Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending March 29, 2026 (Form 10-Q)

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q which are not historical facts, so called "forward-looking statements," are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Investors are cautioned that all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including those detailed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See also Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect management's analysis only as of the date hereof. We assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in factors or assumptions affecting forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law.

Overview

We are a leading global provider of automated test equipment and robotics products. Our automated test systems are used to test semiconductors, wireless products, data storage, silicon photonics, and complex electronics systems in many industries including consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications, and aerospace and defense industries. Our robotics product offerings consist primarily of collaborative robotic arms and autonomous mobile robots used by global manufacturing, logistics and industrial customers to improve quality and increase manufacturing and material handling efficiency, while reducing costs. Our automated test equipment and robotics products and services include:

The market for our test products is concentrated with a limited number of significant customers accounting for a substantial portion of the purchases of test equipment. A few customers drive significant demand for our products both through direct sales and sales to the customer's supply partners. We expect that sales of our test products will continue to be concentrated with a limited number of significant customers for the foreseeable future.

During the first quarter of 2026, our Semiconductor Test segment delivered record results, driven primarily by continued strength in Artificial Intelligence ("AI")-related demand across compute and memory applications resulting in Semiconductor Test revenue alone exceeding $1.0 billion for the first time. AI-related customer demand continues to be significant in the quarter, reflecting the investments by hyperscalers, vertically integrated producers, and merchant compute customers in AI data center infrastructure. Memory test revenue remained at near-record levels, driven by robust demand for high bandwidth memory ("HBM") and DRAM test solutions supporting AI compute deployments. The first quarter results reflect our ongoing focus on AI-dominant testing requirements. Our Robotics segment achieved its fourth consecutive quarter of sequential revenue growth, which is notable given the typical seasonality associated with this business. Demand was supported by customer engagement across e-commerce, electronics manufacturing, semiconductor, and AI data center end markets. In the Product Test Group, first quarter revenue increased year over year, supported by continued strength in defense and aerospace applications. Across the company, our first quarter results reflect strong execution and the benefits of prior investments in product development, manufacturing capacity, and strategic partnerships, which we expect to continue to support our performance over the course of 2026.

On April 8, 2026, we and MultiLane formed a joint venture, MultiLane Test Products ("MLTP"), to which MultiLane contributed the assets of its test and measurement business. MLTP is expected to serve the growing demand from the AI Data Center equipment market by accelerating the development of test solutions for critical high speed data connections. In connection with the formation of MLTP, we obtained a controlling 75% ownership interest in MLTP for a total purchase price of approximately $157.8 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. MLTP will be included in our Product Test Segment.

On April 16, 2026, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of TestInsight Ltd. ("TestInsight") for a total purchase price of $29.0 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. TestInsight is a leading provider of semiconductor test development, validation, and conversion software widely used across the industry. TestInsight will be included in our Semiconductor Test Segment.

Our capital allocation plan will continue to be balanced between investing in organic and inorganic growth and returning cash to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends while maintaining cash balances to enable us to run the business. During the first three months of 2026 we returned $25.9 million to shareholders through $5.5 million of share buybacks and $20.4 million of

dividend payments. In April 2026, we paid a combined $166.7 million towards the formation of MLTP and the acquisition of TestInsight.

Government Regulations

We are subject to numerous U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including, without limitation, tariffs, trade sanctions, trade barriers, trade embargoes, regulations relating to import-export control, technology transfer restrictions, and other laws and regulations. Additionally, U.S. and foreign governmental authorities have taken, and may continue to take, administrative, legislative or regulatory action that could impact our operations. We believe that our operations are in material compliance with applicable trade regulations. The costs we incurred in complying with applicable trade regulations for the three months ended March 29, 2026 were not material, however, compliance with these laws has limited our ability to compete in certain regions. It is possible that future developments, including changes in laws and regulations or government policies, could lead to material costs, and such costs may have a material adverse effect on our future business or prospects.

We have paid certain tariffs on imported products under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ("IEEPA") since the inception of the IEEPA tariffs in 2025. On April 20, 2026, U.S. Customs and Border Protection ("CBP") began accepting refund claims related to these tariffs. While we have submitted refund requests, the timing and impact of any potential refunds remain uncertain, however, we do not expect the impact to be material to our financial position or results of operations.

For information regarding risks associated with import-export control regulations and similar applicable laws and regulations, see Part II - Item 1A "Risk Factors- Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Compliance" included elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We have identified the policies which are critical to understanding our business and our results of operations. The impact and any associated risks related to these estimates on our business operations is discussed throughout Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations where such policies affect our reported and expected financial results. There have been no significant changes during the three months ended March 29, 2026, to the items disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

Critical accounting estimates are complex and may require significant judgment by management. Changes to the underlying assumptions may have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

SELECTED RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Results of Operations

First Quarter 2026 Compared to First Quarter 2025

Revenues

Revenues by our reportable segments were as follows:

The increase in Semiconductor Test revenues of $568.3 million, or 104.8%, was driven primarily by higher sales in compute related to artificial intelligence applications. The increase in Robotics revenues of $22.3 million, or 32.3%, was primarily due to increased sales of collaborative robotic arms, partially offset by decreased sales of autonomous mobile robots. The increase in Product Test revenues of $6.2 million, or 8.4%, was driven primarily by higher Defense/Aerospace sales.

Revenues by country as a percentage of total revenues were as follows (1):

Gross Profit

Our gross profit was as follows:

Gross profit as a percent of revenue increased by 0.3 points, primarily due to volume increase in Semiconductor Test.

Selling and Administrative

Selling and administrative expenses were as follows:

The increase of $9.4 million in selling and administrative expenses was primarily driven by strategic investments in Semiconductor Test.

Engineering and Development

Engineering and development expenses were as follows:

The increase of $17.4 million in engineering and development expenses was primarily driven by strategic investments in Semiconductor Test.

Restructuring and Other

During the three months ended March 29, 2026, we recorded $3.4 million of restructuring and other charges, $1.7 million of which were acquisition and divestiture related expenses. During the three months ended March 29, 2026, we made $4.3 million of severance payments related to the 2025 Robotics restructurings.

During the three months ended March 30, 2025, we consolidated our Robotics go-to-market functions to better serve our
customers. As a result, we recorded $11.4 million of employee severance charges, $9.2 million of which is related to the Robotics
restructuring which impacted approximately 150 employees. Additionally, we recorded $2.0 million of acquisition and divestiture related costs and $1.1 million related to lease terminations.

Interest and Other

The decrease in interest income was driven primarily by lower average cash balances and lower interest rates in the current period. The increase in interest expense was driven primarily by higher borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliate

The increase in income before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliate in Semiconductor Test was driven primarily by higher sales in compute related to artificial intelligence applications. The decrease in income before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliate in Product Test was driven primarily by strategic investments, partially offset by higher revenue. The decrease in loss before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliate in Robotics was primarily due to higher revenue and lower operating expenses primarily as a result of restructuring actions taken in 2025.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 29, 2026, and March 30, 2025, was 13.3% and 12.2%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate from the three months ended March 30, 2025, to the three months ended March 29, 2026, is primarily attributable to lower benefits from tax credits, lower benefits related to U.S. taxation of international income, and higher expense related to Pillar Two. These impacts were partially offset by increased benefits from equity compensation and a projected shift in the geographic distribution of income.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no changes outside of the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances decreased by $54.3 million in the three months ended March 29, 2026, to $394.0 million. Cash decreased primarily due to net repayments of borrowings on revolving credit facility of $200.0 million, partially offset by operating cash proceeds.

Our Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement, amended as of November 7, 2023 (the "Credit Agreement") provides a six-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of $750.0 million (the "Credit Facility"). As of March 29, 2026, Teradyne did not have an outstanding balance under the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement is set to expire on December 10, 2026. See

Note I: "Debt" for more information regarding our Credit Agreement. As of March 29, 2026, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement. We intend to extend the Credit Facility later in 2026.

Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Operating activities during the three months ended March 29, 2026, provided cash of $265.1 million. Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired used cash of $195.5 million due to a $297.1 million increase in operating assets and a $101.7 million increase in operating liabilities. The increase in operating assets was primarily due to increases in accounts receivable of $322.0 million. The increase in operating liabilities was primarily due to increases in income taxes and in deferred revenue and customer advances of $66.3 million and $52.0 million, respectively.

Operating activities during the three months ended March 30, 2025, provided cash of $161.6 million. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used cash of $7.7 million due to a $12.0 million increase in operating liabilities, partially offset by a $4.3 million increase in operating assets. The change in operating assets was primarily due to a $31.0 million increase in inventories, partially offset by a $13.1 million and $13.7 million decrease in accounts receivable and other assets, respectively. The change in operating liabilities was due to growth in accounts payable of $48.0 million, a $13.0 million uptick in income taxes, and a $10.2 million increase in deferred revenue and customer advance payments, partially offset by a $58.0 million decrease in accrued other and a $1.3 million decline in retirement plan contributions.

Investing Activities

Investing activities during the three months ended March 29, 2026, included $64.7 million used for the purchases of property, plant & equipment and $40.8 million used for the purchases of marketable securities, partially offset by $27.3 million provided by proceeds from sales of marketable securities and $10.9 million provided by proceeds from maturities of marketable securities.

Investing activities during the three months ended March 30, 2025, included $64.0 million used for the purchase of property, plant and equipment, $17.0 million used for the acquisition of business, net of cash acquired, $10.8 million used for the purchase of marketable securities, and $3.0 million used for investments in businesses, partially offset by $27.4 million in proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities and $5.6 million in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities.

Financing Activities

Financing activities during the three months ended March 29, 2026, included $200.0 million in net repayments of borrowings on revolving credit facility, $39.4 million used for payments related to net settlement of employee stock compensation awards, $20.4 million used for dividend payments, and $5.5 million used for the repurchase common stock, partially offset by $15.1 million provided by issuance of common stock under stock purchase and stock options plans.

Financing activities during the three months ended March 30, 2025, included $157.5 million used for the repurchase of 1.5 million shares of common stock at an average price of $107.21 per share, $19.4 million used for dividend payments and $14.7 million used for payments related to net settlements of employee stock compensation awards, partially offset by $14.8 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase and stock option plans.

Material Cash Requirements

In January 2026 and January 2025, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.13 and $0.12 per share, respectively. Dividend payments for the three months ended March 29, 2026, and March 30, 2025, were $20.4 million and $19.4 million, respectively.

In January 2023, our Board of Directors approved a repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of common stock. During the three months ended March 29, 2026, we repurchased less than 0.1 million shares of common stock for $5.5 million, which excludes related excise tax, at an average price of $229.00 per share. The cumulative repurchases under the 2023 repurchase program as of March 29, 2026, were 12.0 million shares of common stock for $1,302.8 million, which excludes related excise tax, at an average price per share of $109.62. During the three months ended March 30, 2025, we repurchased 1.5 million shares of common stock for $157.5 million, which excludes related excise tax, at an average price of $107.21 per share.

While we have previously declared a quarterly cash dividend and authorized a share repurchase program, we may reduce or eliminate the cash dividend or share repurchase program in the future. Cash dividends and stock repurchases are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, which will consider, among other things, our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition.

We believe our cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and senior secured revolving credit facility will be sufficient to pay our quarterly dividend and meet our working capital and expenditure needs for at least the next twelve months. Inflation has not had a significant long-term impact on earnings. As of March 29, 2026, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.

Equity Compensation Plans

In addition to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Program as discussed in Note S: "Stock-Based Compensation" in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have a 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan (the "2006 Equity Plan").

The purpose of the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is to encourage stock ownership by all eligible employees of Teradyne. The purpose of the 2006 Equity Plan is to provide equity ownership and compensation opportunities in Teradyne to our employees, officers and directors. Both plans were approved by our shareholders.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For a description of accounting changes and recent accounting pronouncements, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on our consolidated financial statements, see Note C: "Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements" of this Form 10-Q.