JPMorgan Chase & Co.
12/16/2025 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 12/16/2025 10:46
Primary Offering Prospectus (Form 424B2)
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not
an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated December 16, 2025
December , 2025 Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 3-I dated April 13, 2023, underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023,
the prospectus and prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023, and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust due
December 28, 2026
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• The notes are designed for investors who seek exposure to any appreciation of the SPDR® Gold Trust, which we refer to
as the Fund, over the term of the notes, up to a maximum return of at least 17.20% at maturity.
• Investors should be willing to forgo interest payments, while seeking repayment of at least 90.00% of principal at
maturity.
• The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to
as JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit
risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
• Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
• The notes are expected to price on or about December 23, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about December 29,
2025.
• CUSIP: 48136MJK4
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, "Risk Factors" beginning on page PS-12
of the accompanying product supplement and "Selected Risk Considerations" beginning on page PS-4 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved
of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
underlying supplement, prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Price to Public (1)
Fees and Commissions (2)
Proceeds to Issuer
Per note
$1,000
$
$
Total
$
$
$
(1) See "Supplemental Use of Proceeds" in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the
notes.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling
commissions it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $10.00 per
$1,000 principal amount note. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)" in the accompanying product supplement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $985.50 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement
and will not be less than $960.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this
pricing supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
PS-1 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Fund: The SPDR® Gold Trust (Bloomberg ticker: GLD)
Participation Rate: 125.00%
Maximum Amount: At least $172.00 per $1,000 principal
amount note (to be provided in the pricing supplement)
Pricing Date: On or about December 23, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about December
29, 2025
Observation Date*: December 22, 2026
Maturity Date*: December 28, 2026
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event
and as described under "General Terms of Notes - Postponement
of a Determination Date - Notes Linked to a Single Underlying -
Notes Linked to a Single Underlying (Other Than a Commodity
Index)" and "General Terms of Notes - Postponement of a
Payment Date" in the accompanying product supplement
Payment at Maturity:
If the Final Value is greater than the Initial Value, at maturity,
you will receive a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal
amount note, of $1,000 plus the Additional Amount, which will
not be greater than the Maximum Amount.
If the Final Value is equal to or less than the Initial Value, your
payment at maturity will be calculated as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Fund Return)
In no event, however, will the payment at maturity be less than
$900.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.
If the Final Value is less than the Initial Value, you will lose up to
10.00% of your principal amount at maturity.
You are entitled to repayment of at least $900.00 per $1,000
principal amount note at maturity, subject to the credit risks of
JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Additional Amount: The Additional Amount payable at
maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will equal:
$1,000 × Fund Return × Participation Rate
provided that the Additional Amount will not be greater than the
Maximum Amount.
Fund Return:
(Final Value - Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: The closing price of one share of the Fund on the
Pricing Date
Final Value: The closing price of one share of the Fund on the
Observation Date
Share Adjustment Factor: The Share Adjustment Factor is
referenced in determining the closing price of one share of the
Fund and is set equal to 1.0 on the Pricing Date. The Share
Adjustment Factor is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence
of certain events affecting the Fund. See "The Underlyings -
Funds - Anti-Dilution Adjustments" in the accompanying
product supplement for further information.
PS-2 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
The notes are not commodity futures contracts or swaps and are not regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936,
as amended (the "Commodity Exchange Act"). The notes are offered pursuant to an exemption from regulation under the
Commodity Exchange Act, commonly known as the hybrid instrument exemption, that is available to securities that have one or more
payments indexed to the value, level or rate of one or more commodities, as set out in section 2(f) of that statute. Accordingly, you are
not afforded any protection provided by the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulation promulgated by the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
Any values of the Fund, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of
manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of the holders of
the notes or any other party.
Hypothetical Payout Profile
The following table and graph illustrate the hypothetical payment at maturity on the notes linked to a hypothetical Fund. The
hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:
• an Initial Value of $100.00;
• a Participation Rate of 125.00%; and
• a Maximum Amount of $172.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.
The hypothetical Initial Value of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent a likely actual Initial
Value. The actual Initial Value will be the closing price of one share of the Fund on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the pricing
supplement. For historical data regarding the actual closing prices of one share of the Fund, please see the historical information set
forth under "The Fund" in this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical payment at maturity set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual payment at maturity
applicable to a purchaser of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following table and graph have been rounded for ease of
analysis.
Final Value
Fund Return
Additional Amount
Payment at Maturity
$180.00
80.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$165.00
65.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$150.00
50.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$140.00
40.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$130.00
30.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$120.00
20.00%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$113.76
13.76%
$172.00
$1,172.00
$110.00
10.00%
$125.00
$1,125.00
$105.00
5.00%
$62.50
$1,062.50
$101.00
1.00%
$12.50
$1,012.50
$100.00
0.00%
N/A
$1,000.00
$99.00
-1.00%
N/A
$990.00
$97.50
-2.50%
N/A
$975.00
$95.00
-5.00%
N/A
$950.00
$90.00
-10.00%
N/A
$900.00
$80.00
-20.00%
N/A
$900.00
$70.00
-30.00%
N/A
$900.00
$60.00
-40.00%
N/A
$900.00
$50.00
-50.00%
N/A
$900.00
$40.00
-60.00%
N/A
$900.00
$30.00
-70.00%
N/A
$900.00
$20.00
-80.00%
N/A
$900.00
$10.00
-90.00%
N/A
$900.00
$0.00
-100.00%
N/A
$900.00
PS-3 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
The following graph demonstrates the hypothetical payments at maturity on the notes for a range of Fund Returns. There can be no
assurance that the performance of the Fund will result in a payment at maturity in excess of $900.00 per $1,000 principal amount note,
subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.
How the Notes Work
Upside Scenario:
If the Final Value is greater than the Initial Value, investors will receive at maturity the $1,000 principal amount plus the Additional
Amount, which is equal to $1,000 times the Fund Return times the Participation Rate of 100.00% and which will not be greater than the
Maximum Amount of at least $172.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. Assuming a hypothetical Maximum Amount of $172.00 per
$1,000 principal amount note, an investor will realize the maximum payment at maturity at a Final Value of 113.76% or more of the
Initial Value.
• If the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 5.00%, investors will receive at maturity a return equal to 6.25%, or
$1,062.50 per $1,000 principal amount note.
• Assuming a hypothetical Maximum Amount of $172.00 per $1,000 principal amount note, if the closing price of one share of the
Fund increases 50.00%, investors will receive at maturity a return equal to 17.20%, or $1,172.00 per $1,000 principal amount note,
which is the maximum payment at maturity.
Par Scenario:
If the Final Value is equal to the Initial Value, investors will receive at maturity the principal amount of their notes.
Downside Scenario:
If the Final Value is less than the Initial Value, investors will lose 1% of the principal amount of their notes for every 1% that the Final
Value is less than the Initial Value, provided that the payment at maturity will not be less than $900.00 per $1,000 principal amount
note.
• For example, if the closing price of one share of the Fund declines 2.50%, investors will lose 2.50% of their principal amount and
receive only $975.00 per $1,000 principal amount note at maturity.
• For example, if the closing price of one share of the Fund declines 50.00%, investors will lose 10.00% of their principal amount and
receive only $900.00 per $1,000 principal amount note at maturity.
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term.
These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees
and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would likely be lower.
PS-4 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the "Risk Factors" sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
Risks Relating to the Notes Generally
• THE NOTES MAY NOT PAY MORE THAN 90.00% OF THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT AT MATURITY -
If the Final Value is less than the Initial Value, you will lose 1% of the principal amount of your notes for every 1% that the Final
Value is less than the Initial Value, provided that the payment at maturity will not be less than $900.00 per $1,000 principal amount
note, subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co. Accordingly, under these circumstances, you
will lose up to 10.00% of your principal amount at maturity and you will not be compensated for any loss in value due to inflation
and other factors relating to the value of money over time.
• YOUR MAXIMUM GAIN ON THE NOTES IS LIMITED BY THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT,
regardless of any appreciation of the Fund, which may be significant.
• CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. -
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
• AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
-
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase &
Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
• THE NOTES DO NOT PAY INTEREST.
• YOU WILL NOT HAVE ANY RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE FUND OR THE COMMODITIES HELD BY THE FUND.
• LACK OF LIQUIDITY -
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is
likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes
are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
• THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT -
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Maximum Amount.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
• POTENTIAL CONFLICTS -
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.'s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest" in the accompanying product
supplement.
PS-5 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
In addition, the benchmark price of the Fund's Underlying Commodity (as defined under "The Fund" below) is administered by the
London Bullion Market Association ("LBMA") or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA, and we are, or one of our
affiliates is, a price participant that contributes to the determination of that price. Furthermore, our affiliate is the custodian of the
Fund. We and our affiliates will have no obligation to consider your interests as a holder of the notes in taking any actions in
connection with our roles as a price participant and a custodian that might affect the Fund or the notes.
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES -
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are
included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS' ESTIMATES -
See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE -
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates' view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
• THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD -
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See "Secondary Market Prices of the Notes" in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES -
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging
costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the
notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to
the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS -
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging
costs and the price of one share of the Fund. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may
publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or
lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See "Risk
Factors - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - Secondary market prices of the
notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors" in the accompanying product supplement.
PS-6 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
Risks Relating to the Fund
• THE FUND IS NOT AN INVESTMENT COMPANY OR COMMODITY POOL AND WILL NOT BE SUBJECT TO REGULATION
UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED, OR THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT -
Accordingly, you will not benefit from any regulatory protections afforded to persons who invest in regulated investment companies
or commodity pools.
• THE PERFORMANCE AND MARKET VALUE OF THE FUND, PARTICULARLY DURING PERIODS OF MARKET VOLATILITY,
MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FUND'S UNDERLYING COMMODITY AS WELL AS THE NET
ASSET VALUE PER SHARE -
The Fund does not fully replicate the performance of its Underlying Commodity (as defined under "The Fund" below) due to the
fees and expenses charged by the Fund or by restrictions on access to the Underlying Commodity due to other circumstances.
The Fund does not generate any income, and as the Fund regularly sells its Underlying Commodity to pay for ongoing expenses,
the amount of its Underlying Commodity represented by each share gradually declines over time. The Fund sells its Underlying
Commodity to pay expenses on an ongoing basis irrespective of whether the trading price of the shares rises or falls in response to
changes in the price of its Underlying Commodity. The sale by the Fund of its Underlying Commodity to pay expenses at a time of
low prices for its Underlying Commodity could adversely affect the value of the notes. Additionally, there is a risk that part or all of
the Fund's holdings in its Underlying Commodity could be lost, damaged or stolen. Access to the Fund's Underlying Commodity
could also be restricted by natural events (such as an earthquake) or human actions (such as a terrorist attack). All of these
factors may lead to a lack of correlation between the performance of the Fund and its Underlying Commodity. In addition, because
the shares of the Fund are traded on a securities exchange and are subject to market supply and investor demand, the market
value of one share of the Fund may differ from the net asset value per share of the Fund.
During periods of market volatility, the Fund's Underlying Commodity may be unavailable in the secondary market, market
participants may be unable to calculate accurately the net asset value per share of the Fund and the liquidity of the Fund may be
adversely affected. This kind of market volatility may also disrupt the ability of market participants to create and redeem shares of
the Fund. Further, market volatility may adversely affect, sometimes materially, the prices at which market participants are willing
to buy and sell shares of the Fund. As a result, under these circumstances, the market value of shares of the Fund may vary
substantially from the net asset value per share of the Fund. For all of the foregoing reasons, the performance of the Fund may not
correlate with the performance of its Underlying Commodity as well as the net asset value per share of the Fund, which could
materially and adversely affect the value of the notes in the secondary market and/or reduce any payment on the notes.
• THE NOTES ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH GOLD -
The investment objective of the Fund is to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund's
operations. The price of gold is primarily affected by the global demand for and supply of gold. The market for gold bullion is
global, and gold prices are subject to volatile price movements over short periods of time and are affected by numerous factors,
including macroeconomic factors, such as the structure of and confidence in the global monetary system, expectations regarding
the future rate of inflation, the relative strength of, and confidence in, the U.S. dollar (the currency in which the price of gold is
usually quoted), interest rates, gold borrowing and lending rates and global or regional economic, financial, political, regulatory,
judicial or other events. Gold prices may be affected by industry factors, such as industrial and jewelry demand as well as lending,
sales and purchases of gold by the official sector, including central banks and other governmental agencies and multilateral
institutions that hold gold. Additionally, gold prices may be affected by levels of gold production, production costs and short-term
changes in supply and demand due to trading activities in the gold market. From time to time, above-ground inventories of gold
may also influence the market. It is not possible to predict the aggregate effect of all or any combination of these factors. The
price of gold has recently been, and may continue to be, extremely volatile.
• THERE ARE RISKS RELATING TO COMMODITIES TRADING ON THE LBMA -
The investment objective of the Fund is to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund's
operations. The price of gold is determined by the LBMA or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA. The LBMA
is a self-regulatory association of bullion market participants. Although all market-making members of the LBMA are supervised by
the Bank of England and are required to satisfy a capital adequacy test, the LBMA itself is not a regulated entity. If the LBMA
should cease operations, or if bullion trading should become subject to a value added tax or other tax or any other form of
regulation currently not in place, the role of the LBMA gold price as a global benchmark for the value of gold may be adversely
affected. The LBMA is a principals' market, which operates in a manner more closely analogous to an over-the-counter physical
commodity market than regulated futures markets, and certain features of U.S. futures contracts are not present in the context of
LBMA trading. For example, there are no daily price limits on the LBMA which would otherwise restrict fluctuations in the prices of
LBMA contracts. In a declining market, it is possible that prices would continue to decline without limitation within a trading day or
over a period of trading days. The LBMA may alter, discontinue or suspend calculation or dissemination of the LBMA gold price,
PS-7 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
which could adversely affect the value of the notes. The LBMA, or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA, will
have no obligation to consider your interests in calculating or revising the LBMA gold price.
• SINGLE COMMODITY PRICES TEND TO BE MORE VOLATILE THAN, AND MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH, THE PRICES OF
COMMODITIES GENERALLY -
The Fund is linked to a single commodity and not to a diverse basket of commodities or a broad-based commodity index. The
Fund's Underlying Commodity may not correlate to the price of commodities generally and may diverge significantly from the prices
of commodities generally. As a result, the notes carry greater risk and may be more volatile than notes linked to the prices of more
commodities or a broad-based commodity index.
• THE ANTI-DILUTION PROTECTION FOR THE FUND IS LIMITED -
The calculation agent will make adjustments to the Share Adjustment Factor for certain events affecting the shares of the Fund.
However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to all events that could affect the shares of the Fund. If an
event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to make an adjustment, the value of the notes may be materially and
adversely affected.
PS-8 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
The Fund
The Fund is an investment trust sponsored by World Gold Trust Services, LLC. The investment objective of the Fund is for its shares to
reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund's operations. The Fund holds gold bars. We refer to
gold as the Underlying Commodity with respect to the Fund. For additional information about the Fund, see "Fund Descriptions - The
SPDR® Gold Trust" in the accompanying underlying supplement.
Historical Information
The following graph sets forth the historical performance of the Fund based on the weekly historical closing prices of one share of the
Fund from January 3, 2020 through December 12, 2025. The closing price of one share of the Fund on December 12, 2025 was
$395.44. We obtained the closing prices above and below from the Bloomberg Professional® service ("Bloomberg"), without
independent verification. The closing prices above and below may have been adjusted by Bloomberg for actions taken by the Fund,
such as stock splits.
The historical closing prices of one share of the Fund should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance can
be given as to the closing price of one share of the Fund on the Pricing Date or the Observation Date. There can be no assurance that
the performance of the Fund will result in a payment at maturity in excess of $900.00 per $1,000 principal amount note, subject to the
credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Tax Treatment
There is uncertainty regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes due to the lack of governing
authority. You should review carefully the section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," and in particular the
subsection thereof entitled "Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders - Notes with a Term of More than One Year - Notes Treated as
Contingent Payment Debt Instruments" in the accompanying product supplement no. 3-I. Notwithstanding that the notes do not provide
for the full repayment of their principal amount at or prior to maturity, our special tax counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, is of the
opinion that the notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as debt instruments. Based on current market conditions,
we intend to treat the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes as "contingent payment debt instruments." Assuming this treatment is
respected, as discussed in that subsection, unlike a traditional debt instrument that provides for periodic payments of interest at a single
fixed rate, with respect to which a cash-method investor generally recognizes income only upon receipt of stated interest, you generally
will be required to accrue original issue discount ("OID") on your notes in each taxable year at the "comparable yield," as determined by
us, although we will not make any payment with respect to the notes until maturity. Upon sale or exchange (including at maturity), you
will recognize taxable income or loss equal to the difference between the amount received from the sale or exchange and your adjusted
basis in the note, which generally will equal the cost thereof, increased by the amount of OID you have accrued in respect of the note.
You generally must treat any income as interest income and any loss as ordinary loss to the extent of previous interest inclusions, and
the balance as capital loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Special rules may apply if the amount payable at
maturity is treated as becoming fixed prior to maturity. You should consult your tax adviser concerning the application of these rules.
The discussions herein and in the accompanying product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special
tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at their issue price should
PS-9 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
consult their tax advisers with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in notes, including the treatment of the difference, if
any, between the basis in their notes and the notes' adjusted issue price.
Because our intended treatment of the notes as CPDIs is based on current market conditions, we may determine an alternative
treatment is more appropriate based on circumstances at the time of pricing. Our ultimate determination will be binding on you, unless
you properly disclose to the IRS an alternative treatment. Also, the IRS may challenge the treatment of the notes as CPDIs. If we
determine not to treat the notes as CPDIs, or if the IRS successfully challenges the treatment of the notes as CPDIs, then the notes
should be treated as debt instruments that are not CPDIs and unless treated as issued with less than a specified de minimis amount of
original issue discount, could (depending on the facts at the time of pricing) require the accrual of original issue discount as ordinary
interest income based on a yield to maturity different from (and possibly higher than) the comparable yield. Accordingly, under this
treatment, your annual taxable income from (and adjusted tax basis in) the notes could be higher or lower than if the notes were treated
as CPDIs, and any loss recognized upon a disposition of the notes (including upon maturity) would be capital loss, the deductibility of
which is subject to limitations. Accordingly, this alternative treatment could result in adverse tax consequences to you.
The discussions in the preceding paragraphs, when read in combination with the section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences" (and in particular the subsection thereof entitled "- Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders - Notes with a Term of More
than One Year - Notes Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments") in the accompanying product supplement, to the extent
they reflect statements of law, constitute the full opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP regarding the material U.S. federal income tax
consequences of owning and disposing of the notes.
Comparable Yield and Projected Payment Schedule
We will determine the comparable yield for the notes and will provide that comparable yield and the related projected payment schedule
(or information about how to obtain them) in the pricing supplement for the notes, which we will file with the SEC. The comparable yield
for the notes will be determined based upon a variety of factors, including actual market conditions and our borrowing costs for debt
instruments of comparable maturities at the time of issuance. The comparable yield and projected payment schedule are
determined solely to calculate the amount on which you will be taxed with respect to the notes in each year and are neither a
prediction nor a guarantee of what the actual yield will be.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the
notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at
any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied
funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference
may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates' view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove
to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal
funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market
prices of the notes. For additional information, see "Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate" in this
pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on
various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, interest rates and other factors, as well as
assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is determined when the
terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others' estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.
PS-10 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling,
structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions
paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming
risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because
hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that
is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the
notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging
profits. See "Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - The
Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors" in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates
for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the
stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a
profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as
determined by our affiliates. See "Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
of the Notes - The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May
Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period" in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See "Hypothetical Payout Profile" and "How the Notes Work" in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile
of the notes and "The Fund" in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other
affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent
in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying
supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all
other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms,
correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of
ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the "Risk Factors" sections of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the
notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and
other advisers before you invest in the notes.
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our
filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
• Product supplement no. 3-I dated April 13, 2023:
• Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:
PS-11 | Structured Investments
Capped Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust
• Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
• Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, "we," "us" and "our" refer to JPMorgan Financial.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. published this content on December 16, 2025, and is solely responsible for the information contained herein. Distributed via Edgar on December 16, 2025 at 16:46 UTC. If you believe the information included in the content is inaccurate or outdated and requires editing or removal, please contact us at [email protected]