Overview of Tropical Cyclone in November 2025

Four tropical cyclones occurred over the western North Pacific and the South China Sea in November 2025. Among them, Fung-wong (2526) necessitated the issuance of the tropical cyclone warning signal by the Observatory.

Kalmaegi (2525) formed as a tropical depression over the western North Pacific about 110 km east-southeast of Yap on the morning of 1 November, and moved westwards towards the central part of the Philippines and intensified gradually. It intensified into a typhoon on the afternoon of 3 November, and moved across the central and southern parts of the Philippines that night and the next day. Kalmaegi entered the southern part of the South China Sea on 5 November, and intensified rapidly into a super typhoon on the morning of 6 November, attaining its peak intensity with an estimated maximum sustained wind of 195 km/h near its centre. It made landfall over the central part of Vietnam that night, and weakened rapidly the next day. Kalmaegi finally degenerated into an area of low pressure over Thailand on the night of 7 November.

According to press reports, Kalmaegi brought torrential rain and squalls to the Philippines, resulting in widespread flooding. There were at least 253 deaths, 119 missing, and 502 injuries. More than 7.6 million people were affected, and over 780 000 houses were damaged. Economic loss exceeded PHP 1.5 billion. In Vietnam, Kalmaegi also caused at least six deaths and 26 injuries. Over 59 000 houses were damaged and electricity supply to more than 1.6 million households was disrupted. Economic loss exceeded VND 13 trillion. Kalmaegi and its remnant brought heavy rain and caused flooding in Thailand, resulting in at least 13 deaths and affecting over 470 000 people.

Fung-wong (2526) formed as a tropical depression over the western North Pacific about 780 km east of Yap on the morning of 4 November, and moved west-southwestwards. It turned to track northwestwards or west-northwestwards across the seas near Yap and intensified gradually in the following three days. Fung-wong intensified into a typhoon, and adopted a west-northwesterly track towards the Philippines in the small hours of 8 November. It rapidly intensified into a super typhoon over the seas east of the Philippines in the small hours of 9 November, attaining its peak intensity with an estimated maximum sustained wind of 185 km/h near its centre. Fung-wong moved across Luzon, entered the South China Sea from that night to the small hours of the next day, and then weakened progressively. It moved northwards across the northeastern part of the South China Sea from the night of 10 November to 11 November, and gradually turned northeastwards towards the southern part of Taiwan. It weakened into a tropical storm in the small hours of 12 November and moved across Pingtung of Taiwan that night. Fung-wong finally evolved into an extratropical cyclone over the seas east of Taiwan the next morning.

According to press reports, Fung-wong brought torrential rain and squalls to the Philippines, with an accumulated rainfall of 442.6 millimetres recorded in Baguio. There were at least 33 deaths, three missing persons and 88 injuries in the Philippines. Over 9.1 million people were affected and more than 490 000 houses were damaged. Economic loss exceeded PHP 6.7 billion. Under the combined effect of Fung-wong and the northeast monsoon, there were torrential rain and squalls in Taiwan. A maximum hourly rainfall of 126.5 millimetres and 48-hour rainfall of 1 071 millimetres were recorded in Yilan on 9 - 11 November. During the passage of Fung-wong over Taiwan, there were at least 91 injuries. Water and electricity supply to 8 800 and 27 000 households were disrupted respectively. Economic loss exceeded USD 4.3 million. For detailed information of Fung-wong including its impact to Hong Kong, please refer to the Tropical Cyclone Report of Fung-wong.

Koto (2527) formed as a tropical depression over the seas east of the southern part of the Philippines about 970 km southeast of Manila on the morning of 24 November, and moved west-northwestwards across the central and southern parts of the Philippines that afternoon and the next day. It entered the southern part of the South China Sea on 26 November, progressively intensified into a typhoon and attained its peak intensity on the morning of 27 November, with an estimated maximum sustained wind of 130 km/h near its centre. Koto lingered over the central and southern parts of the South China Sea and gradually weakened in the following three days.

Senyar formed as a tropical depression over the Strait of Malacca about 270 km west-northwest of Kuala Lumpur on the morning of 25 November. According to the Indian Meteorological Department's Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre New Delhi, this is the first time a tropical cyclone has formed in the region since 1886. Senyar moved westwards that day, and intensified into a tropical storm that night, attaining its peak intensity with an estimated maximum sustained wind of 65 km/h near its centre. Senyar turned to track southeastwards, skirted past the coastal areas of the northeastern part of Sumatra, and weakened into a tropical depression on 26 November. It moved eastwards across the Strait of Malacca again the next day. After making landfall and degenerating into an area of low pressure over the Malay Peninsula on 28 November, it turned northeastwards and moved to the sea again. It re-intensified into a tropical depression that night. Senyar continued its northeasterly track in the following two days.