Q and A with the experts: Could the U.S. Cyclospora outbreak happen in Canada

Thousands of people across the United States have fallen ill in a growing Cyclospora outbreak, a parasite that causes severe diarrhea. Could a similar outbreak happen in Canada and how can people protect themselves? Dr. Abiola Olaitan, a professor in the University of Waterloo's Department of Biology whose research focuses on infectious diseases, including bacteria that can cause severe diarrhea, explains the risks, Canada's preparedness and what the public should know.

Could the U.S. Cyclospora outbreak happen in Canada?

While the risk is currently low, the answer is yes. Cyclospora infection is typically caused by consuming contaminated food or water, and Canada is not immune to food-borne outbreaks. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, additional cases have been reported among people who became ill after travelling outside the United States. With many Canadians travelling during the summer, exposure remains possible. Although no related outbreak has been reported in Canada to date, Canadians should remain vigilant and practice good food hygiene.

Why is Cyclospora so difficult to trace and stop?

Symptoms usually appear seven to 14 days after consuming contaminated food or water. Some infected individuals have mild or no symptoms, leading to underreporting. The delay between exposure and illness can make it difficult for people to remember what and where they ate, complicating efforts to identify and trace the source of contamination.

Should Canadians be worried every time they buy fresh produce?

No. Canadians should continue to enjoy fresh produce while following good food safety practices, such as washing their hands and rinsing fruits and vegetables before consumption. Public health officials are closely monitoring the U.S. outbreak, and identifying the source will help guide prevention efforts in Canada. Practicing good food hygiene remains important, especially when travelling outside Canada.

Could globalization and climate change make food-borne parasites like Cyclospora more common?

Yes. Cyclospora is most common in tropical and subtropical regions, and infections are often linked to travel or imported fresh produce. Increased global trade and travel may increase exposure. Climate change, particularly warmer temperatures and changing weather patterns, may create conditions that favour the parasite's survival and spread, increasing the likelihood of outbreaks in regions where it has traditionally been uncommon.

This series is produced for the media to share the expertise of University of Waterloo researchers. To arrange an interview with this researcher, please contact Media Relations.

This series is produced for the media to share the expertise of University of Waterloo researchers. To arrange an interview with this researcher, please contact Media Relations.