain certain non-exclusive, limited consulting and advisory services of Dr. Gottesdiener for a period of up to one year from the date of his separation.
Pursuant to the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement, Dr. Gottesdiener will provide advice and assistance in the area of his expertise. In exchange, (i) Dr. Gottesdiener will continue to vest in his outstanding, unvested equity awards
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during the term of the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement; (ii) following the termination of the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement, the post-termination exercise period for any vested stock options as of the last date of the term of the Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement will be extended to the earlier of (A) the 48 month anniversary of the last date of the term, or (B) the original expiration of such stock options, as applicable; and (iii) we agreed to reimburse Dr. Gottesdiener for any pre-approved actual expenses incurred. The Gottesdiener Advisor Agreement has a term of one-year unless earlier terminated in accordance with the terms described therein.
Ann L. Lee, Ph.D.
The employment agreement with Dr. Lee, or the Lee Employment Agreement, provides for at-will employment. The agreement also sets forth initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally. The agreement also sets forth initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally.
Pursuant to the Lee Employment Agreement, in the event Dr. Lee is terminated by us without "Cause" or she resigns for "Good Reason" (as such terms are defined in the Lee Employment Agreement), in each case subject to the delivery of and compliance with a fully effective separation agreement that shall include, without limitation, a release of claims, reaffirmation of applicable restrictive covenants and, in our discretion, a one year non-competition agreement, Dr. Lee will be entitled to (i) an amount equal to the sum of (A) nine months of her then-current base salary plus (B) 0.75 times her target annual bonus for the then current year, in each case subject to reductions by any amount received by her pursuant to a restrictive covenant agreement, and (ii) subject to Dr. Lee's co-payment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and proper election to continue COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had she remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) nine months following her termination, (B) her eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of her COBRA health continuation period. These amounts shall be paid out in substantially equal installments in accordance with our payroll practice over a period of nine months. In addition, subject to the delivery of the fully effective separation agreement, the bonus amount (if any) that Dr. Lee would have been paid if she had remained employed through the payment date, if such termination occurs on or after January 1 but before the date bonuses are paid for the prior year to our other executives, will be paid to Dr. Lee on the date our other executives receive their bonuses.
In the event Dr. Lee is terminated by us without "Cause" or she resigns for "Good Reason", in each case within 12 months following a "Change in Control" (as defined in the Lee Employment Agreement), subject to the delivery of and compliance with a fully effective separation agreement (as described above), Dr. Lee will be entitled to the following, in lieu of the benefits above: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to the sum of (A) 12 months of her then-current base salary (or her base salary in effect immediately prior to the "Change in Control," if higher) plus (B) 1.0 times her target annual bonus for the then current year (or target in effect immediately prior to the "Change in Control," if higher), in each case subject to reductions by any amount received by her pursuant to a restrictive covenant agreement, (ii) subject to Dr. Lee's co-payment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and proper election to continue COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had she remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) 12 months from the date of her separation, (B) her eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of her COBRA health continuation period, and (iii) the bonus amount (if any) that Dr. Lee would have been paid if she had remained employed through the payment date, if such termination occurs on or after January 1 but before the date bonuses are paid for the prior year to our other executives. In addition, in the event Dr. Lee is terminated by us without Cause or she resigns for Good Reason, in each case within 12 months following a "Change in Control" (as defined in the Lee Employment Agreement), all of the then-outstanding and unvested portion of her stock options and other stock-based awards that (i) are subject solely to time-based vesting or (ii) were granted to Dr. Lee prior to the effective date of the Lee Employment Agreement and are subject to performance-based vesting shall become fully vested and exercisable or non-forfeitable immediately as of the date of termination, with any such performance-based awards vesting at target.
The payments and benefits provided under the Lee Employment Agreement in connection with a "Change in Control" may not be eligible for federal income tax deduction for us pursuant to Section 280G of the Code. These payments and benefits may also be subject to an excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code. If the payments or benefits payable to Dr. Lee in connection with a "Change in Control" would be subject to the excise tax imposed
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under Section 4999 of the Code, then those payments or benefits will be reduced if such reduction would result in a higher net after-tax benefit to her.
Jeremy Duffield, M.D. Ph.D., FRCP
Employment Agreement
The employment agreement with Dr. Duffield, or the Duffield Employment Agreement, provided for at-will employment. The agreement also set forth his initial base salary, initial annual target bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans generally.
Separation Agreement
In July 2025, Dr. Duffield entered into a Separation Agreement with us, or the Duffield Separation Agreement, pursuant to which Dr. Duffield is entitled to receive certain severance benefits in accordance with the terms of the Duffield Employment Agreement.
Pursuant to the Duffield Separation Agreement, in exchange for, among other things, a release of claims, reaffirmation of applicable restrictive covenants, and a one-year noncompetition agreement, Dr. Duffield is entitled to (i) an amount equal to the sum of (A) nine months of his then-current base salary plus (B) 0.75 his target bonus (as defined in the Duffield Employment Agreement) for 2025, to be paid out in substantially equal installments in accordance with our payroll practices over a period of nine months, (ii) subject to his copayment of premium amounts at the applicable active employees' rate and his proper election to receive COBRA health coverage, payment of the portion of the premium equal to the amount we would have paid to provide health insurance had he remained employed by us until the earliest of (A) 12 months following his termination, (B) his eligibility for group medical plan benefits under any other employer's group medical plan or (C) the end of his COBRA health continuation period.
The Duffield Separation Agreement also provides that his service relationship for the purposes of vesting in any of the Company's outstanding unvested stock options ends on the later of (i) the date his employment terminated, or (ii) the termination of a consulting agreement entered into between Dr. Duffield and us in July 2025, or the Duffield Consulting Agreement. The Duffield Separation Agreement further provides that upon the termination of the Duffield Consulting Agreement, any and all stock options held by him that are outstanding and vested shall be exercisable until the date that is four months following the termination of the Duffield Consulting Agreement. In July 2025, our compensation committee approved an extension of the post-termination exercise period for such options until 12 months following March 31, 2026, the original termination date of the Duffield Consulting Agreement.
Consulting Agreement
In July 2025, Dr. Duffield entered into the Duffield Consulting Agreement with us, pursuant to which Dr. Duffield will provide advice and assistance in the area of his expertise. In exchange, we agreed to pay Dr. Duffield an hourly rate of $600 and reimburse him for any pre-approved actual expenses incurred. The Duffield Consulting Agreement was amended in March 2026 to extend the termination date to September 30, 2026, unless (i) earlier terminated by one of the parties or (ii) extended upon mutual written agreement of the parties.
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Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2025 with respect to the shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans:
Plan category Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in first column)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
Stock options (1) (2) 17,966,867 $ 3.76 7,891,263
2022 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (3) (4) - - 1,522,025
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders - - -
Total 17,966,867 $ 3.76 9,413,288
1.Number of shares to be issued pursuant to outstanding options includes 15,637,303 stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of $3.76 outstanding under our 2019 Plan and our 2022 Plan, 2,029,564 performance-based stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of $4.10 under our 2019 Plan and our 2022 Plan, and 300,000 market-based stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of $1.34 under our 2022 Plan.
2.Shares of our common stock available for future issuance as of December 31, 2025 pursuant to the 2022 Plan excludes the 9,025,700 shares that were added to the plan as a result of the automatic annual increase on January 1, 2026. The 2022 Plan provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the 2022 Plan will automatically increase on January 1, 2023 and each January 1 thereafter, by five percent of the outstanding number of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 or such lesser number of shares as determined by the compensation committee. The Company no longer makes grants under the 2019 Plan. The shares of common stock underlying any awards under the 2022 Plan and the 2019 Plan that are forfeited, cancelled, held back upon exercise or settlement of an award to satisfy the exercise price or tax withholding, reacquired by the Company prior to vesting, satisfied without the issuance of stock, expire or are otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) will be added back to the shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2022 Plan.
3.Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights excludes purchase rights accruing under the 2022 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended from time to time, or the 2022 ESPP, because the purchase rights (and, therefore, the number of shares to be purchased) will not be determined until the end of the offering period, which will occur after December 31, 2025.
4.Shares of our common stock available for future issuance as of December 31, 2025 pursuant to the 2022 ESPP includes shares that are expected to be issued at the close of the ESPP offering period that was ongoing at December 31, 2025, as the exact number of shares to be issued will not be known until the end of the offering period, which will occur after December 31, 2025. The 2022 ESPP provides that the number of shares common stock that may be issued under the 2022 ESPP plan shall cumulatively increase beginning on January 1, 2023 and each January 1 thereafter through January 1, 2032, by the least of (i) 971,350 shares of common stock, (ii) one percent of the outstanding number of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 or (iii) such number of shares of common stock as determined by the administrator of the 2022 ESPP. The Company did not add shares to the 2022 ESPP on January 1, 2026.
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REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The information contained in this report shall not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or "filed" or incorporated by reference in future filings with the SEC, or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into a document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, or the Exchange Act.
We operate in accordance with a written charter adopted by our Board and reviewed annually by the audit committee. We are responsible for overseeing the quality and integrity of the Company's accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices. In accordance with the rules of the SEC and Nasdaq, the audit committee is composed entirely of members who are independent, as defined by the listing standards of Nasdaq and the Company's Corporate Governance Guidelines. Further, our Board has determined that Michael Kelly is an audit committee financial expert as defined by the rules of the SEC.
The audit committee met four times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 with the Company's management and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, including, but not limited to, to review and discussion of the Company's quarterly financial statements and related disclosures, and the inclusion of the Company's audited financial statements in the Company's Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.
We believe that we fully discharged our oversight responsibilities as described in our charter, including with respect to the audit process. We reviewed and discussed our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 with management and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Management has the responsibility for the preparation of the Company's financial statements, and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has the responsibility for the audit of those statements. The audit committee discussed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP the matters required to be discussed by Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, Auditing Standard No. 1301 and the SEC regarding the independent registered public accounting firm's communications with the audit committee concerning independence. We received the written disclosures and the letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP pursuant to Rule 3526, Communication with Audit Committees Concerning Independence, of the PCAOB concerning any relationships between PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and the Company and the potential effects of any disclosed relationships on PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP's independence, and discussed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP its independence. We reviewed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP their audit plans, audit scope, identification of audit risks and their audit efforts, and discussed and reviewed the results of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP's examination of the Company's financial statements both with and without management.
Based on these reviews and discussions with management and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, we approved the inclusion of the Company's audited financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 for filing with the SEC. We also have selected PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026, subject to ratification by the Company's stockholders.
April 23, 2026
Members of the audit committee
Michael Kelly, Chair
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D.
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS
Other than the compensation arrangements for our NEOs and our directors described elsewhere in this proxy statement under "Executive Compensation" and "Director Compensation," set forth below is a description of transactions or series of transactions since January 1, 2024, to which we were or will be a party, and in which:
•the amount involved in the transaction exceeds, or will exceed, $120,000 (or, if less, 1% of the average of our total asset amounts at December 31, 2024 and 2025); and
•in which any of our executive officers, directors or holder of five percent or more of any class of our capital stock, including their immediate family members or affiliated entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Participation in our Follow-on Public Offerings
Our 5% stockholders, their affiliates, and certain affiliated entities affiliated with our directors purchased an aggregate of (i) 7,200,000 shares of our common stock in our follow-on public offering in February 2024 at the public offering price, and (ii) an aggregate of 4,545,455 shares of our common stock in our follow-on public offering in August 2025 at the public offering price. The following table sets forth the number of shares of our common stock purchased by our 5% stockholders, their affiliates, and certain affiliated entities affiliated with our directors and the aggregate purchase price paid for such shares.
Stockholder(1)
Shares of common stock Total purchase price
February 2024 follow-on public offering
GV 2023, L.P. (2)
3,200,000 $ 20,000,000
Entities affiliated with ARCH Venture Partners (3)
3,200,000 $ 20,000,000
Newpath Partners, L.P. (4)
800,000 $ 5,000,000
August 2025 follow-on public offering
Entities affiliated with ARCH Venture Partners (3)
3,030,303 $ 9,999,990
GV 2021, L.P. (2)
1,515,152 $ 5,000,002
1.Additional details regarding certain of these investors and their equity holdings are provided in this proxy statement under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management."
2.David Schenkein serves as a member of our Board and is an affiliate of GV, of which GV 2021, L.P. and GV 2023, L.P. are affiliated funds. Entities affiliated with GV collectively hold more than five percent of our voting securities.
3.Robert Nelsen serves as a member of our Board and is an affiliate of ARCH Venture Partners, of which ARCH Venture Fund X Overage, L.P., ARCH Venture Fund X, L.P., and ARCH Venture Fund XII, L.P. are affiliated funds. Entities affiliated with ARCH Venture Partners collectively hold more than five percent of our voting securities.
4.Thomas Cahill serves as a member of our Board and is an affiliate of Newpath Partners, of which Newpath Partners, L.P. is an affiliated fund.
Agreements with BMS
Research Collaboration and License Agreement
In September 2024, we entered into a research collaboration and license agreement, or the BMS Collaboration Agreement, with Juno. BMS became a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our voting securities as a result of this transaction. Pursuant to the BMS Collaboration Agreement, we granted to BMS an exclusive worldwide license to certain Prime Editing technology for developing, manufacturing and commercializing ex vivo T-cell therapeutic products directed to select targets. Under the BMS Collaboration Agreement, we received a $55.0 million upfront payment and received a $55.0 million equity investment from BMS (as described below). We are also eligible to receive more than $3.5 billion in milestones, including up to $185.0 million in preclinical milestones, up to $1.2
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billion in development milestones, and up to $2.1 billion in commercialization milestones, along with royalties on net sales.
Unless earlier terminated, the term of the BMS Collaboration Agreement continues until expiration of the last royalty term for the applicable product in the applicable country. The BMS Collaboration Agreement is subject to customary termination provisions, including termination by a party for the other party's uncured, material breach.
Stock Purchase Agreement
In September 2024, we entered into a stock purchase agreement with BMS, or the BMS Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell, and BMS agreed to purchase, 11,006,163 shares of our common stock, or the BMS Shares, for an aggregate purchase price of $55.0 million pursuant to the terms and conditions thereof. Pursuant to the terms of the BMS Purchase Agreement, BMS has agreed not to, directly or indirectly, sell or transfer any of the BMS Shares until September 30, 2027, subject to specified conditions and exceptions. In addition, we agreed, among other things, to file with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale of the BMS Shares and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective on or prior to 90 calendar days after closing. We filed the registration statement on Form S-3 covering the resale of the BMS Shares with the SEC on December 13, 2024, which became effective on December 20, 2024.
We have also agreed to customary indemnification obligations under the BMS Purchase Agreement.
Advisory Services Agreement with Jeffrey D. Marrazzo
Pursuant to an advisory services agreement with Jeffrey D. Marrazzo, a member of our Board, or the Marrazzo Agreement, dated February 29, 2024, Mr. Marrazzo agreed to provide certain professional services to the Company separate from and in addition to his service as a member of our Board, and we agreed to pay Mr. Marrazzo an annual fee of $50,000 per year in addition to the grant of an option to purchase 250,000 shares of the Company's common stock.
The Marrazzo Agreement expired in February 2025. From January 1, 2024 through the termination date, we paid Mr. Marrazzo $50,000 and granted Mr. Marrazzo 250,000 stock options under the Marrazzo Agreement.
Executive Chair Agreement with Jeffrey D. Marrazzo
Pursuant to an executive chair agreement with Jeffrey D. Marrazzo, a member of our Board, or the Executive Chair Agreement, dated May 19, 2025, Mr. Marrazzo agreed to provide services as the executive chair of our Board, and we agreed to pay Mr. Marrazzo an annual fee of $100,000 per year in addition to the grant of options to purchase a total of 1,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock consisting of (i) a time-based option to purchase 500,000 shares, (ii) a performance-based option to purchase 200,000 shares, and (iii) a stock price-based option to purchase 300,000 shares.
The Executive Chair Agreement will continue indefinitely until terminated in accordance with its terms. If the Executive Chair Agreement is terminated between six-months and one-year of its effective date, a minimum of 250,000 shares subject to the time-based option will vest.
In the event of a Sale Event (as defined in the 2022 Plan), all of the then-outstanding and unvested portions of the time-based option, 50% of the then-outstanding and unvested portions of the performance-based option, and any of the then-outstanding and unvested portions of the stock price-based option for which the applicable stock-price milestone has been satisfied in connection with the Sale Event, will become vested and exercisable.
Settlement Agreement with Myeloid
In December 2021, we entered into a research collaboration and exclusive option agreement, or the Myeloid Collaboration Agreement, with Myeloid, during which time we and Myeloid had one common board member, Dr. Cahill, who is also an affiliate of Newpath Partners, L.P. and holds more than 30% of Myeloid's voting securities. In 2023, we terminated the Myeloid Collaboration Agreement.
In January 2024, we entered into a settlement agreement, or the Settlement Agreement, with Myeloid resolving two arbitration proceedings. Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, the parties agreed to resolve and settle all disputes between the parties and release all claims between them relating to the Myeloid Collaboration Agreement
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and the arbitrations in exchange for our payment to Myeloid of $13.5 million, certain mutual covenants, and other consideration. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a charge of $13.5 million, and paid the $13.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Indemnification Agreements
We have entered into agreements to indemnify our directors and executive officers. These agreements, among other things, require us to indemnify these individuals for certain expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts reasonably incurred by such person in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in our right, on account of any services undertaken by such person on behalf of our company or that person's status as a member of our Board or our executive officer to the maximum extent allowed under Delaware law.
Policies for Approval of Related Party Transactions
Our Board reviews and approves transactions with directors, officers and holders of 5 percent or more of our voting securities and their affiliates, each a related party. The material facts as to the related party's relationship or interest in the transaction were disclosed to our Board prior to their consideration of such transaction, and the transaction was not considered approved by our Board unless a majority of the directors who are not interested in the transaction approved the transaction. Further, when stockholders were entitled to vote on a transaction with a related party, the material facts of the related party's relationship or interest in the transaction were disclosed to the stockholders, who were obligated to approve the transaction in good faith.
We adopted a written related party transactions policy that provides that such transactions must be approved by our audit committee. Pursuant to this policy, the audit committee has the primary responsibility for reviewing and approving or disapproving "related party transactions," which are transactions between us and related persons in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed $120,000 and in which a related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. In reviewing any such proposal, our audit committee or other committee of independent directors are to consider the relevant facts of the transaction, including the risks, costs and benefits to us and whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable than terms generally available to an unaffiliated third party under the same or similar circumstances. For purposes of this policy, a related person is defined as a director, executive officer, nominee for director, or greater than 5 percent beneficial owner of our common stock, in each case since the beginning of the most recently completed year, and their immediate family members.
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PROPOSAL 2-RATIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We are asking our stockholders to ratify our audit committee's appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has served as our independent registered public accounting firm since 2021.
Our audit committee annually reviews our independent registered public accounting firm's independence, including reviewing all relationships between our independent registered public accounting firm and us and any disclosed relationships or services that may affect the objectivity and independence of our independent registered public accounting firm, and our independent registered public accounting firm's performance. Although ratification is not required by our Bylaws or otherwise, our Board is submitting the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to our stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate practice. If the appointment is not ratified, our audit committee will consider whether it is appropriate to select another independent registered public accounting firm. Even if the appointment is ratified, our audit committee in its discretion may appoint a different registered public accounting firm at any time during the year if the audit committee determines that such a change would be in the best interests of our Company and our stockholders.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP served as independent registered public accounting firm for our Company with respect to the audit of the Company's consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 and has been engaged by our audit committee to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026. Representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP will be present at the Annual Meeting, will have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so, and will be available to respond to appropriate questions from stockholders.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The aggregate fees billed by categories of services are as follows for each of the years ended December 31:
Fee Category 2025 2024
Audit Fees (1) $ 970,000 $ 1,092,000
Audit-Related Fees - -
Tax Fees - -
All Other Fees (2) 2,125 2,125
Total Fees $ 972,125 $ 1,094,125
1.Audit Fees consist of fees billed for professional services performed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, the review of interim consolidated financial statements, review of the registration statements on Form S-3 and Form S-8, comfort letters issued for financings, and related services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.
2.All other fees consist of database subscription fees.
Pre-Approval by Audit Committee of Principal Accountant Services
Our audit committee (or a subcommittee delegated to it by the audit committee) approves in advance all services proposed to be performed for our Company or its subsidiaries by any independent registered public accounting firm that performs (or proposes to perform) audit, review or attest services for our Company or its subsidiaries.
Required Vote of Stockholders
Ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes properly cast on the proposal. Abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on this proposal.
THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THE PROPOSAL TO RATIFY PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
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ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2026, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY OUR BOARD WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR THEREOF, UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER HAS INDICATED OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.
(PROPOSAL 2 ON YOUR NOTICE OR PROXY CARD).
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information, as of March 31, 2026, unless otherwise indicated, regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock for (i) stockholders who beneficially owned more than 5% of our common stock, (ii) each of our directors and NEOs, and (iii) all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
The number of shares beneficially owned by each stockholder is determined under rules issued by the SEC. Under these rules, a person is deemed to be a "beneficial" owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power or investment power, which includes the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of such security. Except as indicated in the footnotes below, we believe, based on the information furnished to us, that the individuals and entities named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them, subject to any applicable community property laws.
In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by an individual or entity, shares of common stock subject to options, warrants, restricted stock units or other rights held by such person that are currently exercisable or have vested or that will become exercisable or will have vested within 60 days of March 31, 2026 are considered outstanding, although these shares are not considered outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. On March 31, 2026, there were 180,615,514 shares of our common stock outstanding. Unless noted otherwise, the address of all listed stockholders is c/o Prime Medicine, Inc., 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141.
Shares of Common Stock
Beneficially Owned 		Percentage of Shares
Beneficially Owned
5% or Greater Stockholders
David Liu (1) 20,334,460 11.26 %
Entities affiliated with ARCH Venture Partners (2) 18,486,894 10.24 %
Entities affiliated with GV (3) 16,562,498 9.17 %
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (4) 11,006,163 6.09 %
Directors and Named Executive Officers
Allan Reine, M.D. (5) 1,392,187 *
Keith Gottesdiener, M.D. (6) 5,388,084 2.98 %
Ann Lee, Ph.D. (7) 1,174,448 *
Jeremy Duffield, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP (8) 1,308,346 *
Thomas Cahill, M.D., Ph.D. (9) 84,062 *
Wendy Chung, M.D., Ph.D. (9) 106,578 *
Kaye Foster (9) 106,578 *
Michael Kelly (9) 106,578 *
Jeffrey D. Marrazzo (9) 637,000 *
Robert Nelsen (2) (10) 18,587,036 10.29 %
David Schenkein (9) 84,062 *
All executive officers and directors as a group (11 persons) 28,974,959 16.04 %
* Less than one percent.
1.Consists of: (a) 20,240,945 shares of common stock, and (b) 93,515 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026.
2.Information herein is based on Schedule 13D/A filed with the SEC on August 11, 2025 by (1) ARCH Venture Fund X, L.P., or AVF X, (2) ARCH Venture Partners X, L.P., or AVP X LP, which is the sole general partner of AVF X, (3) ARCH Venture Partners X, LLC, or AVP X LLC, which is the sole general partner of AVP X LP and AVP X Overage LP (defined below), (4) ARCH Venture Fund X Overage, L.P., or AVF X Overage, (5) ARCH Venture Partners X Overage, L.P., or AVP X Overage LP, which is the sole general partner of AVF X Overage, (6) ARCH Venture Fund XII, L.P., or AVF XII, (7) ARCH Venture Partners XII, L.P., or AVP XII
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LP, which is the sole general partner of AVF XII, (8) ARCH Venture Partners XII, LLC, or AVP XII LLC, which is the sole general partner of AVP XII LP, (9) Keith Crandell, or Crandell, (10) Robert Nelsen, or Nelsen, a member of our Board, (11) Kristina Burow, or Burow, and (12) Steven Gillis, or Gillis, and together with Nelsen, Crandell and Burow, referred to individually as Committee Member or collectively as either the AVP X Investment Committee Members or the AVP XII Investment Committee Members. Each of the individuals and entities above shall be referred to herein as an "ARCH Reporting Person" and collectively as the ARCH Reporting Persons. AVP X LP and AVP X Overage LP may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by AVF X and AVF X Overage, respectively; AVP X LLC may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by AVF X; AVP XII LP may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by AVF XII; AVP XII LLC may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by AVF XII; and each of the Committee Members may be deemed to share the power to direct the disposition and vote of the shares held by AVF X, AVF X Overage and AVF XII. The ARCH Reporting Persons each disclaims beneficial ownership except to any pecuniary interest therein.
Consists of: (a) 6,128,297 shares of common stock held by AVF X, (b) 6,128,297 shares of common stock held by AVF X Overage, and (c) 6,230,300 shares of common stock held by AVF XII.
The address of all entities and individuals referenced in this footnote is 8755 W. Higgins Road, Suite 1025, Chicago, IL 60631.
3.Information herein is based on Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on November 12, 2025 by GV 2019, L.P., GV 2019 GP, L.P., GV 2019 GP, L.L.C., GV 2021, L.P., GV 2021 GP, L.P., GV 2021 GP, L.L.C., GV 2023, L.P., GV 2023 GP, L.P., GV 2023 GP, L.L.C., Alphabet Holdings LLC, XXVI Holdings Inc. and Alphabet Inc. Consists of: (a) 10,100,058 shares of common stock held by GV 2019, L.P., or GV 2019, (b) 3,262,440 shares of common stock held by GV 2021, L.P., or GV 2021, and (c) 3,200,000 shares of common stock held by GV 2023, L.P., or GV 2023.
The general partner of the GV 2019, L.P., or the 2019 Partnership, is GV 2019 GP, L.P., or 2019 GP. The general partner of 2019 GP is GV 2019 GP, L.L.C., or 2019 LLC. The sole member of 2019 LLC is Alphabet Holdings LLC, or Alphabet Holdings. The sole member of Alphabet Holdings is XXVI Holdings Inc., or XXVI. The controlling stockholder of XXVI is Alphabet Inc. (Alphabet Inc., together with 2019 GP, 2019 LLC, Alphabet Holdings, and XXVI may be collectively referred to as the 2019 Partnership Affiliates. Each of the 2019 Partnership Affiliates may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) the securities directly beneficially owned by the 2019 Partnership.
The general partner of the GV 2021, L.P., or the 2021 Partnership is GV 2021 GP, L.P., or 2021 GP. The general partner of 2021 GP is GV 2021 GP, L.L.C., or 2021 LLC. The sole member of 2021 LLC is Alphabet Holdings. The sole member of Alphabet Holdings is XXVI. The controlling stockholder of XXVI is Alphabet Inc. (Alphabet Inc., together with 2021 GP, 2021 LLC, Alphabet Holdings, and XXVI may be referred to as the 2021 Partnership Affiliates). Each of the 2021 Partnership Affiliates may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) the securities directly beneficially owned by the 2021 Partnership.
The general partner of the GV 2023, L.P., or the 2023 Partnership is GV 2023 GP, L.P., or 2023 GP. The general partner of 2023 GP is GV 2023 GP, L.L.C., or 2023 LLC. The sole member of 2023 LLC is Alphabet Holdings. The sole member of Alphabet Holdings is XXVI. The controlling stockholder of XXVI is Alphabet Inc. (Alphabet Inc., together with 2023 GP, 2023 LLC, Alphabet Holdings, and XXVI may be referred to as the 2023 Partnership Affiliates. Each of the 2023 Partnership Affiliates may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) the securities directly beneficially owned by the 2023 Partnership.
The principal business address for all entities referenced in this footnote is 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043.
4.Information herein is based on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on October 4, 2024 by BMS. The address of BMS is Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543.
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5.Consists of: (a) 125,000 shares of common stock held by Dr. Reine, and (b) 1,267,187 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026.
6.Information herein is based solely on Form 4 filed with the SEC on October 10, 2024 by the Company on behalf of Dr. Gottesdiener and on the Company's records. Dr. Gottesdiener shareholdings consists of: (a) 2,310,837 shares of common stock held by Dr. Gottesdiener, (b) 50,241 shares of common stock held by Dr. Gottesdiener's spouse, (c) 682,259 shares of common stock held by the Coolidge GST Trust-2022, or the Coolidge Trust Shares, and (d) 1,317,741 shares of common stock held by the Gottesdiener Family GST Trust, or the Gottesdiener Family Trust Shares. Dr. Gottesdiener disclaims beneficial ownership of the Coolidge Trust Shares and the Gottesdiener Family Trust Shares. In addition, this is also inclusive of 1,027,006 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026. Dr. Gottesdiener's employment with us ceased on May 18, 2025.
7.Consists of: (a) 100,000 shares of common stock held by Dr. Lee, and (b) 1,074,448 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026.
8.Information herein is based solely on Form 4 filed with the SEC on October 19, 2022 by the Company on behalf of Dr. Duffield and on the Company's records. Dr. Duffield directly holds 965,001 shares of common stock. In addition, this is also inclusive of 343,345 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026. Dr. Duffield's employment with us ceased on July 15, 2025.
9.Consists entirely of shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026.
10.Consists of: (a) 84,062 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2026 and (b) 16,080 shares of common stock held by a trust for the benefit of Mr. Nelsen's family members.
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GENERAL MATTERS
Stockholder Proposals for 2027 Annual Meeting
Requirements for Stockholder Proposals to be Considered for Inclusion in our Proxy Materials. To be considered for inclusion in next year's proxy statement, stockholder proposals pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act must be received by our Secretary, at Prime Medicine, Inc. no later than December 24, 2026, which is 120 days prior to April 23, 2027. Stockholder proposals should be addressed to 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141.
Requirements for Stockholder Proposals or Director Nominations to be Brought Before an Annual Meeting. Our Bylaws provide that, for stockholder nominations to our Board or other proposals to be considered at an annual meeting, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary, Prime Medicine, Inc. Stockholder nominations should be addressed to the Secretary, Prime Medicine, Inc., 60 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02141. To be timely for the 2027 annual meeting, the stockholder's notice must be delivered to or mailed and received by us not before February 5, 2027 or after March 7, 2027, which is not more than one hundred twenty (120) days, and not less than ninety (90) days before the anniversary date of the preceding annual meeting, except that if the 2027 annual meeting of stockholders is more than thirty (30) days before or sixty (60) days after the anniversary date of the previous year's annual meeting, we must receive the notice not later than ninety (90) days prior to the annual meeting date or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of the annual meeting is first made. Such notice must provide the information required by our Bylaws with respect to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the 2027 annual meeting.
In addition, to comply with the universal proxy rules, stockholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Company's nominees must provide notice by the same deadline noted herein to submit a notice of nomination at an annual meeting of stockholders. Such notice must comply with the additional requirements of Rule 14a-19(b).
Annual Report
Upon written request, the Company will provide without charge to each stockholder who does not otherwise receive a copy of our Company's annual report to stockholders a copy of our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC, except for exhibits.
Please address all requests to:
Prime Medicine, Inc.
Attn: Secretary
60 First Street
Cambridge, MA 02141
Householding of Proxy Materials
SEC rules concerning the delivery of annual disclosure documents allow us or your broker to send a single notice or, if applicable, a single set of our proxy materials to any household at which two or more of our stockholders reside, if we or your broker believe that the stockholders are members of the same family, unless we have received contrary instructions from one or more of the stockholders. This practice, referred to as "householding," benefits both you and us. It reduces the volume of duplicate information received at your household and helps to reduce our expenses. The rule applies to our notices, annual reports, proxy statements and information statements.
We will undertake to deliver promptly, upon written or oral request, a separate copy to a stockholder at a shared address to which a single copy of the notice or proxy materials was delivered. You may make a written or oral request by sending a notification to our Secretary at the address above, providing your name, your shared address, and the address to which we should direct the additional copy of the notice or proxy materials. Multiple stockholders sharing an address who have received one copy of a mailing and would prefer us to mail each stockholder a separate copy of future mailings should contact us at our principal executive offices. Additionally, if current stockholders with a shared address received multiple copies of a mailing and would prefer us to mail one copy of future mailings to stockholders at the shared address, notification of that request may also be made through our principal executive
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offices. Stockholders who participate in householding will continue to have access to and utilize separate proxy voting instructions.
Where You Can Find More Information
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public from commercial document retrieval services and at the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov. You may also access any document we file with the SEC on our website at or in the "SEC Filings" tab of the "Investor Center" section of our website at www.primemedicine.com. The inclusion of our website address in this proxy statement does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this proxy statement, and you should not consider that information a part of this proxy statement.
You should rely on the information contained in this document to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different from what is contained in this document. This document is dated April 23, 2026. You should not assume that the information contained in this document is accurate as of any date other than that date, and the provision of this document to stockholders at any time after that date does not create an implication to the contrary. This proxy statement does not constitute a solicitation of a proxy in any jurisdiction where, or to or from any person to whom, it is unlawful to make such proxy solicitations in such jurisdiction.
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Prime Medicine Inc. published this content on April 23, 2026, and is solely responsible for the information contained herein. Distributed via EDGAR on April 23, 2026 at 12:36 UTC. If you believe the information included in the content is inaccurate or outdated and requires editing or removal, please contact us at [email protected]