Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending September 30, 2025 (Form 10-Q)

General

The Company's results of operations are primarily dependent on the results of Home Federal Bank (the "Bank"), its wholly owned subsidiary. The Bank's results of operations depend, to a large extent, on net interest income, which is the difference between the income earned on its loan and investment portfolios and the cost of funds, consisting of the interest paid on deposits and borrowings. Results of operations are also affected by provisions for loan losses and loan sale activities. Non-interest expense principally consists of compensation and employee benefits, office occupancy and equipment expense, data processing, and other expenses. Our results of operations are also significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in interest rates, government policies, and actions of regulatory authorities. Future changes in applicable law, regulations, or government policies may materially impact our financial condition and results of operations.

The Bank operates from its main office in Shreveport, Louisiana and ten full-service branch offices located in Shreveport, Bossier City, Benton and Minden, Louisiana. The Company's primary market area is the Shreveport-Bossier City-Minden combined statistical area.

Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting and financial reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and to general practices within the banking industry. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements require certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions, which are believed to be reasonable, based upon the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the periods presented. Critical accounting policies comprise those that management believes are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These policies require numerous estimates or economic assumptions that may prove inaccurate or may be subject to variations which may significantly affect our reported results and financial condition for the period or in future periods.

There were no changes made to the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Allowance for Credit Losses. The Company has identified the calculation of the allowance for credit losses as a critical accounting policy, due to the higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies.

Income Taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences between the book and tax basis of the various assets and liabilities and gives current recognition to changes in tax rates and laws. The realization of our deferred tax assets principally depends upon our achieving projected future taxable income. We may change our judgments regarding future profitability due to future market conditions and other factors. We may adjust our deferred tax asset balances, if our judgments change.

Discussion of Financial Condition Changes from June 30, 2025 to September 30, 2025

General

At September 30, 2025, the Company reported total assets of $622.630 million, an increase of $13.138 million, or 2.2%, compared to total assets of $609.492 million at June 30, 2025. The increase in assets resulted from increases in cash and cash equivalents of $9.145 million, or 52.7%, from 17.347 million at June 30, 2025 to $26.492 million at September 30, 2025, net loans receivable of $3.352 million, or 0.7%, from $461.004 million at June 30, 2025 to $464.356 million at September 30, 2025, investment securities of $1.547 million, or 1.6%, from $96.230 million at June 30, 2025 to $97.777 million at September 30, 2025, bank owned life insurance of $28,000, or 0.4%, from $6.926 million at June 30, 2025 to $6.954 million at September 30, 2025, and accrued interest receivable of $18,000, or 1.0%, from $1.836 million at June 30, 2025 to $1.854 million at September 30, 2025, partially offset by decreases in premises and equipment, net, of $258,000, or 1.5%, from $17.266 million at June 30, 2025 to $17.008 million at September 30, 2025, loans-held-for-sale of $224,000, or 14.5%, from $1.540 million at June 30, 2025 to $1.316 million at September 30, 2025, real estate owned of $187,000, or 19.3% from $970,000 at June 30, 2025 to $783,000 at September 30, 2025, deferred tax asset of $120,000, or 10.3%, from $1.163 million at June 30, 2025 to $1.043 million at September 30, 2025, other assets of $96,000, or 7.4%, from $1.305 million at June 30, 2025 to $1.209 million at September 30, 2025, and core deposit intangible of $67,000, or 7.3%, from $915,000 at June 30, 2025 to $848,000 at September 30, 2025.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents increased $9.145 million, or 52.7%, from $17.347 million at June 30, 2025 to $26.492 million at September 30, 2025. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was primarily due to increases in deposits.

Loans Receivable, Net

Loans receivable, net, increased by $3.352 million, or 0.7%, to $464.356 million at September 30, 2025 compared to $461.004 million at June 30, 2025. The increase in loans receivable, net was primarily due to increases in land loans of $12.237 million, multi-family residential loans of $1.189 million, commercial real estate loans of $1.099 million, equity and second mortgage loans of $216,000, and equity line-of-credit loans of $140,000, partially offset by decreases in construction loans of $6.170 million, one-to-four-family residential loans of $3.425 million, commercial non-real estate loans of $1.824 million, and consumer loans of $218,000.

Loans Held-for-Sale

Loans held-for-sale decreased $224,000, from $1.540 million at June 30, 2025 to $1.316 million at September 30, 2025.

Investment Securities

Investment securities amounted to $97.777 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $96.230 million at June 30, 2025, an increase of $1.547 million, or 1.6%. The increase in investment securities was primarily due to security purchases of $4.386 million and a $501,000 decrease in market value losses on available-for-sale securities, partially offset by $3.425 million principal repayments on mortgage backed securities.

Discussion of Financial Condition Changes from June 30, 2025 to September 30, 2025 (continued)

Premises and Equipment, Net

Premises and equipment, net decreased $258,000, or 1.5%, to $17.008 million at September 30, 2025 compared to $17.266 million at June 30, 2025.

Asset Quality

At September 30, 2025, the Company had $2.225 million of non-performing assets (defined as non-accruing loans, accruing loans 90 days or more past due, and other real estate owned) compared to $3.305 million of non-performing assets at June 30, 2025, consisting of seven one-to-four family residential loans, three home equity loans, one commercial non-real estate loan, one land loan, and one single-family residence in other real estate owned at September 30, 2025, compared to six one-to-four family residential loans, two home equity loans, three commercial non-real estate loans, two commercial real estate loans and one single-family residences in other real estate owned at June 30, 2025. At September 30, 2025 the Company had ten one-to-four family residential loans, three home equity loans, three commercial non-real estate loans, one commercial real estate loans, one land loan and one consumer loan classified as substandard, compared to eight one-to-four family residential loans, five commercial non-real estate loans, two home equity loans, two commercial real estate loans and one consumer loan classified as substandard at June 30, 2025. There were no loans classified as doubtful at September 30, 2025 or June 30, 2025.

Total Liabilities

Total liabilities increased $11.752 million, or 2.1%, from $554.287 million at June 30, 2025 to $566.039 million at September 30, 2025. The increase in liabilities resulted from increases in total deposits of $10.898 million, or 2.0%, from $546.290 million at June 30, 2025 to $557.188 million at September 30, 2025, other accrued expenses and liabilities of $610,000, or 17.7%, from $3.454 million at June 30, 2025 to $4.064 million at September 30, 2025, and advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance of $244,000, or 44.9%, from $543,000 at June 30, 2025 to $787,000 at September 30, 2025. The increase in deposits resulted from increases in certificates of deposit of $12.917 million, or 6.9%, from $187.357 million at June 30, 2025 to $200.274 million at September 30, 2025, non-interest deposits of $5.025 million, or 4.1%, from $122.416 million at June 30, 2025 to $127.441 million at September 30, 2025, and NOW accounts of $1.670 million, or 2.5%, from $67.119 million at June 30, 2025 to $68.789 million at September 30, 2025, partially offset by decreases in money market deposits of $4.848 million, or 6.6%, from $73.771 million at June 30, 2025 to $68.923 million at September 30, 2025, and savings deposits of $3.866 million, or 4.0%, from $95.627 million at June 30, 2025 to $91.761 million at September 30, 2025. The Company had no balances in brokered deposits at September 30, 2025 or June 30, 2025.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' equity increased $1.386 million, or 2.5%, from $55.205 million at June 30, 2025 to $56.591 million at September 30, 2025. The increase in stockholders' equity resulted from net income for the quarter ended September 30, 2025 of $1.599 million, a decrease in the Company's accumulated other comprehensive loss of $395,000, the vesting of restricted stock awards, stock options, and the release of employee stock ownership plan shares totaling $63,000, and proceeds from the issuance of common stock from the exercise of stock options of $23,000, partially offset by dividends paid totaling $415,000, and stock repurchases of $279,000.

Discussion of Financial Condition Changes from June 30, 2025 to September 30, 2025 (continued)

Regulatory Capital

The Bank is required to meet minimum capital standards promulgated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"). At September 30, 2025, Home Federal Bank's regulatory capital was well in excess of the minimum capital requirements. At September 30, 2025, Home Federal Bank exceeded each of its capital requirements with common equity tier 1, tier 1 capital, total capital, leverage, and tangible capital ratios of 13.33%, 13.33%, 14.35%, 9.35%, and 9.35%, respectively.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

General

The increase in net income for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, resulted from an increase of $834,000, or 18.8%, in net interest income, an increase of $350,000, or 116.7%, in non-interest income, a decrease of $160,000, or 4.0%, in non-interest expense, partially offset by an increase of $420,000 in the provision for income taxes, and an increase of $266,000, or 119.3%, in the provision for credit losses.

Net Interest Income

The increase in net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, resulted from a decrease of $565,000, or 17.0%, in total interest expense and an increase of $269,000, or 3.5%, in total interest income. The Company's average interest rate spread was 2.99% for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 2.23% for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The Company's net interest margin was 3.63% for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 2.98% for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

Provision for Credit Losses

The increase in the provision for credit losses was primarily due to a $223,000 recovery for the three months ended September 30, 2024, resulting from a decrease in net loans receivable during the period.

Non-interest Income

The $350,000 increase in non-interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to the prior year quarterly period, resulted from a decrease of $254,000 in loss on sale of real estate, an increase of $50,000 in gain on sale of loans, an increase of $32,000 in service charges on deposit accounts, and an increase of $14,000 in other non-interest income. The $254,000 loss on sale of real estate for the prior year related to a one-to-four family residence in other real estate owned that was sold during the period.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (continued)

Non-interest Expense

The $160,000 decrease in non-interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024, resulted from decreases of $152,000 in compensation and benefits expense, $63,000 in audit and examination fees, $33,000 in franchise and bank shares tax, $32,000 in professional fees, $28,000 in advertising expense, $7,000 in amortization of core deposit intangible expense, partially offset by increases of $117,000 in data processing expense, $17,000 in other non-interest expense, $14,000 in loan and collection expense, $4,000 in occupancy and equipment expense, and $3,000 in deposit insurance premium expense.

The aggregate compensation expense recognized by the Company for its Stock Options, Share Awards and employee stock ownership plan, amounted to $96,000 and $122,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.

The Louisiana bank shares tax is assessed on the Bank's equity and earnings. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized franchise and bank shares tax expense of $135,000 compared to $168,000, for the same period in 2024.

Income Taxes

Income taxes amounted to $418,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025, resulting in an effective tax rate of 20.7%. The $2,000 recovery for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was due to an audit adjustment for the year ending June 30, 2024.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (continued)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Bank maintains levels of liquid assets deemed adequate by management. The Bank adjusts its liquidity levels to fund deposit outflows, repay its borrowings, and to fund loan commitments. The Bank also adjusts liquidity as appropriate to meet asset and liability management objectives.

The Bank's primary sources of funds are deposits, amortization and prepayment of loans and mortgage-backed securities, maturities of investment securities and other short-term investments, loan sales, and earnings and funds provided from operations. While scheduled principal repayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities are a relatively predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions, and competition. The Bank sets the interest rates on its deposits to maintain a desired level of total deposits. In addition, the Bank invests excess funds in short-term interest-earning accounts and other assets which provide liquidity to meet lending requirements. The Bank's deposit accounts with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas amounted to $13.756 million at September 30, 2025.

A significant portion of the Bank's liquidity consists of securities classified as available-for-sale and cash and cash equivalents. The Bank's primary sources of cash are net income, principal repayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, and increases in deposit accounts. If the Bank requires funds beyond its ability to generate them internally, borrowing agreements exist with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas which provides an additional source of funds. At September 30, 2025, The Bank had no advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas and had $57.205 million in borrowing capacity. Additionally, at September 30, 2025, the Bank was a party to a Master Purchase Agreement with First National Bankers Bank whereby Home Federal Bank may purchase Federal Funds from First National Bankers Bank in an amount not to exceed $19.900 million. There were no amounts purchased under this agreement as of September 30, 2025. At September 30, 2025, Home Federal Bancorp had a $4.000 million outstanding loan with First National Bankers Bank, which matures on February 5, 2034.

At September 30, 2025, the Bank had outstanding loan commitments of $55.106 million to originate loans and commitments under unused lines of credit of $14.160 million. At September 30, 2025, certificates of deposit scheduled to mature in less than one year totaled $156.356 million. Based on prior experience, management believes that a significant portion of such deposits will remain with us, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case. The Bank intends to utilize its high levels of liquidity to fund its lending activities. If additional funds are required to fund lending activities, Home Federal Bank intends to sell its securities classified as available-for-sale, as needed.

At September 30, 2025, Home Federal Bank exceeded each of its capital requirements with common equity tier 1, tier 1 capital, total capital, leverage, and tangible capital ratios of 13.33%, 13.33%, 14.35%, 9.35%, and 9.35%, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At September 30, 2025, the Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined by Securities and Exchange Commission rules.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The financial statements and related financial data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering changes in relative purchasing power over time due to inflation.

Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all of the Company's assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on a financial institution's performance than does the effect of inflation.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements and information relating to the Company that are based on the beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to management. In addition, in those and other portions of this document the words "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "except", "intend", "should", and similar expressions, or the negative thereof, as they relate to the Company or the Company's management are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current views of the Company with respect to future looking events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary from those described herein as anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, or intended. The Company does not intend to update these forward-looking statements.

In addition to factors previously disclosed in the reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission and those identified elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance: the strength of the United States economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which the Company conducts its operations; general economic conditions; legislative and regulatory changes; monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government; changes in tax policies, rates and regulations of federal, state and local tax authorities including the effects of the Tax Reform Act; changes in interest rates, deposit flows, the cost of funds, demand for loan products and the demand for financial services, competition, changes in the quality or composition of the Company's loans, investment and mortgage-backed securities portfolios; geographic concentration of the Company's business; fluctuations in real estate values; the adequacy of loan loss reserves; the risk that goodwill and intangibles recorded in the Company's financial statements will become impaired; changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines and other economic, competitive, governmental and technological factors affecting the Company's operations, markets, products, services and fees.