11/12/2026 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 11/12/2026 16:25
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-286309
The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is effective. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion, dated November 12, 2026
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To the prospectus dated April 10, 2025)
$
Shares of Common Stock
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase up to Shares of Common Stock
Series L Warrants to Purchase up to Shares of Common Stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants)
We are offering pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus (i) shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "common stock") at a purchase price of $ per share, (ii) in lieu of common stock to certain investors that so choose, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock ("pre-funded warrants"), and (iii) accompanying Series L warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or, at the election of the holder, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to an equal number of shares of common stock in lieu thereof) ("common warrants") in this offering.
The pre-funded warrants are being offered to those purchasers, if any, whose purchase of the shares of common stock in this offering would result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates, beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding common stock immediately following the consummation of this offering. For each pre-funded warrant that we sell, the number of shares of common stock that we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis.
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR." On November 11, 2026, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.80 per share. There is no established public trading market for the pre-funded warrants or the common warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not intend to apply to list the pre-funded warrants or the common warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.
The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant sold in this offering will equal the price at which a share of common stock is sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.0001, and the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant to purchase one share of our common stock will equal $0.0001 per share. This prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of such pre-funded warrants and common warrants (including any pre-funded warrants that a holder of common warrants may elect to receive in lieu of shares of common stock upon exercise of the common warrants). The common warrants will have an exercise price of $ per share of common stock (or $ per pre-funded warrant) and be exercisable for years from the date of issuance. The common warrants may be exercised, at the election of the holder, for pre-funded warrants in lieu of shares of common stock. Any pre-funded warrants issued upon exercise of a common warrant will have substantially the same terms as the pre-funded warrants offered hereby.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See "Risk Factors" on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement, page 4 of the accompanying prospectus, and the "Risk Factors" section contained in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, before investing in our securities.
We are a "smaller reporting company" under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules and, as such, are eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements. See "Prospectus Supplement Summary-Implications of Being a Smaller Reporting Company" for more information.
| Per Share of Common Stock and Accompanying Common Warrant |
Per Pre-Funded Warrant and Accompanying Common Warrant |
Total | ||||||||||
| Offering price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Underwriting discount and commissions(1) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us(2) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| (1) | See "Underwriting" for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters. |
| (2) | The amount of the offering proceeds to us presented in this table does not give effect to the exercise of the warrants or pre-funded warrants in cash, if any. |
We have granted the representative of the underwriters (the "representative") the right to purchase up to additional shares of our common stock and/or pre-funded warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or any combination thereof), representing 15% of the total number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants sold in this offering, and/or common warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), solely to cover over-allotments, if any. The purchase price to be paid per additional share of common stock or per additional pre-funded warrant and accompanying additional common warrant will be equal to the public offering price per share of common stock or per pre-funded warrant and accompanying common warrant, as applicable, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. If the underwriters exercise the option in full for shares of common stock only, the additional underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us related to such exercise will be approximately $ , and the additional proceeds to us related to such exercise, before expenses, will be approximately $ .
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the securities against payment on or about , 2026, subject to satisfaction or waiver of customary closing conditions.
Sole Book-Running Manager
Lake Street Capital Markets
The date of this prospectus supplement is , 2026
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
| Page | |
| ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT | S-ii |
| SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | S-iii |
| INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA | S-iv |
| PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY | S-1 |
| THE OFFERING | S-4 |
| RISK FACTORS | S-6 |
| USE OF PROCEEDS | S-9 |
| DIVIDEND POLICY | S-10 |
| DILUTION | S-11 |
| DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE ARE OFFERING | S-12 |
| MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR INVESTORS IN OUR SECURITIES | S-16 |
| UNDERWRITING | S-23 |
| LEGAL MATTERS | S-31 |
| EXPERTS | S-31 |
| WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | S-31 |
| INFORMATION WE INCORPORATE BY REFERENCE | S-32 |
PROSPECTUS
| ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS | 1 |
| PROSPECTUS SUMMARY | 2 |
| RISK FACTORS | 4 |
| FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 5 |
| USE OF PROCEEDS | 6 |
| THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER | 7 |
| DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK | 8 |
| DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS | 12 |
| DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES | 13 |
| DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS | 25 |
| DESCRIPTION OF UNITS | 26 |
| FORMS OF SECURITIES | 27 |
| PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | 28 |
| LEGAL MATTERS | 31 |
| EXPERTS | 31 |
| WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION | 31 |
| INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE | 32 |
| S-i |
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, including the documents incorporated by reference, which describes the specific terms of this offering and the securities offered hereby, and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated into each by reference. The second part, the accompanying base prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, gives more general information and disclosure, some of which may not apply to this offering. When we refer to this "prospectus," we are referring to both parts combined. Any free writing prospectus we authorize for use in connection with this offering may add to, update, or change information in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus.
If there is any inconsistency between information in or incorporated by reference into the accompanying base prospectus and information in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, you should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, and the documents incorporated into each by reference include important information about us, the securities being offered and other information you should know before investing. You should read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus together with the additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find Additional Information" and "Information We Incorporate by Reference" before investing in our securities.
You should not consider any information in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus or the documents incorporated by reference therein, to be investment, legal or tax advice. You should consult your own counsel, accountants, and other advisers for legal, tax, business, financial, and related advice regarding the purchase of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement.
This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") using a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may from time to time sell shares of our common stock or other securities having an aggregate offering price of up to $200,000,000 at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of the offering.
We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein or in any free writing prospectuses prepared by us or on our behalf or to which we have referred you. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and the documents incorporated into each by reference is accurate only as of the respective dates of the applicable documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since those dates.
We further note that the representations, warranties, and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty, or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties, and covenants were accurate only as of the date when made; therefore, such representations, warranties, and covenants should not be relied on as accurate representations of the current state of our affairs.
We are not making offers to sell the securities described in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus in any jurisdiction in which an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making such offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation.
No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of our securities or possession or distribution of this prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions as to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus applicable to that jurisdiction.
References in this prospectus to the terms "we," "us," "our," "the Company," or other similar terms refer to InspireMD, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries.
| S-ii |
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, contains statements that are forward-looking statements about our expectations, beliefs or intentions regarding, among other things, our product development efforts, business, financial condition, results of operations, strategies, plans and prospects. In addition, from time to time, we or our representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "believe," "expect," "intend," "plan," "may," "should," "would," "anticipate," "could," "might," "seek," "target," "will," "project," "predict," "forecast," "potential," "continue" or their negatives or variations of these words or other comparable words or by the fact that these statements do not relate strictly to historical matters. These forward-looking statements may be included in, among other things, various filings made by us with the SEC, press releases or oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized executive officers. Forward-looking statements relate to anticipated or expected events, activities, trends or results as of the date they are made. Because forward-looking statements relate to matters that have not yet occurred, these statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Many factors could cause our actual activities or results to differ materially from the activities and results anticipated in forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to:
| ● | our history of recurring losses and negative cash flows from operating activities, significant future commitments and the uncertainty regarding the adequacy of our liquidity to pursue our complete business objectives, and substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern; | |
| ● | our need to raise additional capital to meet our business requirements in the future and such capital raising may be costly or difficult to obtain and could dilute our stockholders' ownership interests; | |
| ● | the clinical development, commercialization and market acceptance of our products; | |
| ● | whether the clinical trial results for our products will be predictive of real-world results; | |
| ● | an inability to secure and maintain regulatory approvals for the sale of our products; | |
| ● | any impact of a product recall, including the voluntary recall in the U.S. of the CGuard Prime 135 cm Carotid Stent System, or any future product recall, on our business, results of operations and financial condition; | |
| ● | negative clinical trial results or lengthy product delays in key markets; | |
| ● | our ability to maintain compliance with the Nasdaq listing standards; | |
| ● | our ability to generate significant revenues from our products; | |
| ● | estimates of our expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and our needs for and ability to access sufficient additional financing, including any unexpected costs or delays in resuming U.S. commercialization of CGuard Prime following the voluntary recall or in the commercial launch of our other products; | |
| ● | our dependence on a single manufacturing facility and our ability to comply with stringent manufacturing quality standards and to increase production as necessary; | |
| ● | the risk that the data collected from our current and planned clinical trials may not be sufficient to demonstrate that our technology is an attractive alternative to other procedures and products; | |
| ● | intense competition in our industry, with competitors having substantially greater financial, technological, research and development, regulatory and clinical, manufacturing, marketing and sales, distribution and personnel resources than we do; | |
| ● | entry of new competitors and products and potential technological obsolescence of our products; | |
| ● | inability to carry out research, development and commercialization plans; | |
| ● | loss of a key customer or supplier; | |
| ● | technical problems with our research and products and potential product liability claims; | |
| ● | product malfunctions; | |
| ● | price increases for supplies and components; | |
| ● | whether access to our products is achieved in a commercially viable manner and whether our products receive adequate reimbursement by governmental and other third-party payers; | |
| ● | our efforts to successfully obtain and maintain intellectual property protection covering our products, which may not be successful; |
| S-iii |
| ● | adverse federal, state and local government regulation, in the United States, Europe or Israel and other foreign jurisdictions; | |
| ● | the fact that we conduct business in multiple foreign jurisdictions, exposing us to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, logistical and communications challenges, burdens and costs of compliance with foreign laws and political and economic instability in each jurisdiction; | |
| ● | security, political and economic instability in the Middle East that could harm our business, including due to the current security situation in Israel; | |
| ● | current or future unfavorable economic and market conditions and adverse developments with respect to financial institutions and associated liquidity risk; and | |
| ● | changes in tariffs, trade barriers, price and exchange controls and other regulatory requirements and the impact of such policies on us, our customers and suppliers, and the global economic environment. |
We believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable; however, these statements are only current predictions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements. We discuss or refer you to many of these risks in this prospectus supplement in greater detail under the heading "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. Given these uncertainties, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events.
All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf speak only as of the date hereof and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this prospectus supplement. We undertake no obligations to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. In evaluating forward-looking statements, you should consider these risks and uncertainties and not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.
INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA
Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any free-writing prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein concerning our industry and the markets in which we operate, including our general expectations about our product candidates, market position, market opportunity, market size, and the incidence of certain medical conditions, and information about clinical trials and products from other companies, is based on certain industry data and forecasts that were obtained from market research databases, consultant surveys commissioned by us, publicly available information, reports of governmental agencies and industry publications and surveys. Industry surveys, publications, consultant surveys commissioned by us and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. We have relied on certain data from third-party sources, including internal surveys, industry forecasts and market research, which we believe to be reliable based on our management's knowledge of the industry. Statements as to our market position are based on the most currently available data. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented in this prospectus supplement, our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed or referred to under the heading "Risk Factors" in this prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated herein by reference.
| S-iv |
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights certain information about us, this offering, and selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, and in the documents we incorporate by reference. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before making an investment decision in our securities. You should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus carefully, including the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, especially the risks of investing in our common stock discussed under "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement, and the risk factors, consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
Overview
We are a medical device company specializing in the development and commercialization of products for the treatment of carotid artery disease and other vascular conditions. Our portfolio includes two commercial platforms based on our proprietary CGuard carotid stent technology, designed to provide market-leading embolic protection during and after stenting procedures. A stent is an expandable scaffold-like metallic device placed in an artery to widen the lumen and restore blood flow.
Our first platform, the CGuard Carotid Embolic Prevention System ("CGuard EPS"), integrates a self-expanding nitinol stent with a MicroNet mesh sleeve as a single device for carotid artery revascularization. In January 2024, we received CE Mark recertification for CGuard EPS under the EU Medical Device Regulation ("MDR"). Our CGuard EPS previously held CE Mark approval under the former Medical Device Directive ("MDD"). CGuard EPS is marketed in over 30 countries outside the United States through a network of distributors. In the first quarter of 2026, we submitted a premarket approval application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") for CGuard EPS with potential for FDA approval in the fourth quarter of 2026.
Our second platform, the CGuard Prime Carotid Stent System ("CGuard Prime"), uses the same stent and MicroNet mesh as CGuard EPS with a differentiated deployment mechanism. We have two distinct products within the CGuard Prime platform for use in different procedures to implant the stent. The first product was designed for use in carotid artery stenting ("CAS") procedures and utilizes a 135 cm catheter as part of the delivery system ("CGuard Prime 135 cm"). The second product was designed for use during transcarotid artery revascularization ("TCAR") procedures and utilizes a shorter 80 cm catheter in its delivery system ("CGuard Prime 80 cm").
CGuard Prime 135 cm received premarket approval ("PMA") from the FDA on June 23, 2025 and MDR CE Mark approval on June 12, 2025 for use in CAS procedures. In May 2026, we announced a voluntary recall in the U.S. of CGuard Prime, undertaken in consultation with the FDA after a controlled launch demonstrated that the technical success of its delivery system did not meet performance expectations. The voluntary action pertained specifically to the delivery system and not to the CGuard Prime stent implant.
In October 2024, the FDA approved our investigational device exemption ("IDE") application to initiate the CGUARDIANS II pivotal study of the CGuard Prime TransCarotid Stent System during transcarotid artery revascularization ("TCAR") procedures. In the first quarter of 2026, we completed enrollment in the CGUARDIANS II pivotal study, and in June 2026, we announced summary 30-day outcome data from the study, which showed acute device success of 100% with no major adverse events.
CGuard Prime 80 cm received premarket approval ("PMA") from the FDA on November 9, 2026 for use in TCAR procedures. We have commercial inventory of CGuard Prime 80 cm prepared for commercial launch and expect to commence sales promptly in the fourth quarter of 2026.
In May 2026, we announced that the FDA had approved our IDE application to initiate the CGUARDIANS III pivotal trial, which evaluates our proprietary SwitchGuard neuroprotection system ("SwitchGuard NPS") paired with the CGuard Prime TransCarotid Stent System to enable flow-reversal neuroprotection during TCAR, and in June 2026, we announced enrollment of the first patient.
| S-1 |
In October 2023, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ("CMS") issued its final National Coverage Determination ("NCD"), expanding coverage for both CAS and TCAR procedures to include both asymptomatic and standard surgical risk patients, which we believe significantly expands and supports the future growth of the U.S. addressable market for CAS.
In November 2025, the results of the CREST-2 study were released, which showed that CAS combined with medical therapy demonstrated a significantly lower stroke risk as compared to intensive medical management alone in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis. CREST-2 was an independent study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health ("NIH") with a set of two parallel, observer-blinded clinical trials across 155 centers globally. CREST-2 showed that, among patients with high-grade carotid stenosis without recent neurological symptoms, the addition of stenting led to significantly better outcomes than intensive medical management alone, as measured by a decreased risk of the composite of perioperative stroke or death or ipsilateral stroke within four years. In a separate arm of the same trial, carotid endarterectomy ("CEA") did not achieve a significant benefit for these patients as compared to intensive medical management alone.
We continue to invest in new product generations and potential new clinical indications for the CGuard platform with a strategy of focusing on advancing a "stent-first" approach to carotid revascularization. As part of this strategy, we are evaluating the CGuard Prime TransCarotid Stent System in TCAR-based clinical programs, including the CGUARDIANS II pivotal trial, which studied the use of the CGuard Prime TransCarotid Stent System in conjunction with an established neuroprotection device, and the CGUARDIANS III pivotal trial, which evaluates our proprietary SwitchGuard neuroprotection system paired with the CGuard Prime TransCarotid Stent System to enable flow-reversal neuroprotection during TCAR. In parallel, we are pursuing new clinical applications outside TCAR, including the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with tandem lesions. In this acute-stroke setting, the flexible, low-metal-burden design and MicroNet mesh of the CGuard Prime Carotid Stent may offer advantages where traditional embolic-protection devices cannot be used. We initially partnered with Jacobs Institute to fund an early feasibility study in this area but discontinued our support as part of an initiative to reduce our operating expenses.
We consider our current addressable market for our CGuard EPS, CGuard Prime, and SwitchGuard NPS to be both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with diagnosed high-grade carotid artery stenosis for whom intervention is preferable to medical (drug) therapy. This group includes not only patients eligible for either CAS or TCAR procedures, but also individuals who are candidates for CEA, as all three approaches can be options to treat these patients. Assuming full penetration of the intervention caseload, we estimate that the addressable market for CGuard EPS, CGuard Prime, and SwitchGuard NPS is approximately $1.3 billion (source: Health Research International Personal Medical Systems, Inc. September 13, 2021 Results of Update Report on Global Carotid Stenting Procedures and Markets by Major Geography and Addressable Markets and internal estimates). According to this same report and internal estimates, assuming full penetration of treatment for all individuals diagnosed with high-grade carotid artery stenosis, we estimate the total available market for CGuard EPS, CGuard Prime, and SwitchGuard NPS to be approximately $9.3 billion, which may grow over time if expanded treatment options such as our products lead to increased patient screening for carotid artery disease.
Recent Developments
Warrant Amendments
On September 21, 2026, we entered into amendments (the "Warrant Amendments") with certain holders of our existing warrants. Pursuant to the Warrant Amendments, we amended Series J Warrants to purchase up to 4,771,980 shares of common stock and Series K Warrants to purchase up to 9,543,947 shares of common stock to modify (i) the exercise price to $0.7674 per share and (ii) the termination date to 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the earlier of (a) May 15, 2028 and (b) 20 trading days following our announcement of receipt of FDA approval of the CGuard Prime 80 cm. The Series J Warrants that were not amended, consisting of Series J Warrants to purchase up to 8,142,106 shares of common stock, have an exercise price of $1.3827 per share and a termination date of 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the earlier of (a) May 15, 2028 and (b) 20 trading days after FDA approval of SwitchGuard NPS and the CGuard Prime 80 cm. The Series K Warrants that were not amended, consisting of Series K Warrants to purchase up to 3,370,131 shares of common stock, had an exercise price of $1.3827 per share and a termination date of 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on October 28, 2026, which was 20 trading days after the end of the fourth fiscal quarter following the commencement of first U.S. commercial sales of CGuard Prime 135 cm in July 2025 and expired unexercised on such date.
| S-2 |
Certain Preliminary Third Quarter Financial Results
Set forth below are certain preliminary financial results regarding our total revenue for the third quarter ended September 30, 2026 and our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2026. This preliminary financial information is based upon our estimates and is subject to completion of our financial closing procedures. Moreover, this preliminary financial information has been prepared solely on the basis of information that is currently available to, and that is the responsibility of, management. Our independent registered public accounting firm has not audited, reviewed, examined, compiled nor applied agreed-upon procedures with respect to the accompanying prospective financial information and, accordingly, it does not express an opinion or any other form of assurance with respect thereto. This preliminary financial information is not a comprehensive statement of our total revenue for the third quarter ended September 30, 2026 and our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2026, and remains subject to, among other things, the completion of our financial closing procedures, final adjustments, and completion of our internal review for the quarter ended September 30, 2026, which may materially impact the results and expectations set forth below.
| ● | For the third quarter of 2026, total revenue was $2,242,000. | |
| ● | As of September 30, 2026, cash and cash equivalents totaled $19,246,000. |
Corporate Information
We were organized in the State of Delaware on February 29, 2008. In October 2024, we established our global headquarters in Miami, Florida to support the anticipated U.S. launch and commercialization of the CGuard Prime carotid stent system.
Our principal executive offices are located at 6303 Waterford District Drive, Suite 215, Miami, Florida 33126, and our telephone number is (888) 776-6804. Our website address is http://www.inspiremd.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is neither a part of nor incorporated into this prospectus supplement. We have included our website address in this prospectus supplement solely as an inactive textual reference.
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR."
Implications of Being a Smaller Reporting Company
We qualify as a "smaller reporting company," as defined by applicable rules of the SEC. As a result, we are permitted to take advantage of certain exemptions available to smaller reporting companies, including the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as long as we do not otherwise also qualify as an "accelerated filer" or "large accelerated filer" for SEC reporting purposes, and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. In addition, as a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
| S-3 |
THE OFFERING
| Issuer | InspireMD, Inc. | |
| Common Stock Offered By Us | shares (or shares if the representative exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full). Each share of common stock is being offered and sold together with an accompanying common warrant at a combined public offering price of $ . | |
| Pre-Funded Warrants Offered By Us | We are also offering to those purchasers, if any, whose purchase of the common stock in this offering would result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding common stock immediately following the consummation of this offering, the opportunity to purchase, if they so choose, pre-funded warrants in lieu of the common stock that would otherwise result in ownership in excess of 4.99% (or 9.99%, as applicable) of our outstanding common stock. The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant will equal the price per share of common stock being sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.0001, and the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant will be $0.0001 per share. For each pre-funded warrant we sell, the number of shares of common stock we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis. Each pre-funded warrant will be immediately exercisable and may be exercised at any time until exercised in full. There is no expiration date for the pre-funded warrants. See "Description of Securities We Are Offering." This prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of such pre-funded warrants. | |
| Warrants Offered By Us | Together with each share of common stock (or pre-funded warrant) offered in this offering, we are also offering a common warrant to purchase a share of common stock (or, at the election of the holder, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to an equal number of shares of common stock in lieu thereof). The common warrants will have a term of years from the date of issuance and an exercise price of $ subject to adjustment therein. A holder of common warrants may elect, in its sole discretion, to exercise its common warrants for pre-funded warrants in lieu of shares of common stock, including if such holder is unable to exercise its common warrants for shares of common stock due to the beneficial ownership limitations described herein. See "Description of Securities We Are Offering-Common Warrants" for more information on the common warrants. | |
| Common Stock to be Outstanding Immediately After this Offering | shares (or shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full), assuming no exercise of the pre-funded warrants or common warrants (including any pre-funded warrants issuable upon exercise of the common warrants). | |
| Option to Purchase Additional Shares | We have granted the representative an over-allotment option for a period of 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to purchase up to additional shares of our common stock and/or pre-funded warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or any combination thereof), and common warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), in each case representing 15% of the total number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants sold in this offering, solely to cover over-allotments, if any. The representative may exercise the over-allotment option with respect to shares of common stock only, pre-funded warrants only, common warrants only, or any combination thereof. |
| S-4 |
| Use of Proceeds | We plan to use the net proceeds of this offering for our operations, including, but not limited to, research and development, sales and marketing, and working capital and other general corporate purposes. See "Use of Proceeds" on page S-9 of this prospectus supplement. | |
| Risk Factors | Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement for a discussion of certain factors to consider carefully before deciding to purchase any of our securities. | |
| Lock-Up Agreements | In connection with this offering, we and all of our executive officers and directors, without the prior written approval of the representative, have agreed not to offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of or hedge common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for common stock for a period of 60 days from the date hereof, subject to certain exceptions. For more information, see "Underwriting." | |
| The Nasdaq Capital Market Symbol |
Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR." The pre-funded warrants and common warrants are not listed for trading on any securities exchange. There is no established public trading market for the pre-funded warrants or common warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not intend to apply to list the pre-funded warrants or common warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system. |
The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering is based on 46,785,131 shares of common stock outstanding as of November 12, 2026 and excludes:
| ● | 42,188,078 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding pre-funded warrants, with an exercise price of $0.0001 per share; | |
| ● | 3,518,937 shares of common stock issuable upon the settlement of restricted stock units; | |
| ● | 22,458,033 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants (excluding pre-funded warrants) having a weighted average exercise price of $0.9905 per share; | |
| ● | 14,328 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the outstanding Series C convertible preferred stock, or Series C Preferred Stock, at the conversion price of $0.7674 per share and the stated value per share of $6.40; | |
| ● | 3,303,197 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options having a weighted average exercise price of $2.81 per share; | |
| ● | 1,415,083 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan; and | |
| ● | 765,512 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the 2024 Inducement Plan. |
Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the outstanding options or warrants, including the common warrants and pre-funded warrants sold in this offering, or settlement of the restricted stock units described above, and no exercise of the representative's option to purchase additional shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants.
In addition, the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering excludes additional shares of common stock that we may sell pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement (the "Equity Distribution Agreement"), by and between us and BTIG, LLC. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we may sell up to approximately $75.0 million of common stock pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement after the expiration of the lock-up period applicable to us and described in "Underwriting" in this prospectus supplement unless the representative waives this restriction earlier.
| S-5 |
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding to invest in our securities, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, including the risks described in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, prospects, operating results, and financial condition could suffer materially. In such event, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you might lose all or part of your investment. See also "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" in this prospectus supplement.
Risks Related to Our Securities and This Offering
Our management will have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.
We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses of the net proceeds we will receive from this offering. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds, including for any of the purposes described in "Use of Proceeds" in this prospectus supplement. Accordingly, you will have to rely upon the judgment of our management with respect to the use of the proceeds, with only limited information concerning management's specific intentions. Our management may spend a portion or all of the net proceeds from this offering in ways that our stockholders may not desire or that may not yield a favorable return. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value.
You may experience immediate dilution in the book value per share of the common stock you purchase in this offering.
Given that the price per share of our common stock being offered is expected to be higher than the book value per share of our common stock, you may suffer substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the shares of our common stock you purchase in this offering. Based on the public offering price of $ per share and our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2026, if you purchase shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants and accompanying common warrants in this offering, and assuming the full exercise of the pre-funded warrants, you will suffer an immediate and substantial dilution of $ per share with respect to the net tangible book value of the common stock. The exercise of common warrants, or other outstanding warrants, or settlement of outstanding equity awards may result in further dilution of your investment. See "Dilution" in this prospectus supplement for a more detailed discussion of the dilution you will incur if you purchase securities in this offering.
Future sales or issuances of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception of such sales, could depress the trading price of our common stock.
The sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or other equity-related securities in the public markets or otherwise, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.
On April 3, 2026, we also entered into the Equity Distribution Agreement with respect to an at-the-market ("ATM") equity offering program, pursuant to which, through BTIG, LLC, as sales agent, we may from time to time, sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million in gross proceeds. Through the date of this prospectus supplement, we have not sold any shares of our common stock under the Equity Distribution Agreement.
We cannot predict the effect that future sales of common stock or other equity-related securities would have on the market price of our common stock.
| S-6 |
We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, you may have to rely on stock appreciation for any return on your investment.
We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Any payment of cash dividends will, among other things, depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors and will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, you may have to rely on capital appreciation, if any, to earn a return on your investment in our common stock.
There is no public market for the pre-funded warrants and the common warrants being offered in this offering.
There is no public trading market for the pre-funded warrants and the common warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants or common warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the pre-funded warrants and common warrants will be limited.
We will not receive a significant amount or any additional funds upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.
Each pre-funded warrant is exercisable for $0.0001 per share of common stock underlying such warrant, which may, in certain circumstances, be paid by way of a cashless exercise, in which the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant. Accordingly, we will not receive a significant amount of additional funds (if any) upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants, including any pre-funded warrants issued upon exercise of the common warrants. Holders of the pre-funded warrants and the common warrants will have no rights as stockholders until such holders exercise such warrants and acquire our shares of common stock.
Until holders of the pre-funded warrants and the common warrants exercise such warrants and acquire our shares of common stock, such holders will have no rights with respect to the shares of common stock underlying such warrants, except that the holder of a pre-funded warrant or common warrant shall be entitled to participate in certain distributions, including cash dividends, if any, to all holders of our common stock for no consideration, which distributions shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of such holder until the pre-funded warrant or common warrant is exercised. Upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants or common warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a holder of common stock only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date. See "Description of Securities We Are Offering-Pre-Funded Warrants-No Rights as a Stockholder."
Significant holders or beneficial holders of our common stock may not be permitted to exercise pre-funded warrants or common warrants that they hold.
A holder of a pre-funded warrant or common warrant will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any such warrant which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its affiliates and other attribution parties, as defined under "Description of Securities We Are Offering-Pre-Funded Warrants-Exercise Limitations") to exceed 4.99%, or at the option of the holder, 9.99%, of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. However, any holder may increase such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% upon at least 61 days' prior notice from the holder to us. Although a holder of common warrants may elect to exercise its common warrants for pre-funded warrants in lieu of shares of common stock, any such pre-funded warrants will be subject to the same beneficial ownership limitations. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your pre-funded warrants or common warrants for shares of our common stock at a time when it would be financially beneficial for you to do so. In such circumstance you could seek to sell your pre-funded warrants or common warrants to realize value, but you may be unable to do so in the absence of an established trading market for the pre-funded warrants and common warrants.
| S-7 |
If we fail to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market, our common stock may be delisted and the price of our common stock and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.
Nasdaq has established certain standards for the continued listing of a security on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The standards for continued listing include, among other things, that the minimum bid price for the listed securities not fall below $1.00 per share for a period of 30 consecutive trading days and that we maintain a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholders' equity.
On July 17, 2026, we received a notification letter, or the Notification Letter, from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications notifying us that we are not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirements set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), or the Rule, for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. The Notification Letter provides that we have 180 calendar days, or until January 13, 2027, to regain compliance with the Rule. To regain compliance, the bid price of our common stock must have a closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days. In the event we do not regain compliance by January 13, 2027, we may then be eligible for an additional 180 days if we meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other initial listing standards for The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the bid price requirement, and will need to provide written notice of our intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period. If we do not qualify for the second compliance period or fail to regain compliance during the second compliance period, then Nasdaq will notify us of its determination to delist our common stock, at which point we will have an opportunity to appeal the delisting determination to a Hearings Panel.
No assurance can be given that we will be able to regain compliance with the Rule. Failure to meet applicable Nasdaq continued listing standards could result in a delisting of our common stock. A delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq could materially reduce the liquidity of our common stock and result in a corresponding material reduction in the price of our common stock. In addition, delisting could harm our ability to raise capital through alternative financing sources on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and may result in the potential loss of confidence by investors, employees and fewer business development opportunities.
| S-8 |
USE OF PROCEEDS
We expect that the net proceeds from our issuance and sale of shares of our common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants in this offering will be approximately $ million (or approximately $ million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock and accompanying common warrants only in full), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
These estimates exclude the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of pre-funded warrants or common warrants sold in this offering. If all of the pre-funded warrants and common warrants sold in this offering were to be exercised, we would receive additional net proceeds of approximately $ million (or approximately $ million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock and accompanying common warrants in full). We cannot predict when or if these pre-funded warrants and common warrants will be exercised. It is possible that the common warrants may expire without being exercised and the pre-funded warrants may never be exercised.
We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering for research and development, sales and marketing, working capital and other general corporate purposes. We do not currently have more specific plans or commitments with respect to the net proceeds from this offering and, accordingly, are unable to quantify the allocation of such proceeds among the various potential uses.
The expected use of net proceeds of this offering represents our current intentions based upon our present plan and business conditions. Investors are cautioned, however, that expenditures may vary substantially from these uses. Investors will be relying on the judgment of our management, who will have broad discretion regarding the application of the proceeds of this offering. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including the amount of cash generated by our operations, the amount of competition we face and other operational factors. We may find it necessary or advisable to use portions of the proceeds from this offering for other purposes.
From time to time, we evaluate these and other factors and we anticipate continuing to make such evaluations to determine if the existing allocation of resources, including the proceeds of this offering, is being optimized. Circumstances that may give rise to a change in the use of proceeds include:
| ● | a change in development plan or strategy; | |
| ● | the addition of new products or applications; | |
| ● | expansion of manufacturing capabilities and facilities; | |
| ● | technical delays; | |
| ● | delays or difficulties with our clinical trials; | |
| ● | negative results from our clinical trials; | |
| ● | difficulty obtaining regulatory approval; | |
| ● | failure to achieve sales as anticipated; and | |
| ● | the availability of other sources of cash including cash flow from operations and new bank debt financing arrangements, if any. |
Pending other uses, we intend to invest the proceeds to us in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities such as money market funds, certificates of deposit, or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government, or hold as cash. We cannot predict whether the proceeds invested will yield a favorable, or any, return.
| S-9 |
DIVIDEND POLICY
In the past, we have not declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not intend to pay cash dividends in the future; rather, we intend to retain future earnings, if any, to fund the operation and expansion of our business and for general corporate purposes.
The holders of Series C Preferred Stock are not entitled to receive any dividends, unless and until specifically declared by our board of directors. However, holders of our Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends on shares of Series C Preferred Stock equal (on an as-if-converted-to-common-stock basis, and without giving effect for such purposes to the 4.99% or 9.99% beneficial ownership limitation, as applicable) to and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of the common stock when such dividends are specifically declared by our board of directors. We are not obligated to redeem or repurchase any shares of Series C Preferred Stock. Shares of Series C Preferred Stock are not otherwise entitled to any redemption rights, or mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provision.
| S-10 |
DILUTION
If you invest in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of our common stock and accompanying common warrant or the public offering price of the pre-funded warrants and accompanying common warrant to purchase one share of common stock and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.
The historical net tangible book value of our common stock as of June 30, 2026 was approximately $32.1 million, or approximately $0.68 per share of common stock, based upon 46,921,061 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2026. Net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets, less our total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding as of June 30, 2026.
After giving effect to our sale of (i) shares of our common stock in this offering at the public offering price of $ per share, (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock at the public offering price of $ per pre-funded warrant (which equals the public offering price of the common stock at which shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering less the $0.0001 per share exercise price of each such pre-funded warrant and assuming exercise in full of the pre-funded warrants) and (iii) accompanying common warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof) at the public offering price of $ per common warrant (excluding shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants issuable upon exercise of the common warrants, any proceeds which may be received upon exercise of the common warrants or any resulting accounting associated with the exercise of the common warrants), and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, estimated offering expenses, our as-adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2026 would have been $ million, or $ per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $ per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $ per share to purchasers of common stock in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:
| Public offering price per share and common warrant | $ | |||||||
| Historical net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2026 | $ | 0.68 | ||||||
| Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering | $ | |||||||
| As adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering | $ | $ | ||||||
| Dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering | $ |
If holders of pre-funded warrants and common warrants exercise such warrants offered hereby, the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after giving effect to this offering would be $ per share, and the dilution in net tangible book value per share to investors purchasing common stock in this offering would be $ per share.
The information above assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares. If the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase up to additional shares of common stock only, the as adjusted net tangible book value after this offering would be $ per share, representing an increase in net tangible book value of $ per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $ per share to investors purchasing our common stock in this offering.
The table and calculations above are based on 46,921,061 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2026 and excludes:
| ● | 43,092,107 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding pre-funded warrants, with an exercise price of $0.0001 per share; | |
| ● | 3,518,937 shares of common stock issuable upon the settlement of restricted stock units; | |
| ● | 25,828,164 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants (excluding pre-funded warrants) having a weighted average exercise price of $1.3827 per share; | |
| ● | 7,952 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the outstanding Series C convertible preferred stock, or Series C Preferred Stock, at the conversion price of $1.3827 per share and the stated value per share of $6.40; | |
| ● | 4,110,414 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options having a weighted average exercise price of $2.87 per share; | |
| ● | 1,191,799 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan; and | |
| ● | 693,073 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the 2024 Inducement Plan. |
| S-11 |
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE ARE OFFERING
Common Stock
The description of our common stock is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026.
Pre-Funded Warrants
Form
The pre-funded warrants will be issued as individual warrant agreements to the investors. The following description of the pre-funded warrants is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of the form of pre-funded warrant that will be filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file with the SEC in connection with this offering.
Term
The pre-funded warrants do not expire and will remain outstanding until exercised in full.
Exercisability
The pre-funded warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance. The pre-funded warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full of the exercise price in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a pre-funded warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable, we will either pay in cash to an exercising holder the fair market value, determined according to the terms of the pre-funded warrant, for any such fractional shares or round up to the next whole share.
Cashless Exercise
If, at the time a holder exercises its pre-funded warrants after the initial exercise date, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying such pre-funded warrant under the Securities Act is not then effective or the prospectus contained therein is not available for the issuance of such shares, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant.
Exercise Limitations
Under the pre-funded warrants, we may not effect the exercise of any pre-funded warrant, and a holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any pre-funded warrant, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its attribution parties (as defined below)) to exceed 4.99% or, at the election of the investor, 9.99%, of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. However, any holder may increase such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% upon at least 61 days' prior notice from the holder to us. For purposes of the foregoing, "attribution parties" means, collectively, the following persons and entities with respect to any holder: (i) its direct and indirect affiliates, (ii) any person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Section 13(d) "group" together with the holder or any attribution parties and (iii) any other persons whose beneficial ownership of our common stock would or could be aggregated with the holder and/or any other attribution parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Exercise Price
The exercise price per whole share of our common stock purchasable upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants is $0.0001 per share of common stock. The exercise price of the pre-funded warrants and the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants are subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.
| S-12 |
Charges, Taxes and Expenses
Issuance and delivery of shares of common stock upon exercise of a pre-funded warrant will be made without charge to the holder thereof for any issue or transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance thereof, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by us. However, we are not required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any warrant shares or pre-funded warrants in a name other than that of the holder or an affiliate thereof. The holder shall be responsible for all other tax liability that may arise as a result of holding or transferring its pre-funded warrants or receiving shares upon exercise thereof.
Transferability
Subject to applicable laws, the pre-funded warrants may be assigned by the holder without our consent. The ownership of the pre-funded warrants and any transfers of the pre-funded warrants will be registered in a warrant register maintained by the warrant agent. We will initially act as warrant agent.
Exchange Listing
We do not plan on applying to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market, any other national securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.
Fundamental Transactions
In the event of a "fundamental transaction" (as described in the pre-funded warrants and generally including but not limited to any reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the tender and acceptance for payment of shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to any tender or exchange offer (whether by us or another person), the acquisition by another person of more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (except for any such transaction in which our stockholders immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, voting power of us immediately after the transaction)), upon consummation of such a fundamental transaction, the holders of the pre-funded warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the pre-funded warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction without regard to any limitations on exercise contained in the pre-funded warrants.
No Rights as a Stockholder
Except by virtue of such holder's ownership of shares of our common stock, the holder of a pre-funded warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the pre-funded warrant. In the event of certain distributions, including cash dividends, if any, to all holders of our common stock for no consideration, the holder of a pre-funded warrant shall be entitled to participate in such distributions to the same extent as if such holder held the number of shares of our common stock acquirable upon exercise of its pre-funded warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise). Such distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of such holder until the pre-funded warrant is exercised.
| S-13 |
Common Warrants
Form
The common warrants will be issued as individual common warrant agreements to the investors. The following description of the common warrants is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of the form of Series L warrant and the form of pre-funded warrant issuable upon exercise thereof, each of which will be filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file with the SEC in connection with this offering.
Term
The common warrants will expire years from the date of issuance.
Exercisability
The common warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance. The common warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full of the exercise price in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a common warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable, we will either pay in cash to an exercising holder the fair market value, determined according to the terms of the common warrant, for any such fractional shares or round up to the next whole share.
Cashless Exercise
If, at the time a holder exercises its common warrants after the initial exercise date, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying such common warrant under the Securities Act is not then effective or the prospectus contained therein is not available for the issuance of such shares, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the common warrant.
In lieu of receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of a common warrant, a holder may elect, in its sole discretion, to exercise all or any portion of its common warrant for pre-funded warrants to purchase the same number of shares of common stock that would otherwise have been issuable upon such exercise, including if the holder is unable to exercise its common warrant for shares of common stock due to the exercise limitations described below. The exercise price payable upon any such exercise will be the exercise price of the common warrant per share of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants so received, less the $0.0001 per share exercise price of such pre-funded warrants. Any pre-funded warrants issued upon exercise of a common warrant will have substantially the same terms as the pre-funded warrants offered hereby, as described above under "-Pre-Funded Warrants."
Exercise Limitations
Under the common warrants, we may not effect the exercise of any common warrant, and a holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any common warrant, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its attribution parties (as defined below)) to exceed 4.99% or, at the election of the investor, 9.99%, of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. However, any holder may increase such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% upon at least 61 days' prior notice from the holder to us. For purposes of the foregoing, "attribution parties" means, collectively, the following persons and entities with respect to any holder: (i) its direct and indirect affiliates, (ii) any person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Section 13(d) "group" together with the holder or any attribution parties and (iii) any other persons whose beneficial ownership of our common stock would or could be aggregated with the holder and/or any other attribution parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Exercise Price
The exercise price per whole share of our common stock purchasable upon the exercise of the common warrants is $ per share of common stock. The exercise price of the common warrants and the number of shares of our common stock (or pre-funded warrants) issuable upon exercise of the common warrants are subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.
| S-14 |
Charges, Taxes and Expenses
Issuance and delivery of shares of common stock upon exercise of a common warrant will be made without charge to the holder thereof for any issue or transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance thereof, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by us. However, we are not required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any common warrant shares or common warrants in a name other than that of the holder or an affiliate thereof. The holder shall be responsible for all other tax liability that may arise as a result of holding or transferring its common warrants or receiving shares upon exercise thereof.
Transferability
Subject to applicable laws, the common warrants may be assigned by the holder without our consent. The ownership of the common warrants and any transfers of the common warrants will be registered in a warrant register maintained by the warrant agent.
Exchange Listing
We do not plan on applying to list the common warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market, any other national securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.
Fundamental Transactions
In the event of a "fundamental transaction" (as described in the common warrants and generally including but not limited to any reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the tender and acceptance for payment of shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to any tender or exchange offer (whether by us or another person), the acquisition by another person of more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (except for any such transaction in which our stockholders immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, voting power of us immediately after the transaction)), upon consummation of such a fundamental transaction, the holders of the common warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the common warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the common warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction without regard to any limitations on exercise contained in the common warrants.
No Rights as a Stockholder
Except by virtue of such holder's ownership of shares of our common stock, the holder of a common warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the common warrant.
Warrant Agency Agreement
The common warrants will be issued to purchasers in this offering in uncertificated form. The Company has appointed Securities Transfer Corporation, the Company's transfer agent, as warrant agent for the common warrants. The Company and the warrant agent will enter into a Warrant Agency Agreement that will set forth the rights and duties of the warrant agent and the procedural mechanics for the issuance, exercise, transfer and cancellation of the common warrants. The form of Warrant Agency Agreement will be filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file with the SEC in connection with this offering. To the extent any provision of a common warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant Agency Agreement, the provisions of the common warrant will govern and be controlling. Prospective investors should carefully review the terms and provisions of the form of Warrant Agency Agreement for a complete description of the terms of the warrant agency arrangements.
| S-15 |
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR INVESTORS IN OUR SECURITIES
The following summary describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants acquired in this offering. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxes, does not discuss the potential application of the alternative minimum tax, Medicare contribution tax or net investment income tax and does not deal with state or local taxes, U.S. federal gift and estate tax laws or any non-U.S. tax consequences that may be relevant to investors in light of their particular circumstances.
Special rules different from those described below may apply to certain investors that are subject to special treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), such as:
| ● | insurance companies, banks and other financial institutions; | |
| ● | tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations) and tax-qualified retirement plans; | |
| ● | foreign governments and international organizations; | |
| ● | broker-dealers, traders in securities, and other persons that generally mark their securities to market; | |
| ● | real estate investment trusts; | |
| ● | regulated investment companies; | |
| ● | U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States; | |
| ● | Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) that own, or are deemed to own (directly, indirectly or by attribution) more than 5% of our common stock, more than 5% of our pre-funded warrants or more than 5% of our warrants; | |
| ● | persons required for U.S. federal income tax purposes to conform the timing of income accruals to their financial statements under Section 451(b) of the Code; | |
| ● | "controlled foreign corporations," "passive foreign investment companies" and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax; | |
| ● | persons that hold our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants as part of a "straddle," "hedge," "conversion transaction," "synthetic security" or integrated investment or other risk reduction strategy; | |
| ● | U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency for U.S. tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar; | |
| ● | persons who do not hold our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants as "capital assets" within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, for investment purposes); | |
| ● | persons who acquired our common stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation; | |
| ● | persons subject to the alternative minimum tax or the corporate minimum tax; and | |
| ● | partnerships and other pass-through entities, and investors in such pass-through entities (regardless of their places of organization or formation). |
Such investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors to determine the U.S. federal, state, local and other tax consequences that may be relevant to them.
Furthermore, the discussion below is based upon the provisions of the Code, and U.S. Treasury regulations, rulings and judicial decisions thereunder as of the date hereof, and such authorities may be repealed, revoked or modified, possibly retroactively, and are subject to differing interpretations which could result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below. We have not requested a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions or will not take a contrary position regarding the tax consequences described herein, or that any such contrary position would not be sustained by a court.
| S-16 |
For the purposes of this discussion, a "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants, other than a partnership or other pass-through entity or a person holding our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants through a partnership or other pass-through entity, that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (a) an individual citizen or resident of the United States, (b) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes), created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (c) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (d) a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more "United States persons" (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.
If you are an individual non-U.S. citizen, you may, in some cases, be deemed to be a resident alien (as opposed to a nonresident alien) by virtue of being present in the United States for at least 31 days in the calendar year and for an aggregate of at least 183 days during a three-year period ending in the current calendar year. Generally, for this purpose, all the days present in the current year, one-third of the days present in the immediately preceding year, and one-sixth of the days present in the second preceding year, are counted.
Resident aliens are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as if they were U.S. citizens. Individuals who are uncertain of their status as resident or nonresident aliens for U.S. federal income tax purposes are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership or disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants.
PERSONS CONSIDERING THE PURCHASE OF OUR COMMON STOCK, PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS OR COMMON WARRANTS PURSUANT TO THIS OFFERING SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF ACQUIRING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK, PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS AND COMMON WARRANTS IN LIGHT OF THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY CONSEQUENCES ARISING UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY OTHER TAXING JURISDICTION, INCLUDING ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OR ANY U.S. FEDERAL NON-INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES, AND THE POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF TAX TREATIES.
Characterization of the Pre-Funded Warrants for Tax Purposes
Although the characterization of the pre-funded warrants for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not entirely clear, because the exercise price of the pre-funded warrants is a nominal amount, we intend to treat the pre-funded warrants as our common stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and a holder of pre-funded warrants should generally expect to be taxed in the same manner as a holder of common stock as described below. Accordingly, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, no gain or loss should be recognized upon the exercise of a pre-funded warrant (except to the extent of cash received in lieu of a fractional share and, with respect to a Non-U.S. Holder, certain other conditions are present, as discussed below in "Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders - Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants"), and upon exercise, the holding period of the share of common stock received should include the holding period of the pre-funded warrant. Similarly, the tax basis of a share of common stock received upon exercise of a pre-funded warrant should include the tax basis of the pre-funded warrant increased by the exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The balance of this discussion generally assumes that the characterization described above is respected for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Our position with respect to the characterization of pre-funded warrants is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may treat the pre-funded warrants as warrants to acquire our common stock. If so, the amount and character of your gain or loss with respect to an investment in our pre-funded warrants could be materially different from the discussion set forth below. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the characterization of pre-funded warrants for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the consequences to you of an investment in the pre-funded warrants based on your own particular facts and circumstances.
| S-17 |
Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders
Exercise of Warrants
A U.S. Holder generally will not recognize gain or loss on the exercise of a warrant and related receipt of our common stock (unless cash is received in lieu of the issuance of a fractional share of common stock). A U.S. Holder's initial tax basis in common stock received on the exercise of a warrant should be equal to the sum of (a) such U.S. Holder's tax basis in such warrant plus (b) the exercise price paid by such U.S. Holder on the exercise of such warrant. A U.S. Holder's holding period for common stock received upon exercise of a warrant should generally begin on the day after such U.S. Holder exercises the warrant. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a cashless exercise of a warrant into our common stock is unclear and the tax consequences of a cashless exercise could differ from the tax consequences described in this paragraph. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a cashless exercise of warrants.
Distributions on common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants
As stated under "Dividend Policy," we do not expect to make cash distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants) in the foreseeable future. Subject to the discussion below regarding distributions on our warrants and the discussion above in the section titled " - Characterization of the pre-funded warrants for tax purposes," in the event that we do make distributions of cash or other property, distributions paid on common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants) will be treated as a dividend to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), and will be includible in your income as ordinary income when received. However, with respect to dividends received by individuals, such dividends are generally taxed at the lower applicable long-term capital gains rates, provided certain holding period requirements are satisfied. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder's tax basis in the common stock (or pre-funded warrant or common warrant) and thereafter as capital gain from the sale or exchange of such common stock (or pre-funded warrant or common warrant). The tax treatment of such gain is further described in "-Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants" below. Dividends received by a corporation may be eligible for a dividends received deduction, subject to applicable limitations. Any such distributions will also be subject to the discussions below under the section titled "-Information reporting and backup withholding."
A U.S. Holder of a pre-funded warrant may be entitled to receive certain distributions, including cash dividends, paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the pre-funded warrant and, in such case, should be taxed in the same manner as a U.S. Holder of common stock that receives such a distribution. A U.S. Holder of a warrant may be entitled to receive certain distributions, including cash dividends, paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the warrant. The taxation of a distribution (if any) received with respect to a warrant is unclear. Although the matter is not free from doubt, we intend to treat any such distribution to a holder of a warrant as a distribution with respect to shares of our common stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of such warrant for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in which case, such a distribution would be treated as a distribution described in the immediately preceding paragraph. However, the matter is not entirely free from doubt, and U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income consequences of distributions received with respect to the warrants.
Such distributions described in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be held in abeyance for the U.S. Holder until a pre-funded warrant or common warrant is exercised. Upon the pre-funded warrant or common warrant being exercised, the U.S. Holder would be entitled to receive such distributions. It is possible that such entitlement to distributions could cause the declaration of a distribution on our common stock to be currently taxable to the U.S. Holders of pre-funded warrants or common warrants, including under the principles governing Section 305 of the Code. Additionally, it is possible that other adjustments to the terms of the pre-funded warrant or common warrant could be considered a constructive distribution under Section 305 of the Code. A holder of a pre-funded warrant or common warrant should consult its tax advisor regarding the tax treatment of any constructive distribution or any distribution with respect to such pre-funded warrant or common warrant that is held in abeyance.
| S-18 |
Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, gain or loss realized on the sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held the common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants for more than one year. The amount of the gain or loss will equal the difference between your tax basis in the common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition. Long-term capital gains recognized by non-corporate U.S. Holders will be subject to reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. If a warrant expires without being exercised, a U.S. Holder will generally recognize a capital loss in an amount equal to such U.S. Holder's tax basis in the warrant. This loss will be long-term capital loss if, at the time of the expiration, the U.S. Holder's holding period in the warrant is more than one year.
Information reporting and backup withholding
Information reporting requirements generally will apply to any payments of dividends on our common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants, constructive dividends on our pre-funded warrants or common warrants, and gross proceeds on the sale or other disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants, unless the U.S. Holder is an exempt recipient (such as a corporation). Backup withholding (currently at a 24% rate) will apply to those payments if the U.S. Holder fails to provide its correct taxpayer identification number, or certification of exempt status, or if the U.S. Holder is notified by the IRS that it has failed to report in full payments of interest and dividend income. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished timely to the IRS.
Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders
For purposes of this discussion, a Non-U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is neither a U.S. Holder (as defined above), a partnership or other pass-through entity, nor a person holding our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants through a partnership or other pass-through entity. If you are not a Non-U.S. Holder, this section does not apply to you.
Exercise of Warrants
A Non-U.S. Holder generally will not recognize gain or loss on the exercise of a warrant and related receipt of common stock (unless cash is received in lieu of the issuance of a fractional share of common stock and certain other conditions are present, as discussed below under "- Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants"). A Non-U.S. Holder's initial tax basis in common stock received on the exercise of a warrant should be equal to the sum of (a) such Non-U.S. Holder's tax basis in such warrant plus (b) the exercise price paid by such Non-U.S. Holder on the exercise of such warrant. A Non-U.S. Holder's holding period for common stock received upon exercise of a warrant should generally begin on the day after such Non-U.S. Holder exercises the warrant. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a cashless exercise of a warrant into our common stock is unclear and the tax consequences of a cashless exercise could differ from the tax consequences described in this paragraph. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a cashless exercise of warrants.
Distributions on common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants
As stated under "Dividend Policy," we do not expect to make any cash distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants) in the foreseeable future. If we do make distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants), however, such distributions made to a Non-U.S. Holder will, subject to the discussion below regarding distributions on our warrants and the discussion above under the section titled "-Characterization of the Pre-Funded Warrants for Tax Purposes," constitute dividends for U.S. tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will constitute a return of capital that is applied against and reduces, but not below zero, a Non-U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in our common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants). Any remaining excess will be treated as gain realized as described below under the section titled "-Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants."
| S-19 |
Any distribution on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants or common warrants) that is treated as a dividend paid to a Non-U.S. Holder that is not effectively connected with the holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States will generally be subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the Non-U.S. Holder's country of residence. To obtain a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty, a Non-U.S. Holder generally will be required to provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or other appropriate form, certifying the Non-U.S. Holder's entitlement to benefits under that treaty. Such form must be provided prior to the payment of dividends and must be updated periodically. If a Non-U.S. Holder holds stock through a financial institution or other agent acting on the holder's behalf, the holder will be required to provide appropriate documentation to such agent. The holder's agent may then be required to provide certification to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. If you are eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty, you should consult with your own tax advisor to determine if you are able to obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim with the IRS.
An applicable withholding agent generally is not required to withhold tax on dividends paid (or constructive dividends deemed paid) to a Non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with the holder's conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, are attributable to a permanent establishment that the holder maintains in the United States) if a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI, stating that the dividends are so connected, is furnished to the applicable withholding agent. In general, such effectively connected dividends will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular rates applicable to U.S. persons, unless a specific treaty exemption applies. A corporate Non-U.S. Holder receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to an additional "branch profits tax," which is imposed, under certain circumstances, at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable treaty) on the corporate Non-U.S. Holder's effectively connected earnings and profits, subject to certain adjustments.
A Non-U.S. Holder of a pre-funded warrant may be entitled to receive certain distributions, including cash dividends, paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the pre-funded warrant and, in such case, should be taxed in the same manner as a Non-U.S. Holder of common stock that receives such a distribution. A Non-U.S. Holder of a warrant may be entitled to receive certain distributions, including cash dividends, paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the warrant; however, as described above under the heading "Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders - Distributions on common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants" the taxation of a distribution received with respect to a warrant is unclear. Although the matter is not free from doubt, we intend to treat any such distribution to a holder of a warrant as a distribution with respect to shares of our common stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of such warrant for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in which case, such a distribution would be treated as a distribution described in the immediately preceding paragraphs. However, the matter is not entirely free from doubt, and Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income consequences of distributions received with respect to the warrants.
Such distributions described in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be held in abeyance for a Non-U.S. Holder until a pre-funded warrant or common warrant is exercised. Upon the pre-funded warrant or common warrant being exercised, the Non-U.S. Holder would be entitled to receive such distributions. It is possible that such entitlement to distributions could cause the declaration of a distribution on our common stock to be currently taxable to the Non-U.S. Holders of pre-funded warrants or common warrants, including under the principles governing Section 305 of the Code. Additionally, it is possible that other adjustments to the terms of the pre-funded warrant or common warrant could be considered a constructive distribution under Section 305 of the Code. A holder of a pre-funded warrant or common warrant should consult its tax advisor regarding the tax treatment of any constructive distribution or any distribution with respect to such pre-funded warrant or common warrant that is held in abeyance.
See also the section below titled "-Foreign accounts" for additional withholding rules that may apply to dividends paid to certain foreign financial institutions or non-financial foreign entities.
| S-20 |
Sale or other disposition of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants
Subject to the discussion below under the sections titled "-Information reporting and backup withholding" and "-Foreign accounts," a Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax with respect to gain realized on a sale or other disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants unless (a) the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the holder in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a permanent establishment that the holder maintains in the United States), (b) the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual and is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 or more days in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other conditions are met, or (c) we are or have been a "United States real property holding corporation" within the meaning of Code Section 897(c)(2), unless any class of our stock is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Non-U.S. Holder disposes of such class of stock and holds no more than 5% of such class of stock, directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, during the shorter of the 5-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the Non-U.S. Holder held such class of stock.
If you are a Non-U.S. Holder described in (a) above, you will be required to pay tax on the net gain derived from the sale at the regular U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to U.S. persons, unless a specific treaty exemption applies. Corporate Non-U.S. Holders described in (a) above may also be subject to the additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. If you are an individual Non-U.S. Holder described in (b) above, you will be required to pay a flat 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which gain may be offset by certain U.S. source capital losses (even though you are not considered a resident of the United States), provided you have timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses. With respect to (c) above, in general, we would be a U.S. real property holding corporation if our interests in U.S. real property equal or exceed (by fair market value) at least half of our worldwide real property interests plus our other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a U.S. real property holding corporation. However, there can be no assurance that we will not become a U.S. real property holding corporation in the future. Special rules may apply to Non-U.S. Holders of pre-funded warrants or common warrants (which are unlikely to constitute a regularly traded class of stock for purposes of the rules described above), and non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors concerning those rules.
Information reporting and backup withholding
Generally, we or certain financial middlemen must report information to the IRS with respect to any distributions we pay on our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants and any constructive dividends deemed paid on pre-funded warrants or common warrants including the amount of any such distributions, the name and address of the recipient, and the amount, if any, of tax withheld. A similar report is sent to the holder to whom any such distributions are paid. These information reporting requirements apply even if no withholding was required (because the distributions were effectively connected with the holder's conduct of a U.S. trade or business, or withholding was reduced or eliminated by an applicable income tax treaty) and regardless of whether such distributions constitute dividends. Pursuant to tax treaties or certain other agreements, the IRS may make its reports available to tax authorities in the recipient's country of residence.
Dividends paid by us (or our paying agents) to a Non-U.S. Holder may also be subject to U.S. backup withholding. U.S. backup withholding generally will not apply to a Non-U.S. Holder who provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, as applicable, or otherwise establishes an exemption, provided that the applicable withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the holder is a U.S. person.
Under current U.S. federal income tax law, U.S. information reporting and backup withholding requirements generally will apply to the proceeds of a disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants effected by or through a U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or non-U.S., unless the Non-U.S. Holder provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, as applicable, or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing non-U.S. person status or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, U.S. information reporting and backup withholding requirements will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds to a Non-U.S. Holder where the transaction is effected outside the United States through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker. Information reporting and backup withholding requirements may, however, apply to a payment of disposition proceeds if the broker has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that the holder is, in fact, a U.S. person. For information reporting purposes, certain brokers with substantial U.S. ownership or operations will generally be treated in a manner similar to U.S. brokers.
| S-21 |
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. If backup withholding is applied to you, you should consult with your own tax advisor to determine whether you are able to obtain a tax refund or credit of such amount.
Foreign Accounts
In addition to, and separately from the withholding rules described above, U.S. federal withholding taxes may apply under the provisions of the Code commonly known as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA, on certain types of payments, including dividends to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends paid in respect of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants, constructive distributions deemed paid with respect to pre-funded warrants or common warrants and, subject to the discussion of certain proposed Treasury Regulations below, the gross proceeds of the disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants paid to a "foreign financial institution" or a "non-financial foreign entity" (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution agrees to undertake certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any "substantial United States owners" (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. The 30% federal withholding tax described in this paragraph cannot be reduced under an income tax treaty with the United States. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain "specified United States persons" or "United States-owned foreign entities" (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.
The Treasury Secretary has issued proposed regulations providing that the withholding provisions under FATCA do not apply with respect to payment of gross proceeds (such as gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants), which may be relied upon by taxpayers until final regulations are issued. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our common stock, pre-funded warrants or common warrants.
EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK, PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS AND COMMON WARRANTS, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAW, AS WELL AS TAX CONSEQUENCES ARISING UNDER ANY STATE, LOCAL, NON-U.S. OR U.S. FEDERAL NON-INCOME TAX LAWS SUCH AS ESTATE AND GIFT TAX.
| S-22 |
UNDERWRITING
Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC is acting as representative of each of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement by and among us and the underwriters, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase from us, the number of shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants set forth opposite its name below.
| Underwriter |
Number of Shares |
Number of Pre-Funded Warrants |
Number of Accompanying Common Warrants |
|||||||||
| Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC | ||||||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||||
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement, the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the securities sold under the underwriting agreement if any of these securities are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the underwriters who have not defaulted may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
The underwriters are offering the securities, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the validity of the securities, and other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officer's certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel, or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Commissions and Discounts
The representative has advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the shares, the pre-funded warrants and the common warrants to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $ per share of common stock, pre-funded warrant or common warrant. After the initial offering, the public offering price, concession, or any other term of the offering may be changed.
The following table shows the public offering price per share of common stock, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us. This information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares.
| Per Share and Accompanying Common Warrant | Per Pre-Funded Warrant and Accompanying Common Warrant | Total Without Exercise of Underwriters Option | Total With Full Exercise of Underwriters Option | |||||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Underwriting discounts and commissions | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| S-23 |
We are offering to those purchasers whose purchase of shares of common stock in this offering would result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than 4.99%, or at the purchaser's election, 9.99%, of our outstanding common stock following the consummation of this offering, the opportunity to purchase, in lieu of the shares of our common stock that would result in ownership in excess of 4.99% or 9.99%, as applicable, pre-funded warrants to purchase such excess shares of our common stock. Each pre-funded warrant has an exercise price of $0.0001. The purchase price for each such pre-funded warrant will equal the price per share at which the shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, minus the $0.0001 per share exercise price of each such pre-funded warrant.
The expenses of the offering, not including the underwriting discount, are estimated to be approximately $ and are payable by us.
Option to Purchase Additional Securities
We have granted the representative an option, exercisable for 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to additional shares of our common stock and/or pre-funded warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or any combination thereof), and/or common warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), from us at the applicable public offering price, less the underwriting discount. If the representative exercises this option, each will be obligated, subject to conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, to purchase a number of additional of our securities proportionate to that representative's initial amount reflected in the above table.
No Sales of Similar Securities
We have agreed not to sell or transfer any common stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for, exercisable for, or repayable with common stock, beginning on the date of this prospectus supplement and ending 60 days after the closing date of this offering without the prior written consent of the representative. Our executive officers and directors have also agreed not to sell or transfer any common stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for, exercisable for, or repayable with common stock, for 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement without the prior written consent of the representative. Specifically, we and these other persons have agreed, with certain limited exceptions, not to directly or indirectly:
| ● | offer, pledge, sell, or contract to sell any common stock, | |
| ● | sell any option or contract to purchase any common stock, | |
| ● | purchase any option or contract to sell any common stock, | |
| ● | grant any option, right, or warrant for the sale of any common stock, | |
| ● | lend or otherwise dispose of or transfer any common stock, | |
| ● | request or demand that we file or make a confidential submission of a registration statement related to the common stock, | |
| ● | enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequence of ownership of any common stock whether any such swap or transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares or other securities, in cash or otherwise, or | |
| ● | publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing. |
In addition, we have agreed not to, during the six-month period following the date of this prospectus supplement, without the prior written consent of the representative, enter into or effect the sale of any common stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for, exercisable for, or repayable with common stock in a transaction that includes any issuance of debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise provide the right to receive, shares of common stock at a conversion, exercise, exchange or other price that is based upon or varies with the trading price of the common stock following issuance, or that is subject to adjustment or reset at a future date or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events relating to our business or the market for the common stock. This restriction also applies to transactions, including equity lines of credit and at-the-market offerings, pursuant to which we may issue securities at a future-determined price, whether or not any securities are ultimately issued under such arrangement. This restriction is subject to certain exceptions including the issuance or sale of common stock pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement, issuances or sales of revenue bonds or other straight debt instruments that do not contain equity or equity-linked components or traditional term loans or credit facilities that do not contain equity or equity-linked conversion features.
| S-24 |
The Nasdaq Capital Market Listing
The shares of our common stock are listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR." We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants or common warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market, any other nationally recognized securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.
Price Stabilization, Short Positions
Until the distribution of the shares is completed, SEC rules may limit underwriters and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing our common stock. However, the representative may engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the common stock, such as bids or purchases to peg, fix, or maintain that price.
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell our common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, purchases on the open market to cover positions created by short sales, and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering. "Covered" short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares described above. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the option granted to them. "Naked" short sales are sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for, or purchases of, shares of common stock made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.
Similar to other purchase transactions, the underwriters' purchases to cover the syndicate short sales may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on The Nasdaq Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise.
Neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the representative will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Passive Market Making
In connection with this offering, underwriters and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of common stock and extending through the completion of distribution. A passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker's bid, that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may cause the price of our common stock to be higher than the price that otherwise would exist in the open market in the absence of those transactions. The underwriters and dealers are not required to engage in passive market making and may end passive market making activities at any time.
| S-25 |
Electronic Distribution
In connection with the offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses by electronic means, such as e-mail.
Other Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in, and may in the future engage in, investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us or our affiliates. They have received, or may in the future receive, customary fees and commissions for these transactions.
In addition, in the ordinary course of their business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.
European Economic Area and the United Kingdom
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom (each a "Relevant State"), no securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to this offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation), except that offers of securities may be made to the public in that Relevant State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:
| a. | to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under the Prospectus Regulation; |
| b. | to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representative for any such offer; or |
| c. | in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation, |
provided that no such offer of securities shall require the Issuer or any representative to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation.
Each person in a Relevant State who initially acquires any securities or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with the Company and the representative that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation.
In the case of any securities being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in Article 5(1) of the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the securities acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer to the public other than their offer or resale in a Relevant State to qualified investors, in circumstances in which the prior consent of the representative has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.
We, the representative and its affiliates will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing representations, acknowledgements and agreements.
| S-26 |
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an "offer to the public" in relation to any securities in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities, and the expression "Prospectus Regulation" means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.
References to the Prospectus Regulation include, in relation to the UK, the Prospectus Regulation as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.
The above selling restriction is in addition to any other selling restrictions set out below.
In connection with the offering, the representative is not acting for anyone other than the issuer and will not be responsible to anyone other than the issuer for providing the protections afforded to their clients nor for providing advice in relation to the offering.
Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom
In relation to the United Kingdom, or UK, no securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in the UK prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which has been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK in accordance with the UK Prospectus Regulation and the FSMA, except that offers of securities may be made to the public in the UK at any time under the following exemptions under the UK Prospectus Regulation and the FSMA:
(a) to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under the UK Prospectus Regulation;
(b) to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under the UK Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representative for any such offer; or
(c) at any time in other circumstances falling within section 86 of the FSMA, provided that no such offer of securities shall require the Issuer or any representative to publish a prospectus pursuant to Section 85 of the FSMA or Article 3 of the UK Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the UK Prospectus Regulation.
Each person in the UK who initially acquires any securities or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with the Company and the representative that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the UK Prospectus Regulation.
In the case of any securities being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in Article 5(1) of the UK Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the securities acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer to the public other than their offer or resale in the UK to qualified investors, in circumstances in which the prior consent of the representative has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.
The Company, the representative, and its affiliates will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing representations, acknowledgements, and agreements.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an "offer to the public" in relation to any securities in the UK means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities, the expression "UK Prospectus Regulation" means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, and the expression "FSMA" means the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
| S-27 |
This document is for distribution only to persons who (i) have professional experience in matters relating to investments and who qualify as investment professionals within the meaning of Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (as amended, the "Financial Promotion Order"), (ii) are persons falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) ("high net worth companies, unincorporated associations etc.") of the Financial Promotion Order, (iii) are outside the United Kingdom, or (iv) are persons to whom an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended ("FSMA")) in connection with the issue or sale of any securities may otherwise lawfully be communicated or caused to be communicated (all such persons together being referred to as "relevant persons"). This document is directed only at relevant persons and must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not relevant persons. Any investment or investment activity to which this document relates is available only to relevant persons and will be engaged in only with relevant persons.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland
The securities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange ("SIX") or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the securities or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, the Company, the securities have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), and the offer of securities has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes ("CISA"). The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of securities.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia
No placement document, prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document has been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission ("ASIC"), in relation to the offering. This prospectus supplement does not constitute a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act 2001 (the "Corporations Act"), and does not purport to include the information required for a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act.
Any offer in Australia of the securities may only be made to persons (the "Exempt Investors") who are "sophisticated investors" (within the meaning of section 708(8) of the Corporations Act), "professional investors" (within the meaning of section 708(11) of the Corporations Act) or otherwise pursuant to one or more exemptions contained in section 708 of the Corporations Act so that it is lawful to offer the securities without disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act.
The securities applied for by Exempt Investors in Australia must not be offered for sale in Australia in the period of 12 months after the date of allotment under the offering, except in circumstances where disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act would not be required pursuant to an exemption under section 708 of the Corporations Act or otherwise or where the offer is pursuant to a disclosure document which complies with Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act. Any person acquiring securities must observe such Australian on-sale restrictions.
This prospectus supplement contains general information only and does not take account of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any particular person. It does not contain any securities recommendations or financial product advice. Before making an investment decision, investors need to consider whether the information in this prospectus supplement is appropriate to their needs, objectives and circumstances, and, if necessary, seek expert advice on those matters.
| S-28 |
Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong
The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (a) to "professional investors" as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made under that Ordinance; or (b) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a "prospectus" as defined in the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of that Ordinance. No advertisement, invitation or document relating to the securities has been or may be issued or has been or may be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to securities which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to "professional investors" as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made under that Ordinance.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948, as amended) and, accordingly, will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan, or for the benefit of any Japanese Person or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to any Japanese Person, except in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines promulgated by relevant Japanese governmental or regulatory authorities in effect at the relevant time. For the purposes of this paragraph, "Japanese Person" shall mean any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore
This prospectus supplement has not been registered as a prospectus supplement with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, the securities were not offered or sold or caused to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase and will not be offered or sold or caused to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, and this prospectus supplement or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the securities, has not been circulated or distributed, nor will it be circulated or distributed, whether directly or indirectly, to any person in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289) of Singapore, as modified or amended from time to time (the "SFA")) pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA, or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
Where the securities are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:
| (a) | a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or |
| (b) | a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor, |
securities or securities-based derivatives contracts (each term as defined in Section 2(1) of the SFA) of that corporation or the beneficiaries' rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the securities pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:
| (a) | to an institutional investor or to a relevant person, or to any person arising from an offer referred to in Section 275(1A) or Section 276(4)(i)(B) of the SFA; |
| S-29 |
| (b) | where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; |
| (c) | where the transfer is by operation of law; or |
| (d) | as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA. |
Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada
The securities may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser's province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser's province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, section 3A.4) of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
| S-30 |
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants and common warrants being offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by Greenberg Traurig, LLP, New York, New York. Sullivan & Worcester LLP, New York, New York is acting as counsel to the underwriters in connection with this offering.
EXPERTS
The financial statements incorporated into this prospectus supplement by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1.b to the financial statements) of Kesselman & Kesselman, Certified Public Accountants (Isr.), a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC. This prospectus supplement does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement.
We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. We also maintain a website located at www.inspiremd.com, where these SEC filings and other information about us can be accessed, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The information contained on or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, except for reports filed with the SEC that are specifically incorporated herein or therein by reference.
Forms of any documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part or will be filed through an amendment to our registration statement on Form S-3 or under cover of a Current Report on Form 8-K or other document filed with the SEC and incorporated into this prospectus supplement by reference. Statements in this prospectus supplement about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. The full registration statement, including exhibits thereto, may be obtained from either the SEC or us as indicated above.
| S-31 |
INFORMATION WE INCORPORATE BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" information into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus to the extent a statement contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any other subsequently filed document that is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. We incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part the information or documents listed below (other than Current Reports on Form 8-K or portions thereof furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed or furnished on such form that are related to such items) that we have filed with the SEC:
| ● | our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026; | |
| ● | our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2026 and June 30, 2026, filed with the SEC on May 7, 2026 and August 14, 2026, respectively; | |
| ● | our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on April 20, 2026, to the extent specifically incorporated by reference into Part III of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026; | |
| ● | our Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than the information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or 7.01 thereof or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 thereof) filed with the SEC on March 4, 2026, April 3, 2026, May 1, 2026, May 22, 2026, June 3, 2026, July 2, 2026, July 23, 2026, July 29, 2026, September 21, 2026 and November 12, 2026/ November 12, 2026 ; and | |
| ● | the description of the Company's securities in Exhibit 4.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026, and as may be further updated or amended in any amendment or report filed for such purpose. |
We also incorporate by reference the information contained in all other documents that we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (other than the portions that are deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules and exhibits that are related to such items, unless otherwise indicated therein), on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and prior to the completion of the offering of all securities under this prospectus supplement. The information contained in any such document will be considered part of this prospectus supplement from the date the document is filed with the SEC. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or therein or in any other subsequently filed document, which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus supplement (or a notice of registration in lieu thereof) is delivered, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement (other than an exhibit to these filings, unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference in the document requested) at no cost. Any such request can be made by writing or telephoning us at the following address and telephone number:
InspireMD, Inc.
6303 Waterford District Drive, Suite 215
Miami, Florida 33126
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
(888) 776-6804
| S-32 |
PROSPECTUS
$200,000,000
Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Subscription Rights
Debt Securities, Warrants, Units
We may offer, issue and sell from time to time up to $200,000,000, of our common stock, preferred stock, subscription rights, debt securities, warrants and a combination of such securities, separately or as units, in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides a general description of offerings of these securities that we may undertake.
We refer to the shares of common stock, preferred stock, subscription rights, debt securities, warrants and units collectively as "securities" in this prospectus.
Each time we sell securities pursuant to this prospectus, we will provide in a supplement to this prospectus the price and any other material terms of any such offering. Any prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, as well as the documents incorporated by reference or deemed incorporated by reference into this prospectus, carefully before you invest in any securities. This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
We may, from time to time, offer to sell the securities, through public or private transactions, directly or through underwriters, agents or dealers, on or off The Nasdaq Capital Market, at prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices. If any underwriters, agents or dealers are involved in the sale of any of these securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will set forth the names of the underwriter, agent or dealer and any applicable fees, commissions or discounts.
Our shares of common stock are traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR." The last reported price of our shares of common stock, as reported on The Nasdaq Capital Market on March 26, 2025 was $2.68 per share.
Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully read and consider the risk factors included in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), in any applicable prospectus supplement relating to a specific offering of securities and in any other documents we file with the SEC. See the section entitled "Risk Factors" on page 4 of this prospectus, in our other filings with the SEC and in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus, or determined if this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is April 10, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS | 1 |
| PROSPECTUS SUMMARY | 2 |
| RISK FACTORS | 4 |
| FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 5 |
| USE OF PROCEEDS | 6 |
| THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER | 7 |
| DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK | 8 |
| DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS | 12 |
| DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES | 13 |
| DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS | 25 |
| DESCRIPTION OF UNITS | 26 |
| FORMS OF SECURITIES | 27 |
| PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | 28 |
| LEGAL MATTERS | 31 |
| EXPERTS | 31 |
| WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION | 31 |
| INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE | 32 |
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, utilizing a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer and sell separately or together in any combination the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total price to the public of $200,000,000. The offer and sale of securities under this prospectus may be made from time to time, in one or more offerings, in any manner described under the section in this prospectus entitled "Plan of Distribution." This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, certain parts of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, you should refer to the registration statement and its exhibits for further information about us and our securities. Copies of the registration statement and its exhibits are on file with the SEC. Statements contained in this prospectus concerning the documents we have filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive, and in each instance we refer you to a copy of the actual document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or otherwise filed with the SEC.
This prospectus provides you with only a general description of the securities we may offer. It is not meant to be a complete description of any security. Each time we sell securities, we will provide this prospectus and a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus, and may also contain information about any material federal income tax considerations relating to the securities covered by the prospectus supplement. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information under the headings "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference."
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or any "free writing prospectus." We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, securities only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the dates of their covers, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or of any sale of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus and the prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement, provided that if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date - for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any prospectus supplement - the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.
This prospectus incorporates by reference market data and certain industry data and forecasts that were obtained from market research databases, consultant surveys commissioned by us, publicly available information, reports of governmental agencies and industry publications and surveys. Industry surveys, publications, consultant surveys commissioned by us and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. We have relied on certain data from third-party sources, including internal surveys, industry forecasts and market research, which we believe to be reliable based on our management's knowledge of the industry. Statements as to our market position are based on the most currently available data. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented in this annual report, our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed or referred to under the heading "Risk Factors" in this prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated herein by reference.
Certain figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them.
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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary provides an overview of selected information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our securities. You should carefully read the prospectus, the information incorporated by reference and the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part in their entirety before investing in our securities, including the information discussed under "Risk Factors" in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference and our financial statements and related notes that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus. As used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise indicates, the terms "we," "our," "us," or "the Company" refer to InspireMD, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Overview
We are a medical device company focusing on the development and commercialization of products for the treatment of carotid artery disease and other vascular disease, including our proprietary CGuard™ stent platform. A stent is an expandable scaffold-like device, usually constructed of a metallic material, that is inserted into the lumen of an artery to create patency and improved blood flow. A sleeve of MicroNet™ mesh is attached over a stent to provide embolic protection both during and after stenting procedures.
Our CGuard™ carotid embolic prevention system ("CGuard EPS") combines MicroNet and a unique self-expandable nitinol stent in a single device for use in carotid artery revascularization. Our CGuard EPS originally received CE mark approval under Medical Device Directive 93/42/EEC ("MDD") in the European Union ("EU") in March 2013 and was fully launched in Europe in September 2015. Subsequently, we launched CGuard EPS in over 30 countries and on February 3, 2021, we executed a distribution agreement with Chinese partners for the purpose of expanding our presence in the Asian markets. In January 2024, we received CE mark recertification under the EU's Medical Device Regulation regulatory framework.
On September 8, 2020, we received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") of our Investigation Device Exemption ("IDE"), thereby allowing us to proceed with a pivotal study of our CGuard™ Carotid Stent System, C-GUARDIANS, for prevention of stroke in patients in the United States. C-GUARDIANS is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, pivotal study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the CGuard™ Carotid Stent System when used to treat symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in patients undergoing carotid artery stenting ("CAS"). The study, which completed enrollment in June 2023, enrolled 316 patients across 24 trial sites in the U.S. and Europe and from April 2023 included deployment of the CGuard stent using CGuard Prime, our next generation CAS stent platform.
The primary endpoint was a composite of: (1) incidence of major adverse events including Death (all-cause mortality), any Stroke, and Myocardial Infarction (DSMI) through 30-days post index procedure, or (2) ipsilateral stroke from day 31 to day 365 post-procedure. All events were adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee. The composite index was compared to a performance goal based on the observed rate of the two components of the primary endpoint from previous pivotal stent trials which are considered industry standard. The performance goal was considered met if the upper bound of the two-sided 95% confidence interval calculated from the observed primary endpoint rate is < 11.6% and the p-value is less than 0.025.
In November 2023, we announced positive 30-day follow up results from the C-GUARDIANS trial in which stenting with the CGuard Carotid Stent System in patients with carotid artery stenosis and at high risk for carotid endarterectomy had a DSMI rate of 0.95%, measured from the date of the procedure through 30 days follow-up post-procedure. In May 2024, we announced positive one-year follow up results from the C-GUARDIANS trial, with a rate of 30-day DSMI and ipsilateral stroke between 31 and 365 days of 1.95%.
These data were used to support the premarket approval ("PMA") submission in September 2024 with a view to potential FDA approval of the CGuard Prime carotid stent system in the first half of 2025.
In October 2024, the FDA approved the Company's IDE to initiate the CGUARDIANS II pivotal study of its CGuard Prime 80cm Carotid Stent System during transcarotid revascularization (TCAR) procedures.
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In October 2023, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service ("CMS") issued its final National Coverage Determination ("NCD"), expanding coverage for both CAS and TCAR to include both asymptomatic and standard risk patients, significantly expanding and supporting the future growth of the U.S. CAS addressable market.
We continue to invest in current and future potential new indications, products and manufacturing enhancements for CGuard that are expected to reduce cost of goods and/or provide the best-in-class performing delivery systems, such as CGuard Prime. In furtherance of our strategy that focuses on establishing the CGuard Carotid Stent System as a viable alternative to vascular surgery, we are developing a new transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) system, SwitchGuard™ neuroprotection system ("SwitchGuard NPS"), for transcarotid access and neuro protection. In addition, we intend to explore new indications for CGuard to leverage the advantages of stent design and mesh protection, well suited in labels such as acute stroke with tandem lesions.
We consider our current addressable market for our CGuard Carotid Stent System and SwitchGuard NPS to be both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with diagnosed high-grade carotid artery stenosis for whom intervention is preferable to medical (drug) therapy. This group includes not only carotid artery stenting patients but also individuals undergoing carotid endarterectomy, as the two approaches compete for the same patient population. Assuming full penetration of the intervention caseload by CGuard, we estimate that the addressable market for CGuard Carotid Stent System and SwitchGuard NPS is approximately $1.3 billion (source: Health Research International Personal Medical Systems, Inc. September 13, 2021 Results of Update Report on Global Carotid Stenting Procedures and Markets by Major Geography and Addressable Markets and internal estimates). According to this same report and internal estimates, assuming full penetration of treatment for all individuals diagnosed with high-grade carotid artery stenosis, we estimate the total available market for CGuard Carotid Stent System and SwitchGuard NPS to be approximately $9.3 billion, which may grow over time if expanded treatment options such as CGuard Carotid Stent System and SwitchGuard NPS lead to increased patient screening for carotid artery disease.
Corporate Information
We were organized in the State of Delaware on February 29, 2008. In October 2024, we established our global headquarters in Miami, Florida to support the anticipated U.S. launch and commercialization of the CGuard Prime carotid stent system.
Our principal executive offices are located at 6303 Waterford District Drive, Suite 215, Miami, Florida 33126, and our telephone number is (888) 776-6804. Our website address is http://www.inspiremd.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is neither a part of nor incorporated into this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
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RISK FACTORS
An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. The prospectus supplement applicable to each offering of our securities will contain a discussion of the risks applicable to an investment in our securities. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should carefully consider the specific factors discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in the applicable prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information contained or incorporated by reference in the prospectus supplement or appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You should also consider the risks, uncertainties and assumptions discussed under Item 1A, "Risk Factors," in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and any subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or Current Report on Form 8-K which are incorporated herein by reference, as updated or superseded by the risks and uncertainties described under similar headings in the other documents that are filed after the date hereof and incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any prospectus supplement related to a particular offering. The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our operations. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, business prospects, financial condition or results of operations could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also read carefully the section below entitled "Forward-Looking Statements."
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, contains, and any prospectus supplement may contain statements that are forward-looking statements about our future events, future financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment and regulation, including, revenue growth and anticipated FDA approval and potential U.S. commercial launch, impacts on our business of public health measures, expectations, beliefs or intentions regarding, among other things, our product development efforts, business, financial condition, results of operations, strategies, plans and prospects. In addition, from time to time, we or our representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing.
Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "believe," "expect," "intend," "plan," "may," "should," "anticipate," "could," "would," "might," "seek," "target," "will," "project," "predict," "forecast," "potential," "continue" or their negatives or variations of these words or other comparable words or by the fact that these statements do not relate strictly to historical matters. These forward-looking statements may be included in, among other things, various filings made by us with the SEC, press releases or oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized executive officers. Forward-looking statements relate to anticipated or expected events, activities, trends or results as of the date they are made. Because forward-looking statements relate to matters that have not yet occurred, these statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Many factors could cause our actual activities or results to differ materially from the activities and results anticipated in forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to:
| ● | our history of recurring losses and negative cash flows from operating activities, significant future commitments and the uncertainty regarding the adequacy of our liquidity to pursue our complete business objectives, and substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern; | |
| ● | our need to raise additional capital to meet our business requirements in the future and such capital raising may be costly or difficult to obtain and could dilute out stockholders' ownership interests; | |
| ● | market acceptance of our products; | |
| ● | an inability to secure and maintain regulatory approvals for the sale of our products; | |
| ● | negative clinical trial results or lengthy product delays in key markets; | |
| ● | our ability to maintain compliance with the Nasdaq listing standards; | |
| ● | our ability to generate significant revenues from our products; | |
| ● | our dependence on a single manufacturing facility and our ability to comply with stringent manufacturing quality standards and to increase production as necessary; | |
| ● | the risk that the data collected from our current and planned clinical trials may not be sufficient to demonstrate that our technology is an attractive alternative to other procedures and products; | |
| ● | intense competition in our industry, with competitors having substantially greater financial, technological, research and development, regulatory and clinical, manufacturing, marketing and sales, distribution and personnel resources than we do; | |
| ● | entry of new competitors and products and potential technological obsolescence of our products; | |
| ● | inability to carry out research, development and commercialization plans; | |
| ● | loss of a key customer or supplier; | |
| ● | technical problems with our research and products and potential product liability claims; | |
| ● | product malfunctions; | |
| ● | price increases for supplies and components; | |
| ● | insufficient or inadequate reimbursement by governmental and other third-party payers for our products; | |
| ● | our efforts to successfully obtain and maintain intellectual property protection covering our products, which may not be successful; | |
| ● | adverse federal, state and local government regulation, in the United States, Europe or Israel and other foreign jurisdictions; | |
| ● | the fact that we conduct business in multiple foreign jurisdictions, exposing us to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, logistical and communications challenges, burdens and costs of compliance with foreign laws and political and economic instability in each jurisdiction; | |
| ● | security, political and economic instability in the Middle East that could harm our business, including due to the current security situation in Israel; and | |
| ● | current or future unfavorable economic and market conditions and adverse developments with respect to financial institutions and associated liquidity risk. |
We believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable; however, these statements are only current predictions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements. We discuss or refer you to many of these risks in this prospectus in greater detail under the heading "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus. Given these uncertainties, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events.
All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf speak only as of the date hereof and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this prospectus. We undertake no obligations to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. In evaluating forward-looking statements, you should consider these risks and uncertainties and not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless we specify another use in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us for research and development, sales and marketing, and working capital and other general corporate purposes.
Investors are cautioned, however, that expenditures may vary substantially from these uses. Investors will be relying on the judgment of our management, who will have broad discretion regarding the application of the proceeds of this offering. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including the amount of cash generated by our operations, the amount of competition and other operational factors. We may find it necessary or advisable to use portions of the proceeds from this offering for other purposes.
From time to time, we evaluate these and other factors and we anticipate continuing to make such evaluations to determine if the existing allocation of resources, including the proceeds of this offering, is being optimized. Circumstances that may give rise to a change in the use of proceeds include:
| ● | a change in development plan or strategy; | |
| ● | the addition of new products or applications; | |
| ● | expansion of manufacturing capabilities and facilities; | |
| ● | technical delays; | |
| ● | delays or difficulties with our clinical trials; | |
| ● | negative results from our clinical trials; | |
| ● | difficulty obtaining U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval; | |
| ● | failure to achieve sales as anticipated; and | |
| ● | the availability of other sources of cash including cash flow from operations and new bank debt financing arrangements, if any. |
Pending other uses, we intend to invest the proceeds to us in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities such as money market funds, certificates of deposit, or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government, or hold as cash. We cannot predict whether the proceeds invested will yield a favorable, or any, return.
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THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER
General
The descriptions of the securities contained in this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplements, summarize all of the material terms and provisions of the various types of securities that we may offer. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any securities the particular terms of the securities offered by that prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, the terms of the securities may differ from the terms we have summarized below. We may also include in the prospectus supplement information about material United States federal income tax considerations relating to the securities, and the securities exchange, if any, on which the securities will be listed.
| ● | We may sell from time to time, in one or more offerings: | |
| ● | common stock; | |
| ● | preferred stock; | |
| ● | subscription rights; | |
| ● | debt securities; | |
| ● | warrants; | |
| ● | units consisting of any combination of the securities listed above. |
In this prospectus, we refer to the common stock, preferred stock, subscription rights, debt securities, warrants and units collectively as "securities." The total dollar amount of all securities that we may sell will not exceed $200,000,000.
If we issue debt securities at a discount from their original stated principal amount, then, for purposes of calculating the total dollar amount of all securities issued under this prospectus, we will treat the initial offering price of the debt securities as the total original principal amount of the debt securities.
This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
The following description of common stock and preferred stock summarizes the material terms and provisions of the common stock and preferred stock that we may offer under this prospectus, but is not complete. For the complete terms of our common stock and preferred stock, please refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, or our Certificate of Incorporation, any certificates of designation for our preferred stock, and our amended and restated bylaws, as may be amended from time to time. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any future common stock or preferred stock that we may offer, we will describe the specific terms of any series of preferred stock in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in a prospectus supplement, the terms of any preferred stock we offer under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below.
Authorized Capital Stock
Pursuant to our Certificate of Incorporation, we have authorized 155,000,000 shares of capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which 150,000,000 are shares of common stock and 5,000,000 are shares of "blank check" preferred stock. The authorized and unissued shares of common stock and the authorized and undesignated shares of preferred stock are available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless such action is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange on which our securities may be listed. Unless approval of our stockholders is so required, our board of directors does not intend to seek stockholder approval for the issuance and sale of our common stock or preferred stock.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Our Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting. Our directors are divided into three classes. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms expire are elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election. The holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by our board of directors out of legally available funds; however, the current policy of our board of directors is to retain earnings, if any, for operations and growth. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets that are legally available for distribution. The holders of our common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock, which may be designated solely by action of our board of directors and issued in the future.
On April 26, 2021, Company effectuated a reverse stock split of its common stock at a ratio of 1-for-15.
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Securities Transfer Corporation. The transfer agent's address is 2901 N. Dallas Parkway, Suite 380, Plano, Texas 75093.
Our common stock trades on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NSPR."
Preferred Stock
The board of directors is authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without further vote or action by the stockholders, to issue from time to time shares of preferred stock in one or more series. Each such series of preferred stock shall have such number of shares, designations, preferences, voting powers, qualifications, and special or relative rights or privileges as shall be determined by the board of directors, which may include, among others, dividend rights, voting rights, liquidation preferences, conversion rights and preemptive rights. Issuance of preferred stock by our board of directors may result in such shares having dividend and/or liquidation preferences senior to the rights of the holders of our common stock and could dilute the voting rights of the holders of our common stock.
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Prior to the issuance of shares of each series of preferred stock, the board of directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, and our Certificate of Incorporation to adopt resolutions and file a certificate of designation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The certificate of designation fixes for each class or series the designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions, including, but not limited to, some or all of the following:
| ● | the number of shares constituting that series and the distinctive designation of that series, which number may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares then outstanding) from time to time by action of the board of directors; | |
| ● | the dividend rate and the manner and frequency of payment of dividends on the shares of that series, whether dividends will be cumulative, and, if so, from which date; | |
| ● | whether that series will have voting rights, in addition to any voting rights provided by law, and, if so, the terms of such voting rights; | |
| ● | whether that series will have conversion privileges, and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion, including provision for adjustment of the conversion rate in such events as the board of directors may determine; | |
| ● | whether or not the shares of that series will be redeemable, and, if so, the terms and conditions of such redemption; | |
| ● | whether that series will have a sinking fund for the redemption or purchase of shares of that series, and, if so, the terms and amount of such sinking fund; | |
| ● | whether or not the shares of the series will have priority over or be on a parity with or be junior to the shares of any other series or class in any respect; | |
| ● | the rights of the shares of that series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the corporation, and the relative rights or priority, if any, of payment of shares of that series; and | |
| ● | any other relative rights, preferences and limitations of that series. |
Once designated by our board of directors, each series of preferred stock may have specific financial and other terms.
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock
As of December 31, 2024, there were 1,718 shares of Series C Preferred Stock outstanding, convertible into an aggregate of 7,952 shares of our common stock.
On March 14, 2017, we issued 1,069,822 shares of Series C Preferred Stock in a public offering. Our Series C Preferred Stock had a stated value of $6.40, and each share of Series C Preferred Stock was initially convertible into 0.00015267 of a share of common stock at an initial conversion price equal to $42,000 per share of common stock. Series C Preferred Stock, to the extent that it has not been converted previously, is subject to full ratchet anti-dilution price protection upon the issuance of equity or equity-linked securities at an effective common stock purchase price of less than the conversion price then in effect, subject to adjustment as provided in the certificate of designation. In accordance with the anti-dilution price protection contained in the certificate of designation for the Series C Preferred Stock as further described below, we reduced the Series C Preferred Stock conversion price to $2,250.00 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on March 1, 2018, to $1,312.50 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on April 2, 2018, to $225.00 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on July 3, 2018, to $75.00 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on April 8, 2019, to $27.00 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on September 24, 2019, to $6.75 per share in connection with the underwritten public offering that closed on June 5, 2020, to $4.815 per share in connection with the utilization of the "at the market" facility from July 28, 2020, and to $1.3827 per share in connection with the private placement offering in May 2023.
The Series C Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at any time at the option of the holder, provided that the holder will be prohibited from converting Series C Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock if, as a result of such conversion, the holder, together with its affiliates, would own more than 4.99% of the total number of shares of our common stock then issued and outstanding. However, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99%, provided that any increase in such percentage shall not be effective until 61 days after such notice to us.
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In the event of our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, holders of our Series C Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive the amount of cash, securities or other property to which such holder would be entitled to receive with respect to such shares of Series C Preferred Stock if such shares had been converted to common stock immediately prior to such event (without giving effect for such purposes to the 4.99% or 9.99% beneficial ownership limitation, as applicable) subject to the preferential rights of holders of any class or series of our capital stock specifically ranking by its terms senior to the Series C Preferred Stock as to distributions of assets upon such event, whether voluntarily or involuntarily.
Shares of Series C Preferred Stock are not entitled to receive any dividends, unless and until specifically declared by our board of directors. However, holders of our Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends on shares of Series C Preferred Stock equal (on an as-if-converted-to-common-stock basis, and without giving effect for such purposes to the 4.99% or 9.99% beneficial ownership limitation, as applicable) to and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of the common stock when such dividends are specifically declared by our board of directors. We are not obligated to redeem or repurchase any shares of Series C Preferred Stock. Shares of Series C Preferred Stock are not otherwise entitled to any redemption rights, or mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provision.
The holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have no voting rights, except as required by law. Any amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation, bylaws or certificate of designation that adversely affects the powers, preferences and rights of the Series C Preferred Stock requires the approval of the holders of a majority of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock then outstanding.
Pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions contained in the certification of designation for our Series C Preferred Stock, in the event that, while any of our Series C Preferred Stock is outstanding, we issue equity or equity-linked securities at an effective common stock purchase price of less than the Series C Preferred Stock conversion price then in effect, we are required, subject to certain limitations and adjustments as provided in the certificate of designation, to reduce the Series C Preferred Stock conversion price to equal the effective common stock purchase price. This reduction in the Series C Preferred Stock conversion price will result in a greater number of shares of common stock becoming issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock for no additional consideration.
We have not listed, and we do not plan on making an application to list, the Series C Preferred Stock on Nasdaq, any other national securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.
Shares of Series C Preferred Stock were issued in book-entry form under a transfer agency and service agreement between Securities Transfer Corporation, as transfer agent, and us, and are represented by one or more book-entry certificates deposited with DTC and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC, or as otherwise directed by DTC.
The transfer agent and registrar for our Series C Preferred Stock is Securities Transfer Corporation. The transfer agent's address is 2901 N. Dallas Parkway, Suite 380, Plano, Texas 75093.
You should review the certificate of designation of the Series C Preferred Stock, and a subsequent amendment, which were filed as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, for a complete description of the terms and conditions of the Series C Preferred Stock.
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law, Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:
| ● | prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
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| ● | upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or | |
| ● | on or subsequent to the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
In general, Section 203 defines a business combination to include, among other transactions:
| ● | certain mergers or consolidations involving the corporation and the interested stockholder; | |
| ● | certain sales, leases, exchanges, mortgages, transfers, pledges or other dispositions involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation; | |
| ● | certain transactions that result in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; or | |
| ● | the receipt by the interested stockholder of certain direct or indirect benefits of loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary. |
In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with, or controlling, or controlled by, the entity or person. The term "owner" is broadly defined to include any person that, individually, with or through that person's affiliates or associates, among other things, beneficially owns the stock directly or indirectly, or has the right to acquire the stock, whether or not the right is immediately exercisable, under any agreement, arrangement or understanding or upon the exercise of warrants or options or otherwise or has the right to vote the stock under any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or has an agreement, arrangement or understanding with the beneficial owner of the stock for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of the stock.
The restrictions in Section 203 do not apply to corporations that have elected, in the manner provided in Section 203, not to be subject to Section 203 of the DGCL or, with certain exceptions, which do not have a class of voting stock that is listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders. We have not so elected and our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws do not opt out of Section 203.
Section 203 could delay or prohibit mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts with respect to us and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire us even though such a transaction may offer our stockholders the opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market price.
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in our control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares, or transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price of our common stock. Among other things, our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws:
| ● | permit our board of directors to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, without further action by the stockholders, with any rights, preferences and privileges as they may designate, including the right to approve an acquisition or other change in control; | |
| ● | provide that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors; | |
| ● | provide that all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum; | |
| ● | divide our board of directors into three classes, with each class serving staggered three-year terms; | |
| ● | do not provide for cumulative voting rights (therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose); | |
| ● | provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by our board of directors; and | |
| ● | set forth an advance notice procedure with regard to the nomination, other than by or at the direction of our board of directors, of candidates for election as directors and with regard to business to be brought before a meeting of stockholders. |
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DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS
We may issue subscription rights to purchase our shares of common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. These subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the shareholder receiving the subscription rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.
The prospectus supplement relating to any subscription rights we offer will, to the extent applicable, include specific terms relating to the offering, including some or all of the following:
| ● | the price, if any, for the subscription rights; | |
| ● | the exercise price payable for each common stock upon the exercise of the subscription rights; | |
| ● | the number of subscription rights to be issued to each shareholder; | |
| ● | the number and terms of the shares of common stock which may be purchased per each subscription right; | |
| ● | the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable; | |
| ● | any other terms of the subscription rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the subscription rights; | |
| ● | the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights shall expire; | |
| ● | the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and | |
| ● | if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement which may be entered into by us in connection with the offering of subscription rights. |
The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any subscription rights we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable subscription rights agreement, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer subscription rights. For more information on how you can obtain copies of the applicable subscription rights agreement if we offer subscription rights, see "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" beginning on page 32. We urge you to read the applicable subscription rights agreement and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
General
We may issue senior and subordinated debt securities under indentures by and among us, certain of our subsidiaries, if any, and a trustee to be named in the senior indenture, as the indenture trustee. Each indenture will be subject to, and governed by, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act, and we may supplement the indenture from time to time.
This prospectus summarizes the material provisions of the indentures and the debt securities that we may issue under the indentures. This summary is not complete and may not describe all of the provisions of the indentures or of any of the debt securities that might be important to you. For additional information, you should carefully read the forms of indenture and debt securities that are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and any definitive indentures, supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities that are incorporated by reference as exhibits to such registration statement.
When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of those debt securities in a supplement to this prospectus. We will also indicate in the supplement whether the general terms in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities. Accordingly, for a description of the terms of a particular issue of debt securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus and the applicable supplement.
In the summary below, we have included references to the section numbers of the indentures so that you can easily locate the related provisions in the indentures for additional detail. You should also refer to the applicable indenture for the definitions of any capitalized terms that we use below but do not define in this prospectus. When we refer to particular sections of the indentures or to defined terms in the indentures, we intend to incorporate by reference those sections and defined terms into this prospectus.
Terms
The debt securities will be our direct obligations. The amount of debt securities we may offer under this prospectus is unlimited as to principal amount. We may issue the debt securities, from time to time and in one or more series, established in or pursuant to authority granted by one or more resolutions of our board of directors, and set forth in, or determined in the manner provided in, an officers' certificate, or established in one or more supplemental indentures. We may issue debt securities with terms different from those of our previously issued debt securities (Section 301).
Each indenture provides that there may be more than one trustee under such indenture, each such trustee with respect to one or more series of debt securities. Any trustee under the indentures may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of debt securities, and a successor trustee may be appointed to act with respect to that series (Sections 608 and 609). If two or more persons act as trustee with respect to different series of debt securities, each trustee shall be a trustee of a trust under that indenture separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee (Sections 101 and 609). Except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus, each trustee may take any action described in this prospectus only with respect to the one or more series of debt securities for which it is trustee under the relevant indenture.
You should refer to the applicable supplement to this prospectus relating to a particular series of debt securities for the specific terms of the debt securities, including, but not limited to:
| ● | the title of the debt securities, whether the debt securities will be guaranteed and the identity of the guarantor or guarantors, if any; | |
| ● | the total principal amount of the debt securities and any limit on the total principal amount; | |
| ● | the price, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of the debt securities, at which we will issue the debt securities and any portion of the principal amount payable upon acceleration of the debt securities; |
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| ● | the terms, if any, by which holders of the debt securities may convert or exchange the debt securities for our shares of common stock, or any of our other securities or property; | |
| ● | if the debt securities are convertible or exchangeable, any limitations on the ownership or transferability of the securities or property into which holders may convert or exchange the debt securities; | |
| ● | the date or dates, or the method for determining the date or dates, on which we will be obligated to pay the principal of the debt securities and the amount of principal we will be obligated to pay; | |
| ● | the rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, at which the debt securities of the series will bear interest, if any, or the method by which the rate or rates will be determined; | |
| ● | whether the debt securities rank as senior, senior subordinated or subordinated or any combination thereof and the terms of any subordination; | |
| ● | the date or dates, or the method for determining the date or dates, from which any interest will accrue on the debt securities, the dates on which we will be obligated to pay any interest, the regular record dates, if any, for the interest payments, or the method by which the dates will be determined, the persons to whom we will be obligated to pay interest and the basis upon which interest will be calculated, if other than that of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months; | |
| ● | the place or places where the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on, the debt securities will be payable, where the holders of the debt securities may surrender their debt securities for conversion, transfer or exchange, and where the holders may serve notices or demands to us in respect of the debt securities and the indenture (Section 101); | |
| ● | whether the debt securities will be in registered or bearer form, and the terms and conditions relating to the form, and, if in registered form, the denominations in which we will issue the debt securities if other than $1,000 or a multiple of $1,000 and, if in bearer form, the denominations in which we will issue the debt securities if other than $5,000; | |
| ● | the identity of the trustee of the debt securities of the series and, if other than the trustee, the identity of each security registrar and/or paying agent for debt securities of the series; | |
| ● | the period or periods during which the price or prices, including any premium at which, the currency or currencies in which, and the other terms and conditions upon which, we may redeem the debt securities at our option, if we have such an option; | |
| ● | any obligation that we have to redeem, repay or purchase debt securities under any sinking fund or similar provision or at the option of a holder of debt securities and the terms and conditions upon which we will redeem, repay or purchase all or a portion of the debt securities under that obligation; | |
| ● | the currency or currencies in which we will sell the debt securities and in which the debt securities will be denominated and payable; | |
| ● | whether the amount of payment of principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount or interest on, the debt securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method and the manner in which the amounts will be determined; | |
| ● | whether the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, additional amounts or interest on, the debt securities of the series are to be payable, at our election or at the election of a holder of the debt securities, in a currency or currencies other than that in which the debt securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the period or periods during which, and the terms and conditions upon which, this election may be made, and the time and manner of, and identity of the exchange rate agent responsible for, determining the exchange rate between the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are denominated or stated to be payable and the currency or currencies in which the debt securities will be payable; | |
| ● | the designation of the initial exchange rate agent, if any, or any depositaries; | |
| ● | any provisions granting special rights to the holders of the debt securities of the series at the occurrence of named events; | |
| ● | any additions to, modifications of or deletions from the terms of the debt securities with respect to the events of default or covenants contained in the indenture; | |
| ● | whether the debt securities of the series will be issued in certificated or book-entry form and the related terms and conditions, including whether any debt securities will be issued in temporary and/or permanent global form, and if so, whether the owners of interests in any permanent global debt security may exchange those interests for debt securities of that series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in the indenture (Section 305), and, if debt securities of or within the series are to be issuable as a global debt security, the identity of the depositary for such series; |
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| ● | the date as of which any bearer securities, and/or temporary global debt security representing outstanding securities of or within the series will be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first debt security of the series to be issued; | |
| ● | if the debt securities will be issued in definitive form only upon our receipt, or the trustee's receipt, of certificates or other documents, or upon the satisfaction of conditions, a description of those certificates, documents or conditions; | |
| ● | if the debt securities will be issued upon the exercise of debt warrants, the time, manner and place for the debt securities to be authenticated and delivered; | |
| ● | the applicability, if any, of the defeasance and covenant defeasance provisions of the indenture, as described below under "Modification of the Indentures-Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance"; | |
| ● | any applicable U.S. federal income tax consequences, including whether and under what circumstances we will pay any additional amounts, as contemplated in the indenture on the debt securities, to any holder who is not a U.S. person in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge withheld or deducted and, if we will pay additional amounts, whether, and on what terms, we will have the option to redeem the debt securities in lieu of paying the additional amounts; | |
| ● | the provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the debt securities of the series; | |
| ● | any other covenant or warranty included for the benefit of the debt securities of the series; | |
| ● | any proposed listing of the debt securities on any securities exchange or market; and | |
| ● | any other terms of the debt securities or of any guarantees issued in connection with the debt securities not inconsistent with the provisions of the indenture (Section 301). |
The debt securities may provide for our payment of less than their entire principal amount if their maturity is accelerated as a result of the occurrence and continuation of an event of default (Section 502). If this is the case, the debt securities would have what is referred to as "original issue discount." Any special U.S. federal income tax, accounting and other considerations applicable to original issue discount securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
We may issue debt securities from time to time, with the principal amount payable on any principal payment date, or the amount of interest payable on any interest payment date, to be determined by reference to one or more currencies or currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or other factors. Holders of debt securities with these features may receive payment of a principal amount on any principal payment date, or a payment of interest on any interest payment date, that is greater than or less than the amount of principal or interest otherwise payable on the applicable dates, depending upon the value on those dates of the applicable currencies or currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or other factors.
Information as to the methods for determining the amount of principal or interest payable on any date, the currencies or currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or other factors to which the amount payable on that date is linked and additional tax considerations will be included in the applicable prospectus supplement. All debt securities of any one series will be substantially identical, except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided by an officers' certificate or in any supplement to the applicable indenture. We are not required to issue all of the debt securities of a series at the same time, and, unless otherwise provided in the applicable indenture, supplemental indenture or officers' certificate, we may re-open a series without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of that series to issue additional debt securities of that series.
The indentures do not contain any provisions that limit our ability to incur indebtedness or that would protect holders of debt securities in the event we become a party to a highly-leveraged or similar transaction in which we would incur or acquire a large amount of additional debt, but such provisions may appear in the applicable prospectus supplement. You should refer to the applicable prospectus supplement for information regarding any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the events of default or covenants that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk or similar protection.
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Guarantees
Debt securities may be issued and unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by us or certain of our subsidiaries, if any, that are listed as guarantors in the applicable supplement to this prospectus. Any guarantee would cover the timely payment of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or sinking fund payments on, the debt securities, whether we make the payment at a maturity date, as a result of acceleration or redemption or otherwise. We will more fully describe the existence and terms of any guarantee of any of our debt securities by us or our subsidiaries in the prospectus supplement relating to those debt securities.
Denominations, Interest, Registration and Transfer
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, any debt securities of any series that we issue in registered form will be issued in denominations of $1,000 and multiples of $1,000, and debt securities of any series that we issue in bearer form will be issued in denominations of $5,000 (Section 302).
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount or interest on, any series of debt securities will be payable in the currency designated in the prospectus supplement at the corporate trust office of the trustee, initially, the corporate trust office of the trustee to be named in the senior indenture. At our option, however, payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the person entitled to the interest payment as it appears in the security register for the series or by wire transfer of funds to that person at an account maintained within the United States (Sections 301, 305, 307 and 1002). We may at any time designate additional paying agents or rescind designation of any paying agents or approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for any series. All monies that we pay to a paying agent for the payment of any principal of, or any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on, any debt security which remains unclaimed at the end of two years after that payment became due and payable will be repaid to us. After that time, the holder of the debt security will be able to look only to us for payment (Section 1003).
Any interest that we do not punctually pay on any interest payment date with respect to a debt security will cease to be payable to the holder on the applicable regular record date and may either:
| ● | be paid to the holder at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of defaulted interest, to be determined by the trustee (Sections 101 and 307); or | |
| ● | be paid at any time in any other lawful manner, as more fully described in the indentures. |
Subject to certain limitations imposed upon debt securities issued in book-entry form, debt securities of any series will be exchangeable for other debt securities of the same series and of the same total principal amount and authorized denomination upon the surrender of the debt securities at the corporate trust office of the trustee. In addition, subject to certain limitations imposed upon debt securities issued in book-entry form, the debt securities of any series may be surrendered for conversion, transfer or exchange at the corporate trust office of the trustee. Every debt security surrendered for conversion, transfer or exchange must be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer. There will be no service charge for any transfer or exchange of any debt securities, but we may require holders to pay any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with the transfer or exchange (Section 305).
If the applicable prospectus supplement refers to us designating any transfer agent for any series of debt securities, in addition to the trustee, we may at any time remove the transfer agent or approve a change in the location at which the transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for any series of debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents with respect to any series of debt securities (Section 1002).
Neither we nor any trustee will be required to do any of the following:
| ● | issue, register the transfer of or exchange debt securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of 15 business days before there is a selection of debt securities of that series to be redeemed and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing or publication of the relevant notice of redemption; |
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| ● | register the transfer of or exchange any debt security, or portion thereof, called for redemption, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being only partially redeemed; | |
| ● | exchange any debt security in bearer form that is selected for redemption, except that a debt security in bearer form may be exchanged for a debt security in registered form of that series and like denomination, provided that the debt security in registered form must be simultaneously surrendered for redemption; or | |
| ● | issue or register the transfer or exchange of any debt security that has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the holder, except the portion, if any, of the debt security that will not be partially or entirely repaid (Section 305). |
Global Debt Securities
The debt securities of a series may be issued in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or with a custodian for a depositary identified in the prospectus supplement relating to the series and registered in the name of the depositary or its nominee. In this case, we will issue one or more global securities in a denomination or total denominations equal to the portion of the total principal amount of outstanding registered debt securities of the series to be represented by the global security or securities. We expect that any global securities issued in the United States would be deposited with The Depositary Trust Company, as depositary or its custodian. We may issue any global securities in fully registered form on a temporary or permanent basis. Unless and until a global security is exchanged for debt securities in definitive registered form, a permanent global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary to its nominee or by a nominee to the depositary or another nominee, or by the depositary or its nominee to a successor of the depositary or the successor depositary's nominee.
The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any series of debt securities to be represented by a registered global security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to depositary arrangements.
Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be limited to persons that have accounts with, or are participants of, the depositary for the registered global security, or persons that may hold interests through participants. When we issue a registered global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants' accounts with the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by the global security owned by those participants. The accounts to be credited will be designated by any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in an offering of the debt securities, or by us or the trustee if we are directly offering the debt securities. The participants' ownership, and any transfer, of a registered global security will be shown on records maintained by the depositary, and ownership of persons who hold debt securities through participants will be reflected on the records of the participants. State and federal laws may impair a person's ability to own, transfer or pledge interests in a registered global security.
So long as the depositary or its nominee is the registered owner of the global security, the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by the global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture. Except as set forth below, owners of beneficial interests in a global security will not be entitled to have the debt securities represented by the registered global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the debt securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities under the applicable indenture. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the depositary's procedures and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which that person owns its interest to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action which a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture, the depositary would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take the action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through those participants to give or take the action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.
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Payments of principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on a registered global security will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the global security. Neither we, the trustee, the paying agent nor the registrar, nor any other agent of ours or of the trustee, will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests in the global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interests.
We expect that once the depositary receives any payment of principal of, any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amount on, a registered global security, the depositary will immediately credit the participants' accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the global security, as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by the participants to owners of beneficial interests in the registered global security held through the participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of the participants.
If the depositary is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and we do not appoint a successor depositary within 90 days, we will issue debt securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion decide not to have any of the debt securities of a series represented by one or more global securities, and, in such event, we will issue debt securities in definitive form in exchange for all of the global security or securities representing the debt securities. We will register any debt securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a global security in the name or names that the depositary provides to the trustee. We expect that those names will be based upon directions received by the depositary from the participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the global security.
Debt securities in bearer form may also be issued in the form of one or more global securities that will be deposited with a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, or with a nominee for the depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the specific terms and procedures of the depositary arrangement, including the specific terms of the depositary arrangement and any specific procedures, for the issuance of debt securities in definitive form in exchange for a global security in bearer form, with respect to any portion of a series of debt securities to be represented by a global security in bearer form.
Merger, Consolidation or Sale
We may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of our assets to, or merge with or into, any other corporation, trust or entity provided that:
| ● | we are the survivor in the transaction, or the survivor, if not us, is an entity organized under the laws of the United States or a state of the United States, or the State of Israel, which entity expressly assumes by supplemental indenture the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest and additional amounts on, all of the outstanding debt securities and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions contained in the indenture; | |
| ● | immediately after giving effect to the transaction and treating any indebtedness that becomes an obligation of ours or one of our subsidiaries as a result of the transaction as having been incurred by us or our subsidiary at the time of the transaction, there is no event of default under the applicable indenture and no event which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become an event of default; and | |
| ● | we deliver an officers' certificate and an opinion of our legal counsel, each as to the satisfaction of conditions contained in the applicable indenture (Sections 801 and 803). |
This covenant would not apply to any recapitalization transaction, a change of control of us or a transaction in which we incur a large amount of additional debt, unless the transactions or change of control included a merger, consolidation or transfer or lease of substantially all of our assets. Except as may be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, there are no covenants or other provisions in the indentures providing for a "put" right or increased interest or that would otherwise afford holders of debt securities additional protection in the event of a recapitalization transaction, a change of control of us or a transaction in which we incur a large amount of additional debt.
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Certain Covenants
Provision of Financial Information
Whether or not we are subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, we will file annual reports and other documents with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act as if we were so subject, on or prior to the dates by which we are or would have been required to file those documents if we were so subject. In any event, we will:
| ● | file with the applicable trustee copies of the annual reports and other documents that we are or would be required to file with the SEC under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act within 15 days of each of the respective dates by which we are or would have been required to file those reports with the SEC; and | |
| ● | promptly upon written request and payment of the reasonable cost of duplication and delivery, supply copies of those documents to holders and any prospective holders of debt securities if filing those documents with the SEC is not permitted under the Exchange Act (Section 1005). |
Additional Covenants
Any additional covenants with respect to any series of debt securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Events of Default, Notice and Waiver
Except as otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the following events are "events of default" with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue under the indentures:
| ● | we fail for 30 days to pay any installment of interest or any additional amounts payable on any debt security of that series; | |
| ● | we fail to pay the principal of, or any premium or make-whole amount on, any debt security of that series when due, either at maturity, redemption or otherwise; | |
| ● | we fail to make any sinking fund payment as required for any debt security of that series; | |
| ● | we breach or fail to perform any covenant or warranty contained in the applicable indenture, other than a covenant added solely for the benefit of a different series of debt securities issued under the applicable indenture or except as otherwise provided for in the applicable indenture, and our breach or failure to perform continues for 60 days after we have received written notice in accordance with the applicable indenture of our breach or failure to perform; | |
| ● | we default under a bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture or instrument evidencing indebtedness for money borrowed by us, or by any subsidiaries of ours that we have guaranteed or for which we are directly responsible or liable as obligor or guarantor, that has a principal amount outstanding of $20,000,000 or more, other than indebtedness which is non-recourse to us or our subsidiaries, which default has caused the indebtedness to become due and payable earlier than it would otherwise have become due and payable, and the indebtedness has not been discharged or the acceleration has not been rescinded or annulled, within 30 days after written notice was provided to us in accordance with the applicable indenture; | |
| ● | the bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or court appointment of a receiver, liquidator or appointment of a trustee for us or of any of our Significant Subsidiaries, or for all or substantially all of our properties or the properties of our Significant Subsidiaries (Section 101); and | |
| ● | any other event of default described in the applicable prospectus supplement and indenture (Section 501). |
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If there is a continuing event of default with respect to outstanding debt securities of a series, then the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, voting as a single class, may declare immediately due and payable the principal amount or other amount as may be specified by the terms of those debt securities and any premium or make-whole amount on the debt securities of that series; provided, however, that upon the occurrence and continuation of certain defaults related to bankruptcy or insolvency, the principal (or, if any debt securities are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of, and the Make-Whole Amount, if any, on, all the outstanding debt securities of that series and any accrued interest through the occurrence of such Event of Default, shall become due and payable immediately, without any declaration or other act by the trustee or any other holder. However, at any time after an acceleration with respect to debt securities of a series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may cancel the acceleration and annul its consequences if:
| ● | we pay or deposit with the trustee all required payments of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest, and additional amounts on, the applicable series of debt securities, plus fees, expenses, disbursements and advances of the trustee; and | |
| ● | all events of default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated principal, premium, or interest, with respect to the applicable series of debt securities have been cured or waived as provided in the indentures (Section 502). |
The indentures also provide that the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may waive any past default with respect to that series and its consequences (except in respect of certain events of default related to bankruptcy or insolvency, the waiver of which requires approval of a majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities under the applicable indenture), except a default involving:
| ● | our failure to pay the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on, any debt security; or | |
| ● | a covenant or provision contained in the applicable indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holders of each outstanding debt security affected by the default (Section 513). |
The trustee is generally required to give notice to the holders of debt securities of each affected series within 90 days of a default actually known to a Responsible Officer of the trustee unless the default has been cured or waived. The trustee may, however, withhold notice of default if the Responsible Officers of the trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the holders of the debt securities of that series unless the default relates to:
| ● | our failure to pay the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on, any debt security of that series; or | |
| ● | any sinking fund installment for any debt securities of that series (Sections 101 and 601). |
Each indenture provides that no holder of debt securities of any series may institute a proceeding with respect to the indenture or for any remedy under the indenture, unless the trustee fails to act for 60 days after it has received a written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to the debt securities of that series from such holder and a written request to institute proceedings in respect of an event of default from the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series (except in respect of certain events of default related to bankruptcy or insolvency, which requires the written request of not less than 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities under the applicable indenture), as well as an offer of indemnity satisfactory to the trustee; provided, that no direction inconsistent with such request has been given to the trustee during such 60-day period by the holders of a majority in principal amount of outstanding debt securities of that series (Section 507). This provision will not prevent, however, any holder of debt securities from instituting suit for the enforcement of payment of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest or additional amounts on, the debt securities at their respective due dates (Section 508).
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Subject to provisions in each indenture relating to the trustee's duties in case of default, the trustee is not under an obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or direction of any holders of any series of debt securities then outstanding, unless the holders have offered to the trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it (Section 602). Subject to these provisions for the indemnification of the trustee, the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities under the applicable indenture will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or of exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee. The trustee may, however, refuse to follow any direction which conflicts with any law or the applicable indenture, which may involve the trustee in personal liability or which may be unduly prejudicial to the holders of debt securities of the applicable series not joining in the direction (Section 512). Within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year, we must deliver to the trustee a certificate, signed by one of several specified officers, stating that officer's knowledge of our compliance with all the conditions and covenants under the applicable indenture, and, in the event of any noncompliance, specifying the noncompliance and the nature and status of the noncompliance (Section 1006).
Modification of the Indentures
Modification Without Consent of the Holders
Together with the trustee, we may, when authorized by our board of directors, modify each of the indentures without the consent of any holder of debt securities for any of the following purposes:
| ● | to evidence the succession of another person to us as obligor under the indenture; | |
| ● | to add to our existing covenants additional covenants for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture; | |
| ● | to add events of default for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities; | |
| ● | to add or change any provisions of the indenture to facilitate the issuance of, or to liberalize the terms of, debt securities in bearer form, or to permit or facilitate the issuance of debt securities in uncertificated form, provided that this action will not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities of any series in any material respect; | |
| ● | to add, change or eliminate any provisions of the indenture, provided that any addition, change or elimination shall neither apply to any debt security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor modify the rights of the holder of any debt security with respect to such provision or become effective only when there are no outstanding debt securities; | |
| ● | to secure previously unsecured debt securities; | |
| ● | to establish the form or terms of debt securities of any series, including the provisions and procedures, if applicable, for the conversion or exchange of the debt securities into our shares of common stock or other securities or property; | |
| ● | to evidence and provide for the acceptance or appointment of a successor trustee or facilitate the administration of the trusts under the indenture by more than one trustee; | |
| ● | to make any provision with respect to the conversion or exchange of rights of holders pursuant to the requirements of the indenture; | |
| ● | to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture, provided that the action does not adversely affect the interests of holders of debt securities of any series issued under the indenture; | |
| ● | to close the indenture with respect to the authentication and delivery of additional series of debt securities or to qualify, or maintain qualification of, the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act; or | |
| ● | to supplement any of the provisions of the indenture to the extent necessary to permit or facilitate defeasance and discharge of any series of debt securities, provided that the action shall not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities of any series in any material respect (Section 901). |
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Modification With Consent of Holders
Together with the trustee, we may, when authorized by our board of directors, also make modifications and amendments to each indenture with the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all affected series. Without the consent of each affected holder, however, no modification to either indenture may:
| ● | change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any premium, make-whole amount or installment of principal of, or interest on, any debt security; | |
| ● | reduce the principal amount of, or the rate or amount of interest on, or any premium or make-whole amount payable on redemption of, or any additional amounts payable with respect to, any debt security or change any obligation to pay additional amounts except as permitted by the indenture; | |
| ● | reduce the amount of principal of an original issue discount security or make-whole amount that would be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the original discount or other security, or would be provable in bankruptcy, or adversely affect any right of repayment of the holder of any debt security; | |
| ● | change the place of payment or the currency or currencies of payment of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest, or additional amounts on, any debt security; | |
| ● | impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to any debt security; | |
| ● | reduce the percentage of the holders of outstanding debt securities of any series necessary to modify or amend the indenture, to waive compliance with provisions of the indenture or defaults and their consequences under the indenture, or to reduce the quorum or voting requirements contained in the indenture; | |
| ● | make any change that adversely affects the right to convert or exchange any debt security other than as permitted by the indenture or decrease the conversion or exchange rate or increase the conversion or exchange price of any such debt security; or | |
| ● | modify any of the foregoing provisions or any of the provisions relating to the waiver of past defaults or covenants, except to increase the required percentage of holders necessary to effect that action or to provide that other provisions may not be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of the debt security (Section 902). |
Documentation
Any modification or amendment of an indenture, whether effected with or without the consent of any holder, will be documented in a supplemental indenture.
Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
Unless the terms of a series of debt securities provide otherwise, under the indentures, we may discharge some of our respective obligations to holders of any series of debt securities that:
| ● | have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation and that either have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year; or | |
| ● | are scheduled for redemption within one year. |
We can discharge these obligations by irrevocably depositing with the trustee funds in the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are payable in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on those debt securities, including principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest and additional amounts on, the debt securities on and up to the date of such deposit, or, if the debt securities have become due and payable, on and up to the stated maturity or redemption date, as the case may be (Section 401).
In addition, if the terms of the debt securities of a series permit us to do so, we may elect either of the following:
| ● | to defease and be discharged from any and all obligations with respect to the debt securities, except, among other things, our obligations to the holders of Outstanding Securities (Sections 1402, 1403 and 1404); | |
| ● | pay any additional amounts upon the occurrence of several particular tax and other events; |
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| ● | pay the fees, expenses and indemnitees of the trustee; | |
| ● | register the transfer or exchange of the debt securities; | |
| ● | replace temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities; | |
| ● | maintain an office or agency for the debt securities; and | |
| ● | hold monies for payment in trust; or | |
| ● | to be released from our obligations with respect to the debt securities under sections of the applicable indenture described under "Certain Covenants" or, if permitted by the terms of the debt securities, our obligations with respect to any other covenant. |
If we choose to be released from our respective obligations under the covenants, any failure to comply with any of the obligations imposed on us by the covenants will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to the debt securities (Section 1403). However, to make either election, we must irrevocably deposit with the trustee an amount, in such currency or currencies in which the debt securities are payable at their stated maturity, or in Government Obligations (Section 101), or both, that will provide sufficient funds to pay the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest and additional amounts on, the debt securities, and any mandatory sinking fund or similar payments on the debt securities, on the relevant scheduled due dates.
We may defease and discharge the obligations, as described in the preceding paragraphs, only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that:
| ● | the holders of the debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the defeasance or covenant defeasance described in the previous paragraphs and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the defeasance or covenant defeasance had not occurred; and | |
| ● | in the case of defeasance, the opinion of counsel must refer to, and be based upon, a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, or a change in applicable U.S. federal income tax laws occurring after the date of the applicable indenture (Section 1404). |
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, if, after we have deposited funds and/or Government Obligations to effect defeasance or covenant defeasance with respect to debt securities of any series:
| ● | the holder of a debt security of the series elects to receive payment in a currency other than that in which the deposit has been made in respect of the debt security (Section 301); or | |
| ● | a conversion event, as defined below, occurs in respect of the currency in which the deposit has been made, then the indebtedness represented by the debt security will be fully discharged and satisfied through the payment of the principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount and interest on, the debt security as they become due, and additional amounts, if any, out of the proceeds yielded by converting the amount deposited in respect of the debt security into the currency in which the debt security becomes payable as a result of the holder's election or the conversion event based on the applicable market exchange rate (Section 1405). |
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, a "conversion event" means the cessation of use of:
| ● | a currency issued by the government of one or more countries other than the United States, both by the government of the country that issued that currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or within the international banking community; | |
| ● | the European Community, both within the European Monetary System and, for the settlement of transactions, by public institutions of or within the European Community; or | |
| ● | any currency for the purposes for which it was established. |
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make all payments of principal of, and any premium, make-whole amount, interest and additional amounts on, any debt security that is payable in a foreign currency that ceases to be used by its government of issuance in United States dollars.
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In the event that we effect covenant defeasance with respect to any debt securities and the debt securities are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of an event of default other than:
| ● | the event of default described in the fourth bullet under "Certain Covenants-Events of Default, Notice and Waiver," which would no longer be applicable to the debt securities of that series (Section 1005); or | |
| ● | the event of default described in the sixth bullet under "Certain Covenants-Events of Default, Notice and Waiver" with respect to a covenant as to which there has been covenant defeasance, then the amount on deposit with the trustee will still be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities at the time of their stated maturity but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities at the time of the acceleration resulting from the event of default. In this case, we would remain liable to make payment of the amounts due at the time of acceleration. |
The applicable prospectus supplement may describe any additional provisions permitting defeasance or covenant defeasance, including any modifications to the provisions described above, with respect to a particular series of debt securities.
Conversion and Exchange Rights
The terms on which debt securities of any series may be convertible into or exchangeable for our shares of common stock or other securities or property will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. These terms will include:
| ● | the conversion or exchange price, or the manner of calculating the price; | |
| ● | the exchange or conversion period; | |
| ● | whether the conversion or exchange is mandatory, or voluntary at the option of the holder or at our option; | |
| ● | any restrictions on conversion or exchange in the event of redemption of the debt securities and any restrictions on conversion or exchange; and | |
| ● | the means of calculating the number of shares of our shares of common stock or other securities or property of us to be received by the holders of debt securities. |
The conversion or exchange price of any debt securities of any series that are convertible into our shares of common stock, may be adjusted for any stock dividends, stock splits, reclassification, combinations or similar transactions, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement (Article Sixteen).
Governing Law
The indentures will be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
Redemption of Debt Securities
The debt securities may be subject to optional or mandatory redemption on terms and conditions described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Subject to such terms, we may opt at any time to partially or entirely redeem the debt securities.
From and after notice has been given as provided in the applicable indenture, if funds for the redemption of any debt securities called for redemption shall have been made available on the redemption date, the debt securities will cease to bear interest on the date fixed for the redemption specified in the notice, and the only right of the holders of the debt securities will be to receive payment of the redemption price.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue and offer warrants under the material terms and conditions described in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. The accompanying prospectus supplement may add, update or change the terms and conditions of the warrants as described in this prospectus.
We may issue warrants to purchase shares of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities and may be attached to, or separate from, such securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency for or with holders or beneficial owners of warrants. The terms of any warrants to be issued and a description of the material provisions of the applicable warrant agreement will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the following terms of any warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered:
| ● | the title of such warrants; | |
| ● | the aggregate number of such warrants; | |
| ● | the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued and exercised; | |
| ● | the currency or currencies in which the price of such warrants will be payable; | |
| ● | the securities purchasable upon exercise of such warrants; | |
| ● | the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire; | |
| ● | if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time; | |
| ● | if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such security; | |
| ● | if applicable, the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable; | |
| ● | information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; | |
| ● | material Israeli and United States federal income tax consequences, if any; | |
| ● | the anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any; and | |
| ● | any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants. |
The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any warrants we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable warrant agreement and warrant certificate, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer warrants. For more information on how you can obtain copies of the applicable warrant agreement and warrant certificate if we offer warrants, see "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" beginning on page 32. We urge you to read the applicable warrant agreement and warrant certificate and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.
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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities that may be offered under this prospectus, in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately at any time, or at any time before a specified date.
The prospectus supplement relating to any units we offer will, to the extent applicable, include specific terms relating to the offering, including some or all of the following:
| ● | the material terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately; | |
| ● | any material provisions relating to the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and | |
| ● | any material provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described above. |
The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any units we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable unit agreement, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer units. For more information on how you can obtain copies of the applicable unit agreement if we offer units, see "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" beginning on page 32. We urge you to read the applicable unit agreement and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.
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FORMS OF SECURITIES
Each debt security and, to the extent applicable, subscription right, warrant and unit, will be represented either by a certificate issued in definitive form to a particular investor or by one or more global securities representing the entire issuance of securities. Certificated securities in definitive form and global securities will be issued in registered form. Definitive securities name you or your nominee as the owner of the security, and in order to transfer or exchange these securities or to receive payments other than interest or other interim payments, you or your nominee must physically deliver the securities to the trustee, registrar, paying agent or other agent, as applicable. Global securities name a depositary or its nominee as the owner of the debt securities or warrants represented by these global securities. The depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect each investor's beneficial ownership of the securities through an account maintained by the investor with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other representative, as we explain more fully below.
Global Securities
Registered Global Securities. We may issue the registered debt securities and, to the extent applicable, warrants, subscription rights and units, in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of that depositary or nominee. In those cases, one or more registered global securities will be issued in a denomination or aggregate denominations equal to the portion of the aggregate principal or face amount of the securities to be represented by registered global securities. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole for securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a whole by and among the depositary for the registered global security, the nominees of the depositary or any successors of the depositary or those nominees.
If not described below, any specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any securities to be represented by a registered global security will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to those securities. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements.
Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons, called participants, that have accounts with the depositary or persons that may hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants' accounts with the respective principal or face amounts of the securities beneficially owned by the participants. Any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the securities will designate the accounts to be credited. Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary, with respect to interests of participants, and on the records of participants, with respect to interests of persons holding through participants. The laws of some states may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of these securities in definitive form. These laws may impair your ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.
So long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a registered global security, that depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security will not be entitled to have the securities represented by the registered global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the securities under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for that registered global security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take that action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through them to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.
Principal, premium, if any, interest payments on debt securities and any payments to holders with respect to warrants represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the registered global security. None of the Company, the trustees, the warrant agents or any other agent of the Company, the trustees or the warrant agents will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to those beneficial ownership interests.
We expect that the depositary for any of the securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium, interest or other distribution of underlying securities or other property to holders on that registered global security, will immediately credit participants' accounts in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in that registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security held through participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of those participants.
If the depositary for any of these securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days, we will issue securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security that had been held by the depositary. Any securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security will be registered in the name or names that the depositary gives to the relevant trustee or warrant agent or other relevant agent of ours or theirs. It is expected that the depositary's instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the registered global security that had been held by the depositary.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the securities described in this prospectus from time to time in one or more of the following ways:
| ● | through agents; | |
| ● | to or through one or more underwriters on a firm commitment or agency basis; | |
| ● | through put or call option transactions relating to the securities; | |
| ● | to or through dealers, who may act as agents or principals, including a block trade (which may involve crosses) in which a broker or dealer so engaged will attempt to sell as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; | |
| ● | through privately negotiated transactions; | |
| ● | purchases by a broker or dealer as principal and resale by such broker or dealer for its own account pursuant to this prospectus; | |
| ● | directly to purchasers, including our affiliates, through a specific bidding or auction process, on a negotiated basis or otherwise; to or through one or more underwriters on a firm commitment or best efforts basis; | |
| ● | exchange distributions and/or secondary distributions; | |
| ● | ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers; | |
| ● | in an "at the market offering", within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise; | |
| ● | transactions not involving market makers or established trading markets, including direct sales or privately negotiated transactions; | |
| ● | transactions in options, swaps or other derivatives that may or may not be listed on an exchange; | |
| ● | through any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law; or | |
| ● | through a combination of any such methods of sale. |
At any time a particular offer of the securities covered by this prospectus is made, a revised prospectus or prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed which will set forth the aggregate amount of securities covered by this prospectus being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any underwriters, dealers, brokers or agents, any discounts, commissions, concessions and other items constituting compensation from us and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers. Such prospectus supplement, and, if necessary, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, will be filed with the SEC to reflect the disclosure of additional information with respect to the distribution of the securities covered by this prospectus. In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the securities sold under this prospectus may only be sold through registered or licensed broker-dealers. In addition, in some states the securities may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.
The distribution of securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including block transactions and transactions on The Nasdaq Capital Market or any other organized market where the securities may be traded. The securities may be sold at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The consideration may be cash or another form negotiated by the parties. Agents, underwriters or broker-dealers may be paid compensation for offering and selling the securities. That compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions to be received from us or from the purchasers of the securities. Any dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts. If any such dealers or agents were deemed to be underwriters, they may be subject to statutory liabilities under the Securities Act.
Agents may from time to time solicit offers to purchase the securities. If required, we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities and set forth any compensation payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Any agent selling the securities covered by this prospectus may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities.
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To the extent that we make sales to or through one or more underwriters or agents in at-the-market offerings, we will do so pursuant to the terms of a distribution agreement between us and the underwriters or agents. If we engage in at-the-market sales pursuant to a distribution agreement, we will sell any of our listed securities to or through one or more underwriters or agents, which may act on an agency basis or on a principal basis. During the term of any such agreement, we may sell any of our listed securities on a daily basis in exchange transactions or otherwise as we agree with the underwriters or agents. The distribution agreement will provide that any of our listed securities which are sold will be sold at prices related to the then prevailing market prices for our listed securities. Therefore, exact figures regarding proceeds that will be raised or commissions to be paid cannot be determined at this time and will be described in a prospectus supplement. Pursuant to the terms of the distribution agreement, we also may agree to sell, and the relevant underwriters or agents may agree to solicit offers to purchase, blocks of our listed securities. The terms of each such distribution agreement will be set forth in more detail in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus.
If underwriters are used in a sale, securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or under delayed delivery contracts or other contractual commitments. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. If an underwriter or underwriters are used in the sale of securities, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter or underwriters, as well as any other underwriter or underwriters, with respect to a particular underwritten offering of securities, and will set forth the terms of the transactions, including compensation of the underwriters and dealers and the public offering price, if applicable. The prospectus and prospectus supplement will be used by the underwriters to resell the securities.
If a dealer is used in the sale of the securities, we or an underwriter will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale. To the extent required, we will set forth in the prospectus supplement the name of the dealer and the terms of the transactions.
We may directly solicit offers to purchase the securities and may make sales of securities directly to institutional investors or others. These persons may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale of the securities. To the extent required, the prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any such sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if used.
Agents, underwriters and dealers may be entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification by us against specified liabilities, including liabilities incurred under the Securities Act, or to contribution by us to payments they may be required to make in respect of such liabilities. If required, the prospectus supplement will describe the terms and conditions of the indemnification or contribution. Some of the agents, underwriters or dealers, or their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us or our subsidiaries.
Any person participating in the distribution of securities registered under the registration statement that includes this prospectus will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act, and the applicable SEC rules and regulations, including, among others, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of our securities by that person. Furthermore, Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of our securities to engage in market-making activities with respect to our securities. These restrictions may affect the marketability of our securities and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to our securities.
Certain persons participating in an offering may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions, penalty bids and other transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the offered securities. These activities may maintain the price of the offered securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market, including by entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate covering transactions or imposing penalty bids, each of which is described below:
| ● | a stabilizing bid means the placing of any bid, or the effecting of any purchase, for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of a security. |
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| ● | a syndicate covering transaction means the placing of any bid on behalf of the underwriting syndicate or the effecting of any purchase to reduce a short position created in connection with the offering. | |
| ● | a penalty bid means an arrangement that permits the managing underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member in connection with the offering when offered securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in syndicate covering transactions. |
These transactions may be effected on an exchange or automated quotation system, if the securities are listed on that exchange or admitted for trading on that automated quotation system, or in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase offered securities from us at the public offering price set forth in such prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. Such contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts.
In addition, shares of common stock, preferred stock or warrants may be issued upon conversion of or in exchange for debt securities or other securities.
Any underwriters to whom offered securities are sold for public offering and sale may make a market in such offered securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. The offered securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. No assurance can be given that there will be a market for the offered securities.
Any securities that qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 or Regulation S under the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 or Regulation S rather than pursuant to this prospectus.
In connection with offerings made through underwriters or agents, we may enter into agreements with such underwriters or agents pursuant to which we receive our outstanding securities in consideration for the securities being offered to the public for cash. In connection with these arrangements, the underwriters or agents may also sell securities covered by this prospectus to hedge their positions in these outstanding securities, including in short sale transactions. If so, the underwriters or agents may use the securities received from us under these arrangements to close out any related open borrowings of securities.
We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, such third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, such third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of shares, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of shares. The third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) in such sale transactions will be underwriters and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment).
We may loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities using this prospectus. Such financial institution or third party may transfer its short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities offered by this prospectus or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities offered by this prospectus.
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the issuance of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Greenberg Traurig LLP, New York, New York. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
The financial statements incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1.b to the financial statements) of Kesselman & Kesselman, Certified Public Accountants (Isr.), a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This prospectus constitutes a part of a registration statement on Form S-3 filed under the Securities Act. As permitted by the SEC's rules, this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, which form a part of the registration statement, do not contain all the information that is included in the registration statement. You will find additional information about us in the registration statement. Any statements made in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement concerning legal documents are not necessarily complete and you should read the documents that are filed as exhibits to the registration statement or otherwise filed with the SEC for a more complete understanding of the document or matter.
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and, in accordance with those requirements, file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such reports, proxy statements and other information, as well as this registration statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto, are available on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Copies of these documents may also be accessed on our website at http://www.inspiremd.com. Our internet website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not incorporated into this prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" into this prospectus the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. Any statement contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein, or in any subsequently filed document which also is incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes such earlier statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus. We incorporate into this prospectus by reference the following documents that we previously filed with the SEC (other than any document or portion of any document furnished or deemed furnished and not filed in accordance with the SEC's rules, including Items 2.02 and 7.01 of Form 8-K and Item 9.01 of Form 8-K related thereto):
| ● | our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2025; | |
| ● | our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on April 18, 2024, to the extent specifically incorporated by reference into Part III of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 5, 2024; | |
| ● | our Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than the information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or 7.01 thereof or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 thereof) filed with the SEC on March 12, 2025; and | |
| ● | the description of the Company's Common Stock in Exhibit 4.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2025, and as may be further updated or amended in any amendment or report filed for such purpose. |
All documents that we file (but not those that we furnish or that are deemed furnished and not filed in accordance with the SEC's rules, including Items 2.02 and 7.01 of Form 8-K and Item 9.01 of Form 8-K related thereto) with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (i) after the date of the initial registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement and (ii) after the date of this prospectus and before all of the securities offered by this prospectus are sold are incorporated by reference in this prospectus from the date of filing of the documents, unless we specifically provide otherwise. Information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and may replace information previously filed with the SEC.
We will provide without charge to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the reports or documents that have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus (other than an exhibit to these filings, unless we have specifically incorporated that exhibit by reference in this prospectus). Any such request should be addressed to us at: 6303 Waterford District Drive, Suite 215, Miami, Florida 33126, Attention: Craig Shore, Chief Financial Officer, or made by phone at (888) 776-6804. You may also access the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus through our website at www.inspiremd.com. Except for the specific incorporated documents listed above, no information available on or through our website shall be deemed to be incorporated in this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.
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$
Shares of Common Stock
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase up to Shares of Common Stock
Series L Warrants to Purchase up to Shares of Common Stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants)
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Lake Street Capital Markets
, 2026