10/23/2025 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 10/23/2025 13:32
Securities Act Registration No. 333-178833
Investment Company Act Registration No. 811-22655
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2025
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ☒
☐ Pre-Effective Amendment No.
☒ Post-Effective Amendment No. 633
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 ☒
☒ Amendment No. 636
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
Northern Lights Fund Trust III
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, OH 45246
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's Telephone Number, including Area Code: (631) 490-4300
The Corporation Trust Company
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
With copy to:
|
JoAnn M. Strasser, Esq. Thompson Hine LLP 41 South High Street, Suite 1700 Columbus, Ohio 43215 614-469-3265 (phone) 614-469-3361 (fax) |
Brian Curley Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450 Cincinnati, Ohio 45246 (631) 470-2688 |
Approximate date of proposed public offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of the Registration Statement.
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
| ☐ | Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
| ☒ | On November 1, 2025 pursuant to paragraph (b) |
| ☐ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
| ☐ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
| ☐ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
| ☐ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
| ☐ | This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration
Enhanced Income Fund
Class I Shares BWDIX
Class I2 Shares BWDTX
PROSPECTUS
November 1, 2025
| Adviser: | |
| Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC | |
| 1301 East 9th Street, Suite 2900 | |
| Cleveland, Ohio 44114 |
| www.boydwattersonfunds.com | 1-877-345-9597 |
This Prospectus provides important information about the Fund that you should know before investing. Please read it carefully and keep it for future reference.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| BOYD WATTERSON LIMITED DURATION ENHANCED INCOME FUND - FUND SUMMARY | 1 | |
| Investment Objectives | 1 | |
| Fees and Expenses of the Fund | 1 | |
| Principal Investment Strategies | 2 | |
| Principal Investment Risks | 3 | |
| Performance | 4 | |
| Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares | 6 | |
| Tax Information | 6 | |
| Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries | 6 | |
| ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS | 7 | |
| Investment Objectives | 7 | |
| Principal Investment Strategies | 7 | |
| Principal Investment Risks | 8 | |
| Temporary Investments | 10 | |
| Portfolio Holdings Disclosure | 11 | |
| Cybersecurity | 11 | |
| MANAGEMENT | 11 | |
| Investment Adviser | 11 | |
| Portfolio Managers | 11 | |
| HOW SHARES ARE PRICED | 13 | |
| HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES | 14 | |
| HOW TO REDEEM SHARES | 16 | |
| FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES | 18 | |
| TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS | 19 | |
| DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES | 20 | |
| Distributor | 20 | |
| Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries | 20 | |
| Householding | 20 | |
| FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS | 21 | |
| PRIVACY NOTICE | 23 | |
| Appendix A: Intermediary-Specific Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts | A-1 |
i
BOYD WATTERSON LIMITED DURATION ENHANCED INCOME FUND - FUND SUMMARY
Investment Objectives: The Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund (the "Fund") seeks: (i) income generation as a principal objective; and (ii) capital preservation and total return as secondary objectives.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund: This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below.
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class I | Class I2 |
| Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on purchases | None | None |
| Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) | None | None |
| Redemption Fee | None | None |
| Management Fees | 0.40% | 0.40% |
| Other Expenses | 0.22% | 0.22% |
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.62% | 0.62% |
| Fee Waiver(1) | (0.02)% | (0.21)% |
|
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement |
0.60% | 0.41% |
| (1) | The Fund's adviser, Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC (the "Adviser"), has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until November 1, 2026, to the extent necessary to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (excluding (i) any front end or contingent deferred loads; (ii) brokerage fees and commissions, (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); (v) taxes; and (vi) extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees, and contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser))) will not exceed 0.60% and 0.41% of average daily net assets attributable to Class I and Class I2, respectively. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed, if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits or within the expense limits in place at the time of recoupment, whichever is lower. These agreements may be terminated by the Board of Trustees only on 60 days' written notice to the Adviser. |
Example: This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based upon these assumptions your costs would be:
| Class | 1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years |
| I | $61 | $197 | $344 | $772 |
| I2 | $42 | $177 | $325 | $754 |
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Portfolio Turnover: The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 17%of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies: Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests a majority of its assets in investments in domestic, and U.S. dollar denominated foreign, income-producing securities. These securities are (i) below investment-grade (also known as "junk" bonds) and investment grade fixed income securities, asset-backed securities, hybrid corporate securities that combine equity and debt characteristics such as preferred stocks, bank loans, and U.S. government securities, and (ii) equity securities. The Fund may make these investments directly or, from time to time, indirectly through exchange traded funds ("ETFs"), which include inverse ETFs and through closed end funds. The targeted duration range of the Fund is between 1.5 years and 4.5 years.
The Fund's investment strategy seeks to capitalize on inefficiencies in the public trading markets for fixed-income securities and bank loans using the proprietary methodology of the Adviser, described below.
Industry Allocation and Security Selection
The Adviser employs a disciplined and balanced approach that combines top-down and bottom-up analysis to determine industry allocations and security selection. Top-down analysis is a method of analysis that involves looking at the industry in which a company operates or at the economy as a whole first, and then analyzing duration, sector and industry allocations. Bottom-up analysis is a method of analysis that focuses on the analysis of individual companies rather than on the industry in which that company operates or on the economy as a whole. Furthermore, the Adviser uses fundamental research to inform industry allocation and security selection decisions by assessing factors affecting the eligible securities' and industries' value and momentum as well as fundamental factors (i.e., forecasted cash flow and credit quality outlook, the effect of economic cyclicality, and overall management quality). The industries in which the Fund may invest are the 74 industries included in the Global Industry Classifications Standards.
Sector Allocation
The Adviser uses a combination of top-down and bottom-up analysis to determine sector allocation. The Adviser assesses the relative value of the securities across the eligible sectors informed by an assessment of factors affecting each eligible sector's value and momentum as well as fundamental factors (i.e., overall market conditions, business and credit cycle conditions, economic growth and inflation forecasts, government policy actions, and historical yield and return volatility versus forecasts). The Fund may invest in all bond market sectors except non-USD-denominated securities.
Tactical Trading Opportunities
The Fund seeks to capitalize on market volatility that is due to short-term causes in the marketplace. The Adviser quickly makes assessments of fundamentals, valuations and momentum to accommodate the short-term event, portfolio action and subsequent resolution. These opportunities take the form of incremental adjustments to security-specific weightings and sector allocations.
In addition, the Fund seeks to take advantage of new issues trading and special situations:
| ● | New Issues Trading. Typically, new issues of fixed income securities are priced cheaply relative to the market to facilitate placement. Thereafter, the prices often tighten in the secondary market. The price for a lesser-known issuer can be significantly cheaper relative to the market. The Fund may acquire new issues of a less liquid issuer in an industry that is less closely followed since the issuer may have to provide additional yield to attract buyers. |
| ● | Special Situations. Special trading opportunities arise as companies restructure, are acquired or go through other changes that can be analyzed and exploited. Such situations may offer a profit potential of several points due to tenders or make-whole calls that may come about because of an issuer's desire to remove restrictive covenants in its bonds. |
Duration Management
The Fund seeks to maintain a limited duration in order to reduce the impact of rising interest rates on its total return. The Fund considers both duration and effective duration in determining the duration of the fixed income securities in which it invests. Duration is a measurement of how long, in years, it takes for the price of a bond to be repaid by its internal cash flows. The longer a bond's duration, the greater impact rising interest rates have on the bond's returns and volatility. Effective duration is a duration calculation for bonds with embedded options (meaning they have a feature that allows the bond to be called earlier than its stated duration) where the approximate percentage change in a bond's price given a 100 bps change in interest rates is measured. Effective duration takes into account that expected cash flows will fluctuate as interest rates change. The duration decision for the Fund is based on optimizing the positioning of the portfolio across the credit curve. The decision is dependent, in part, on the economic outlook of the market as determined by the Adviser.
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Principal Investment Risks: As with all mutual funds, there is a risk that you could lose money through your investment in the Fund.The Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program. Many factors affect the Fund's net asset value ("NAV") and performance.
| ● | Allocation Risk: If the Fund's strategy for allocating assets among different assets classes does not work as intended, the Fund may not achieve its objective or may underperform other funds with the same or similar investment strategy. |
| ● | Asset-Backed Securities Risk: Payment of interest and repayment of principal may be impacted by the cash flows generated by the assets backing these securities. The value of the Fund's asset-backed securities also may be affected by changes in interest rates, the availability of information concerning the interests in and structure of the pools of purchase contracts, financing leases or sales agreements that are represented by these securities, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the loans or receivables, or the entities that provide any supporting letters of credit, surety bonds, or other credit enhancements. |
| ● | Bank Loans Risk: The market for bank loans may not be highly liquid and the Fund may have difficulty selling them. These investments expose the Fund to the credit risk of both the financial institution and the underlying borrower. Bank loans settle on a delayed basis (in some cases, longer than 7 days), potentially leading to the sale proceeds of such loans not being available to meet redemptions for a substantial period of time after the sale of the bank loans. The Fund has obtained a line of credit in order to meet redemptions during these periods, which may increase the Fund's expenses. Certain bank loans may not be considered "securities," and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the protections of federal securities laws, including anti-fraud provisions. |
| ● | Duration Risk: Longer-term securities may be more sensitive to interest rate changes. Rising interest rates pose a heightened risk to the Fund because of its longer-term fixed income securities. Effective duration estimates price changes for relatively small changes in rates. If rates rise significantly, effective duration may tend to understate the drop in a security's price. If rates drop significantly, effective duration may tend to overstate the rise in a security's price. |
| ● | Equity Securities Risk: The NAV of the Fund fluctuates based on changes in the value of the U.S. and/or foreign equity securities held by the Fund. Equity prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions. |
| ● | Fixed Income Securities Risk: When the Fund invests in fixed income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned by the Fund. In general, the market price of fixed income securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Other risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default) and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early, reducing the amount of interest payments). These risks could affect the value of a particular investment by the Fund, possibly causing the Fund's share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments. A rise in interest rates may result in a decline in the value of the bond investments held by the Fund. |
| ● | Foreign Securities Risk: Because the Fund's investments may include foreign securities, the Fund is subject to risks beyond those associated with investing in domestic securities. Foreign companies are generally not subject to the same regulatory requirements of U.S. companies thereby resulting in less publicly available information about these companies. In addition, foreign accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards generally differ from those applicable to U.S. companies. |
| ● | Hybrid Corporate Securities Risk: The interest rate on hybrid corporate securities can fluctuate from fixed to floating rate, which creates uncertainty regarding the interest rate that may be received. |
| ● | Investment Companies Risk: When the Fund invests in other investment companies (such as ETFs and closed end funds), it will bear additional expenses based on its pro rata share of the other investment company's operating expenses, including the potential duplication of management fees. The risk of owning an investment company generally reflects the risks of owning the underlying investments the investment company holds. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases and sells investment companies. |
| ● | Issuer-Specific Risk: The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform worse than the market as a whole. |
| ● | Junk Bonds Risk: Lower-quality bonds, known as "high yield" or "junk" bonds, present greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased risk of default. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Fund's ability to sell its bonds. The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Fund's share price. |
| ● | Large Capitalization Stock Risk: Large-capitalization companies may be less able than smaller capitalization companies to adapt to changing market conditions. Large-capitalization companies may be more mature and subject to more limited growth potential compared with smaller capitalization companies. During different market cycles, the performance of large capitalization companies has trailed the overall performance of the broader securities markets. |
3
| ● | Management Risk: The Adviser's reliance on its strategy and judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of particular securities and the tactical allocation among the Fund's investments may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results. |
| ● | Market and Geopolitical Risk: The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund's portfolio may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, international conflicts, tariffs and trade wars, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. and global financial markets. |
| ● | Preferred Securities Risk: Preferred securities may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred securities are subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company's preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. For this reason, the value of preferred securities will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company's financial condition or prospects. Preferred securities of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than preferred stock of larger companies. |
| ● | Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk: The earnings and prospects of small and medium sized companies are more volatile than larger companies and may experience higher failure rates than larger companies. Small and medium sized companies normally have a lower trading volume than larger companies, which may tend to make their market price fall more disproportionately than larger companies in response to selling pressures and may have limited markets, product lines, or financial resources and lack management experience. |
| ● | U.S. Government Securities Risk: Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Obligations of U.S. government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. government. |
Performance: The bar chart and performance table show the variability of the Fund's returns over time, which is some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows performance of the Fund's Class I2 shares for each of the last 10 calendar years.Although Class I has similar annual returns to Class I2 shares because the classes are invested in the same portfolio of securities, the returns for Class I shares are different from Class I2 shares because Class I shares have different expenses after fee waiver than Class I2 shares. The performance table compares the performance of each share class over time to the performance of a broad-based market index and two supplemental indices. You should be aware that the Fund's past performance (before and after taxes) may not be an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.The Fund acquired all of the assets and liabilities of the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Mid-Grade Fund, LLC (the "Predecessor Fund") in a tax-free reorganization on July 29, 2016. In connection with this acquisition, shares of the Predecessor Fund were exchanged for Class I2 shares of the Fund. The performance information set forth below includes the historical performance of the Predecessor Fund for periods prior to the reorganization. The Predecessor Fund was not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended ("1940 Act") and therefore was not subject to certain investment restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act. If the Predecessor Fund had been registered under the 1940 Act, its performance may have been adversely affected. Updated performance information is available at no cost by visiting www.boydwattersonfunds.comor by calling 1-877-345-9597.
4
Class I2 Performance Bar Chart For Calendar Years Ended December 31
| Best Quarter | 6/30/2020 | 6.61% |
| Worst Quarter | 3/31/2020 | -5.58% |
The Fund's year-to-date returnas of September 30, 2025was 5.45%.
Performance Table
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended December 31, 2024)
|
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Since Inception(2) |
|
| Class I2 shares(1) | ||||
| Return before taxes | 6.63% | 3.96% | 3.94% | - |
| Return after taxes on distributions | 4.19% | 2.16% | 2.53% | - |
| Return after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares | 3.90% | 2.25% | 2.43% | - |
| Class I shares | ||||
| Return before taxes | 6.52% | 3.75% | - | 3.71% |
|
Bloomberg U.S. 1-3 Year Government/Credit Index(3) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
4.36% | 1.58% | 1.63% | 1.78% |
|
Bloomberg U.S. 1-5 Year Government/Credit Index(4) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
3.76% | 1.29% | 1.66% | 1.70% |
|
Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index(5)
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
1.25% | -0.33% | 1.35% | 1.11% |
| (1) | As a result of the different tax treatment of the Predecessor Fund, we are unable to calculate after-tax returns for the Predecessor Fund. The Predecessor Fund did not have a distribution policy. It was an unregistered limited liability company, did not qualify as a regulated investment company for federal income tax purposes, and it did not pay dividends and distributions. |
| (2) | Since April 13, 2017. |
| (3) | The Bloomberg U.S. 1-3 Year Govt/Credit Index is an unmanaged index which is a component of the US Government/Credit Index, which includes Treasury and agency securities (US Government Bond Index) and publicly issued US corporate and foreign debentures and secured notes (US Credit Bond Index). The bonds in the index are investment grade with a maturity between one and three years. Investors cannot invest directly in an index. |
| (4) | The Bloomberg U.S. 1-5 Year Govt/Credit Index is an unmanaged index which is a component of the US Government/Credit Index, which includes Treasury and agency securities (US Government Bond Index) and publicly issued US corporate and foreign debentures and secured notes (US Credit Bond Index). The bonds in the index are investment grade with a maturity between one and five years. Investors cannot invest directly in an index. |
| (5) | The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is an unmanaged index measures the performance of that measures the investment grade, U.S. dollar-denominated, fixed-rate taxable bond market. This includes Treasuries, government-related and corporate securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage-backed securities. Investors cannot invest directly in an index. |
After-tax returns were calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor's tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the Fund through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. After tax returns for the share classes which are not presented will vary from the after-tax returns of Class I2 shares.
5
Investment Adviser: Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC
Portfolio Managers: Brian A. Convery, portfolio manager of the Adviser, David M. Dirk, co-Director of Fixed Income for the Adviser and Brian L. Gevry, CEO and Chief Investment Officer of the Adviser, have served the Fund as Portfolio Managers since it commenced operations in June 2013. Michael Krushena, portfolio manager of the Adviser, has served the Fund as a Portfolio Manager since July 2017. S. Brad Fush, director of credit research for the Adviser, has served the Fund as a Portfolio Manager since July 2021. Mike Vandenbossche, portfolio manager of the Adviser, has served the Fund as a Portfolio Manager since October 2021.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares: The investment minimums for the Fund are:
| Initial Investment | Subsequent Investment | |||
| Class | Regular Account | Retirement Account | Regular Account | Retirement Account |
| I | $1,000 | $1,000 | $100 | $100 |
| I2 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 |
The Fund reserves the right to waive any investment minimum. You may purchase and redeem shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. Redemption requests may be made in writing, by telephone, or through a financial intermediary and will be paid by ACH, check or wire transfer.
Tax Information: Dividends and capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund, whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Fund shares or receive them in cash, are taxable to you at either ordinary income or capital gains tax rates unless you are investing through a tax-deferred plan such as an IRA or 401(k) plan. However, these dividend and capital gain distributions may be taxable upon their eventual withdrawal from tax-deferred plans.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries: If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
6
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS
Investment Objectives:
The Fund seeks (i) income generation as a principal objective and (ii) capital preservation and total return as secondary objectives.
The Fund's investment objective may be changed by the Board of Trustees (the "Board") upon 60 days' written notice to shareholders.
Principal Investment Strategies:
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests a majority of its assets in investments in domestic, and U.S. dollar denominated foreign, income-producing securities. These securities are (i) below investment-grade (including "junk" bonds) and investment grade fixed income securities, asset-backed securities, hybrid corporate securities that combine equity and debt characteristics such as preferred stocks, bank loans, U.S. government securities, and (ii) equity securities. The Fund may make these investments directly or, from time to time, indirectly through ETFs, which include inverse ETFs and through closed end funds. The targeted duration range of the Fund is between 1.5 years and 4.5 years.
The Fund's investment strategy seeks to capitalize on inefficiencies in the public trading markets for fixed-income securities and bank loans using the proprietary methodology of Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC (the "Adviser").
Industry Allocation and Security Selection
The Adviser employs a disciplined and balanced approach that combines top-down and bottom-up analysis to determine industry allocations and security selection. Top-down analysis is a method of analysis that involves looking at the industry in which a company operates or at the economy as a whole first, and then analyzing duration, sector and industry allocations. Bottom-up analysis is a method of analysis that focuses on the analysis of individual companies rather than on the industry in which that company operates or on the economy as a whole. The industries in which the Fund may invest are the 74 industries included in the Global Industry Classifications Standards ("GICS"). GICS is a standardized classification system for equities. Furthermore, the Adviser uses fundamental research to inform industry allocation and security selection decisions. Fundamental research decisions are influenced by:
| ● | Company-Specific and Industry-Specific Fundamental Factors: forecasted cash flow and credit quality outlook, the effect of economic cyclicality, and overall management quality; |
| ● | Company-Specific and Industry-Specific Valuation Indicators: historical yield spread (difference in yield between two instruments) relationships versus U.S. Treasuries, relative yield value between industry peers, and factors including implied default rates and implied yield (what these spreads suggest may occur with default rates and yield going forward), and total return volatility; |
| ● | Company-Specific and Industry-Specific Momentum Measures: supply/demand technical indicators such as volume-weighted price history, liquidity trends and trading sentiment such as over-bought and over-sold indicators. |
Sector Allocation
The Adviser uses a combination of top-down and bottom-up analysis to determine sector allocation. The Adviser assesses the relative value of the securities across the eligible sectors informed by an assessment of the following:
| ● | Fundamental Factors: historical yield and return volatility versus forecasts and the effect of macroeconomic conditions, business and credit cycle conditions, economic growth and inflation forecasts, and government policy actions; |
| ● | Valuation Indicators: historical yield spread relationships versus U.S. Treasuries and excess spreads after factoring in implied default rates; |
| ● | Momentum Measures: supply/demand technical indicators such as volume-weighted price history, liquidity trends and trading sentiment such as over-bought and over-sold indicators. |
7
Tactical Trading Opportunities
The Fund seeks to capitalize on market volatility that is due to short-term causes in the marketplace by shifting asset allocation between sectors and issuers. The Adviser quickly makes assessments of fundamentals, valuations and momentum to analyze the investment impact of a short-term event. These short-term opportunities are captured through incremental adjustments to security-specific weightings and sector allocations. Examples include:
| ● | Buying or selling a security based on credit-specific event that results in a significant movement in yield spreads inconsistent with the Adviser's valuation. |
| ● | Buying or selling a security based on macro-fundamental events, such as a drop in the price of oil, that result in what the Adviser believes to be a disproportionate movement in yield spreads in an economic or industry sector. |
In addition, the Fund seeks to take advantage of new issues trading and special situations:
| ● | New Issues Trading: Typically new issues of fixed income securities are priced cheaply relative to the market to facilitate placement. Thereafter, the prices often tighten in the secondary market. The price for a lesser known issuer can be significantly cheaper relative to the market. The Fund may acquire new issues of a less liquid issuer in an industry that is less closely followed since the issuer may have to provide additional yield to attract buyers. |
| ● | Special Situations: Special trading opportunities arise as companies restructure, are acquired or go through other changes that can be analyzed and exploited. Such situations may offer a profit potential of several points due to tenders or make-whole calls that may come about because of an issuer's desire to remove restrictive covenants in its bonds. |
Duration Management
The Fund seeks to maintain a limited duration in order to reduce the impact of rising interest rates on its total return. The Fund considers both duration and effective duration in determining the duration of the fixed income securities in which it invests. Duration is a measurement of how long, in years, it takes for the price of a bond to be repaid by its internal cash flows. The longer a bond's duration, the greater impact rising interest rates have on the bond's returns and volatility. Effective duration is a duration calculation for bonds with embedded options where the approximate percentage change in a bond's price given a 100 bps change in interest rates is measured. Effective duration takes into account that expected cash flows will fluctuate as interest rates change. The duration decision for the Fund is based on optimizing the positioning of the portfolio across the credit curve. The decision is dependent, in part, on the economic outlook of the market as determined by the Adviser. The Fund may engage in frequent trading of its portfolio, resulting in a higher turnover rate.
Principal Investment Risks:
The following risks may apply to the Fund's direct investments as well as the Fund's indirect risks through investing in other investment companies.
| ● | Allocation Risk: If the Fund's strategy for allocating assets among different assets classes does not work as intended, the Fund may not achieve its objective or may underperform other funds with the same or similar investment strategy. |
| ● | Asset-Backed Securities Risk: Payment of interest and repayment of principal may be impacted by the cash flows generated by the assets backing these securities. The value of the Fund's asset-backed securities also may be affected by changes in interest rates, the availability of information concerning the interests in and structure of the pools of purchase contracts, financing leases or sales agreements that are represented by these securities, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the loans or receivables, or the entities that provide any supporting letters of credit, surety bonds, or other credit enhancements. |
| ● | Bank Loans Risk: The market for bank loans may not be highly liquid and the Fund may have difficulty selling them. These investments expose the Fund to the credit risk of both the financial institution and the underlying borrower. Bank loans settle on a delayed basis (in some cases, longer than 7 days), potentially leading to the sale proceeds of such loans not being available to meet redemptions for a substantial period of time after the sale of the bank loans. The Fund has obtained a line of credit in order to meet redemptions during these periods, which may increase the Fund's expenses. Certain bank loans may not be considered "securities," and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the protections of federal securities laws, including anti-fraud provisions. |
| ● | Duration Risk: Longer-term securities may be more sensitive to interest rate changes. A heightened risk is posed by rising interest rates to the Fund whose portfolio includes longer-term fixed income securities. Effective duration estimates price changes for relatively small changes in rates. If rates rise significantly, effective duration may tend to understate the drop in a security's price. If rates drop significantly, effective duration may tend to overstate the rise in a security's price. |
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| ● | Equity Securities Risk: The NAV of the Fund will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the U.S. and/or foreign equity securities held by the Fund. Equity prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions. |
| ● | Fixed Income Securities Risk: Fixed income risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default) and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early or later than expected, potentially reducing the amount of interest payments or extending time to principal repayment). These risks could affect the value of a particular investment possibly causing the Fund's share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments. When the Fund invests in fixed income securities the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. If the U.S. Federal Reserve's Federal Open Market Committee raises the federal funds interest rate target, interest rates across the U.S. financial system may rise. However, the magnitude of rate changes across maturities and borrower sectors is uncertain. Rising rates may decrease liquidity and increase volatility, which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to the Fund and its shareholders. Additionally, default risk increases if issuers must borrow at higher rates. Generally, changing market conditions may cause the Fund's share price to fluctuate or decline more than other types of equity investments. |
| ● | Foreign Securities Risk: To the extent the Fund invest in foreign securities, the Fund could be subject to greater risks because the Fund's performance may depend on issues other than the performance of a particular company or U.S. market sector. Changes in foreign economies and political climates are more likely to affect the Fund than a mutual fund that invests exclusively in U.S. companies. There may also be less government supervision of foreign markets, resulting in non-uniform accounting practices and less publicly available information. The values of foreign investments may be affected by changes in exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in this country or abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. In addition, foreign brokerage commissions, custody fees and other costs of investing in foreign securities are generally higher than in the United States. Investments in foreign issues could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. As a result, the Fund may be exposed to greater risk and will be more dependent on the Adviser's ability to assess such risk than if the Fund invested solely in more developed countries. |
| ● | Hybrid Corporate Securities Risk: The interest rate on hybrid corporate securities can fluctuate from fixed to floating rate, which creates uncertainty regarding the interest rate that may be received. |
| ● | Investment Companies Risk: When the Fund invests in other investment companies (such as ETFs and closed end funds), it will bear additional expenses based on its pro rata share of the other investment company's operating expenses, including the potential duplication of management fees. The risk of owning an investment company generally reflects the risks of owning the underlying investments the investment company holds. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases and sells investment companies. |
| ● | Issuer-Specific Risk: The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform worse than the market as a whole. The value of large cap securities, as represented by the S&P 500 Index, can be more volatile than smaller cap securities due to differing market reactions to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments. |
| ● | Junk Bonds Risk: Lower-quality bonds, known as "high yield" or "junk" bonds, present a significant risk for loss of principal and interest. These bonds offer the potential for higher return, but also involve greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased possibility that the bond's issuer, obligor or guarantor may not be able to make its payments of interest and principal (credit quality risk). If that happens, the value of the bond may decrease, and the Fund's share price may decrease and its income distribution may be reduced. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates (interest rate risk) could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Fund's ability to sell its bonds (liquidity risk). Such securities may also include "Rule 144A" securities, which are subject to resale restrictions. The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Fund's share price. |
| ● | Large Capitalization Stock Risk: Large-capitalization companies may be less able than smaller capitalization companies to adapt to changing market conditions. Large-capitalization companies may be more mature and subject to more limited growth potential compared with smaller capitalization companies. During different market cycles, the performance of large capitalization companies has trailed the overall performance of the broader securities markets. |
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| ● | Management Risk: The Adviser's reliance on its strategy and its judgments about the value and potential appreciation securities in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect, including the Adviser's tactical allocation of the Fund's portfolio among its investments. The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the Adviser's proprietary investment process. The Adviser's assessment of the relative value of securities, their attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the Adviser's investment strategy will produce the desired results. |
| ● | Market and Geopolitical Risk: The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund's portfolio may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, tariffs and trade wars, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years, such as terrorist attacks around the world, natural disasters, social and political discord or debt crises and downgrades, among others, may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. and global financial markets. It is difficult to predict when similar events affecting the U.S. or global financial markets may occur, the effects that such events may have and the duration of those effects. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund's portfolio. For example, the COVID-19 global pandemic and the aggressive responses taken by many governments had negative impacts, and in many cases severe negative impacts, on markets worldwide. It is not known how long the impacts of the events described above would last, but there could be a prolonged period of global economic slowdown, which may impact your Fund investment. Therefore, the Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. During a general market downturn, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Changes in market conditions and interest rates can have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. In times of severe market disruptions, you could lose your entire investment. |
| ● | Preferred Securities Risk: Preferred securities may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred securities are subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company's preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. For this reason, the value of preferred securities will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company's financial condition or prospects. Preferred securities of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than preferred stock of larger companies. |
| ● | Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk: The earnings and prospects of small and medium sized companies are more volatile than larger companies and may experience higher failure rates than larger companies. Small and medium sized companies normally have a lower trading volume than larger companies, which may tend to make their market price fall more disproportionately than larger companies in response to selling pressures and may have limited markets, product lines, or financial resources and lack management experience. |
| ● | U.S. Government Securities Risk: Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Obligations of U.S. government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. government. |
Temporary Investments: To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in high-quality short-term debt securities and money market instruments. These short-term debt securities and money market instruments include: shares of money market mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, U.S. government securities and repurchase agreements. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective, and it could reduce the benefit from any upswing in the market. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market mutual funds for cash positions, there will be some duplication of expenses because shareholders will pay the fees and expenses of the Fund and, indirectly, the fees and expenses of the underlying money market funds. The Fund may also invest a substantial portion of its assets in such instruments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies.
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Portfolio Holdings Disclosure: A description of the Fund's policies regarding the release of portfolio holdings information is available in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information ("SAI").
Cybersecurity: The computer systems, networks and devices used by the Fund and its service providers to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite the various protections utilized by the Fund and its service providers, systems, networks, or devices potentially can be breached. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices; infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact the Fund's business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses; interference with the Fund's ability to calculate its NAV; impediments to trading; the inability of the Fund, the Adviser, and other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs; as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests; counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, and other financial institutions (including financial intermediaries and service providers for the Fund's shareholders); and other parties. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to prevent any cybersecurity breaches in the future.
MANAGEMENT
Investment Adviser: Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC, 1301 East 9th Street, Suite 2900, Cleveland, OH 44114, serves as investment adviser to the Fund. Subject to the oversight of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for management of the Fund's investment portfolio. The Adviser is responsible for selecting the Fund's investments according to the Fund's investment objective, policies and restrictions. The Adviser and its predecessor firms have been managing institutional clients since 1928. Pursuant to the advisory agreement between the Fund and the Adviser, the Adviser is entitled to receive, on a monthly basis, an annual advisory fee equal to 0.40% of the Fund's average daily net assets. As of June 30, 2025, the Adviser had approximately $18.8 billion in assets under management.
The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until November 1, 2026, to the extent necessary to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (excluding (i) any front end or contingent deferred loads; (ii) brokerage fees and commissions, (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); (v) taxes; and (vi) extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees, and contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser))) will not exceed the amounts set forth in the table below of average daily net assets attributable to the respective class of the Fund. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund within the three years after the date on the fees were waived or reimbursed, if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits or within the expense limits in place at the time of recoupment, whichever is lower. These agreements may be terminated by the Board only on 60 days' written notice to the Adviser. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease the Fund's expenses and boost its performance. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the advisory agreement is available in the Fund's Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Fund paid an aggregate of 0.24% of its average net assets in advisory fees to the Adviser (after fee waivers).
| Class | Expense Cap |
| I | 0.60% |
| I2 | 0.41% |
Portfolio Managers: The Fund is managed by a team of investment professionals. All of the individuals that work on the Fund do so in a coordinated manner, but with varying levels of responsibility and oversight. The fixed income team at the Adviser believes the primary driver of fixed income alpha is the result of properly identifying macroeconomic trends. As leaders of the Adviser's Macro and Fixed Income Investment Policy Committees, Brian Gevry, Brian Convery, and Mike Vandenbossche are responsible for setting and monitoring the general risk levels for the Fund. The day-to-day management of the Fund, which includes managing the cash flows of the Fund, making asset allocation decisions, security selection and trade execution, is the responsibility of Michael J. Krushena, S. Brad Fush, and David Dirk. The SAI provides additional information about each of these team members' compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers, and each portfolio manager's ownership in the Fund.
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Brian Convery, CFA
Executive Vice President, Co-Chief Investment Officer
Brian A. Convery, CFA, is the Co-Chief Investment Officer of the Adviser's real estate division. Brian co-leads the investment process and discipline, developing investment philosophy, strategy, and procedures to ensure the Adviser delivers investment results that meet client expectations while maintaining moderate levels of risk. He guides, alongside the CEO and other CIOs, the Macro and Investment Policy Committees, focusing on evaluating the broad investment market and guiding risk and return positioning. Brian is responsible for working with the Head of the Real Estate Division to develop and implement long-term strategic and annual business plans, overseeing the investment initiatives. He also supervises the Research Team, ensuring high-level strategic focus and performance.
Prior to joining the Adviser in 2011, Brian had an extensive career highlighted by roles including a management consultant focusing on corporate strategy, and investment analyst specializing in high-yield bonds. His initial role with the Adviser was Portfolio Manager of Credit Research. His initiative and innovation quickly elevated his position to his current role, advising on strategic direction and facilitating new product development and execution. Within the real estate division, Brian serves as a portfolio manager and member of the Investment Committee. He was instrumental in the development and launch of the Adviser's state and local government focused open-ended real estate fund and open-ended REIT product and is an integral part of new product development. He has also driven the development and growth of the Research and Data Lab, a facet of the Adviser focusing on qualitative and quantitative decision making, which he now directs.
David M. Dirk, CFA
Executive Vice President, Director of Portfolio Management and Trading
As Director of Portfolio Management and Trading, David M. Dirk, CFA, is responsible for the supervision of all portfolio management and trading activity throughout the Adviser's suite of Fixed Income and Equity products. Alongside the CIO for Fixed Income, he helps to formulate investment strategy focused on maximizing return and minimizing risk across the spectrum. David's diligent approach ensures consistency in the application and subsequent evaluation of these strategies.
David has over 27 years of industry experience, having joined Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co., predecessor to the Adviser, in August of 1996.
Brian Gevry, CFA
Chief Executive Officer, Co-Chief Investment Officer
Brian L. Gevry, CFA, is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Boyd Watterson Global Asset Management Group LLC ("Boyd Watterson Global"), the parent company of the Adviser and Amber Infrastructure Group. Brian is also the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of the Adviser. He is responsible for the strategic leadership of the companies and oversight of the investment processes and committees. In his executive leadership role, he focuses on the development and execution of the vision, cultural values, goals, and strategies, allocating resources as necessary to meet client needs while achieving the long-term success of the organization. He also guides the investment process, including developing investment philosophy and procedures across all asset classes to ensure Boyd Watterson Global's investment management subsidiaries deliver investment results that meet client expectations while maintaining moderate levels of risk.
Brian joined the Adviser's predecessor firm, Duff & Phelps Investment Management, in November of 1991. Prior to becoming CEO and CIO in 2006, Brian held various management positions including Chief Operating Officer and Deputy CIO. Brian has worked to shape the organization's foundational culture ensuring cohesive investment principles, philosophy, and procedures across asset classes. He emphasizes inclusivity and transparency to ensure all employees understand and demonstrate the Adviser's values and beliefs.
Additionally, Brian established the Strategic Management Process, through which he sets and oversees long-term company and line of business objectives. He has been instrumental in the company's growth which continues to accelerate with expanded asset classes and new product offerings comprising real estate, fixed income, equity, and infrastructure strategies. Throughout his tenure as CEO, Brian has expanded the Adviser's footprint, opening offices in Bloomfield Hills, MI, Washington, D.C., Tampa, FL, Denver, CO, and most recently, West Hartford, CT, to join the already-established headquarters in Cleveland, OH, and office in Chicago, IL. With the addition of Amber Infrastructure Group, Brian has taken the business to new levels, expanding into 12 countries.
Michael Krushena, CFA
Executive Vice President, Deputy Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income
As the Deputy Chief Investment Officer within the Fixed Income division, Michael J. Krushena, CFA, along with the CIO for Fixed Income, is responsible for formulating investment strategy and process. Mike also serves as the lead portfolio manager of the Fund, the Tactical CLO Fund, and the fixed income portions of the Multi-Asset Strategy, and custom, credit-focused portfolio strategies. He has primary oversight of the structured product market sector, which includes research and security specific recommendations for asset-backed securities and CLOs. Additionally, he is responsible for high-yield credit research of multiple corporate bond sectors.
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Prior to joining the Adviser in July of 2017, Mike served as the Deputy Chief Investment Officer for the Retirement Systems of the City of Detroit and as a Senior Portfolio Manager for both Ambassador Capital Management and Munder Capital Management. In those latter roles, he was part of the corporate credit strategy team, credit research, and responsible for all structured product activities, including ABS and CLOs.
Mike Vandenbossche, CFA
Executive Vice President, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income
As the Head of Boyd Watterson Fixed Income, Michael R. Vandenbossche, CFA, focuses on investment strategy formation and portfolio management of the Adviser's Fixed Income line of business. Responsible for ensuring investments follow client guidelines, with the goal of realizing client objectives and outperforming applicable benchmarks and competitor peer groups, while managing downside risks. He oversees the daily execution and implementation of the investment process. Mike started with the company in October of 2014 as a Senior Portfolio Manager before transitioning into his current role as CIO.
Previously, Mike served as a Portfolio Manager with Ambassador Capital Management and Munder Capital Management, where he was a member of the Investment Strategy team, headed the Captive Insurance team, and managed the corporate and CMBS sectors. His resume also includes time at Victory Capital Management and First of America Bank in such roles as Portfolio Manager, Asset/Liability Manager, and Municipal Analyst.
S. Brad Fush, CFA
Executive Vice President, Director of Credit Research
As the Director of Credit Research, S. Brad Fush, CFA, is responsible for the development, execution, and continual improvement of the credit research process, as well as oversight of the credit analyst team. Additionally, he is the co-portfolio manager for the Fund and conducts research on a variety of the Adviser's fixed income strategies.
Before joining the Adviser in September 2019, Brad was the Director of Credit Research at Incore Capital Management and Munder Capital Management where he focused on credit analysis and credit modeling for the corporate bond sector.
HOW SHARES ARE PRICED
Shares of the Fund are sold at NAV. The NAV of the Fund is determined at close of regular trading (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of the Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, the Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the mean between the current bid ask prices on such exchanges. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Securities that are not traded or dealt in any securities exchange (whether domestic or foreign) and for which over-the-counter market quotations are readily available generally shall be valued at the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, at the mean between the current bid and ask price on such over-the-counter market. Debt securities not traded on an exchange may be valued at prices supplied by a pricing agent(s) based on broker or dealer supplied valuations or matrix pricing, a method of valuing securities by reference to the value of other securities with similar characteristics, such as rating, interest rate and maturity.
If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the "fair value" procedures approved by the Board. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments, and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may be materially different from the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available. The Board has designated the Adviser as its "Valuation Designee" to execute these procedures. The Adviser may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.
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The Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Fund may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of some of the Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares.
In computing the NAV, the Fund values foreign securities held by the Fund at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in the Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security may be priced using alternative market prices provided by a pricing service. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, alternative market prices may be used to value the security. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine NAV, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of the Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund's NAV is calculated based upon the NAVs of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES
Share Classes
This Prospectus describes two classes of shares offered by the Fund: Class I and Class I2. The Fund offers these classes of shares so that you can choose the class that best suits your investment needs. Refer to the information below so that you can choose the class that best suits your investment needs. The main difference between each class is ongoing fees and minimum investment requirements. There is no investment minimum on reinvested distributions and the Fund may change investment minimums at any time. The Fund and the Adviser may each waive investment minimums at their individual discretion. Not all share classes may be available for purchase in all states.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Share Class
When deciding which class of shares of the Fund to purchase, you should consider your investment goals, present and future amounts you may invest in the Fund, and the length of time you intend to hold your shares. To help you make a determination as to which class of shares to buy, please refer back to the examples of the Fund's expenses over time in the Fees and Expenses of the Fund section for the Fund in this Prospectus. You also may wish to consult with your financial adviser for advice with regard to which share class would be most appropriate for you.
Class I Shares
Class I shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge and are not subject to 12b-1 fees. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund.
Class I2 Shares
Class I2 shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge and are not subject to 12b-1 fees, but have a higher minimum initial investment than the other classes of shares. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund.
Class I2 shares are available for purchase by the entities identified below:
Institutional investors (including companies, foundations, endowments, municipalities, retirement and benefit plans and trusts (other than individual or personal plans and trusts established for estate or financial planning purposes)) and any other entity approved by the Adviser making an initial minimum investment in Class I2 shares of at least $5 million. Such institutional investors may purchase Class I2 shares directly or through a registered broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, provided that such purchases are not made by or on behalf of institutional investors that are participants in fee-based programs or platforms.
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Minimum and Additional Investment Amounts: The minimum initial and subsequent investment by class of shares is:
| Class | Initial Investment | Subsequent Investment | ||
| Regular Account | Retirement Account | Regular Account | Retirement Account | |
| I | $1,000 | $1,000 | $100 | $100 |
| I2 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $100 | $100 |
The Fund reserves the right to waive any minimum. There is no minimum investment requirement when you are buying shares by reinvesting dividends and distributions from the Fund.
You may purchase shares of the Fund by sending a completed application form to the following address:
|
Regular Mail
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration c/o Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC P.O. Box 46707 Cincinnati, OH 45246 |
Express/Overnight Mail
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration c/o Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC 225 Pictoria Dr, Suite 450 Cincinnati, OH 45246 |
The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Fund, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. As requested on the application, you should supply your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing a P.O. Box will not be accepted. This information will assist the Fund in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Fund may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Fund may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a shareholder's identity. As required by law, the Fund may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct.
Purchase through Brokers: You may invest in the Fund through brokers or agents who have entered into selling agreements with the Distributor. The brokers and agents are authorized to receive purchase and redemption orders on behalf of the Fund. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on the Fund's behalf. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a broker's authorized designee receives the order. The broker or agent may set their own initial and subsequent investment minimums. You may be charged a fee if you use a broker or agent to buy or redeem shares of the Fund. Finally, various servicing agents use procedures and impose restrictions that may be in addition to, or different from those applicable to investors purchasing shares directly from the Fund. You should carefully read the program materials provided to you by your servicing agent.
Purchase by Wire: If you wish to wire money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 1-877-345-9597 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund's designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds.
Automated Clearing House (ACH) Purchase: Current shareholders may purchase additional shares via Automated Clearing House ("ACH"). To have this option added to your account, please send a letter to the Fund requesting this option and supply a voided check for the bank account. Only bank accounts held at domestic institutions that are ACH members may be used for these transactions.
You may not use ACH transactions for your initial purchase of Fund shares. ACH purchases will be effective at the closing price per share on the business day after the order is placed. The Fund may alter, modify or terminate this purchase option at any time.
Shares purchased by ACH will not be available for redemption until the transactions have cleared. Shares purchased via ACH transfer may take up to 15 days to clear.
Automatic Investment Plan: You may participate in the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $50 on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact the Fund at 1-877-345-9597 for more information about the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan.
The Fund, however, reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to reject any application to purchase shares. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by a check drawn on a U.S. bank, thrift institutions, or credit union in U.S. funds for the full amount of the shares to be purchased. After you open an account, you may purchase additional shares by sending a check together with written instructions stating the name(s) on the account and the account number, to the above address. Make all checks payable to "Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund." The Fund does not accept cash, drafts, "starter" checks, travelers checks, credit card checks, post-dated checks, non-U.S. financial institution checks, cashier's checks, or money orders. Also, to prevent fraud, the Fund will not accept third party checks, U.S. Treasury checks, or credit cards for the purchase of shares. Redemptions of shares of the Fund purchased by check may be subject to a hold period until the check has been cleared by the issuing bank. To avoid such holding periods, shares may be purchased through a broker or by wire, as described in this section.
15
Note: Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, the Fund's transfer agent (the "Transfer Agent"), will charge a $25 fee against a shareholder's account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any check or electronic payment returned to the transfer agent for insufficient funds.
When Order is Processed: All shares will be purchased at the NAV per share (plus applicable sales charges, if any) next determined after the Fund, authorized broker, or, if applicable, a brokers authorized designee receives your application or request in good order. All requests received in good order by the Fund before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) will be processed on that same day. Requests received after 4:00 p.m. will be processed on the next business day.
| Good Order: When making a purchase request, make sure your request is in good order. "Good order" means your purchase request includes: | ||
| ● | the name of the Fund and share class; | |
| ● | the dollar amount of shares to be purchased; | |
| ● | a completed purchase application or investment stub; and | |
| ● | check payable to the "Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund." | |
Retirement Plans: You may purchase shares of the Fund for your individual retirement plans. Please call the Fund at 1-877-345-9597 for the most current listing and appropriate disclosure documentation on how to open a retirement account.
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES
Redeeming Shares: The Fund typically expects that it will take up to three business days following receipt of your redemption request to pay out redemption proceeds by check or electronic transfer. The Fund typically expects to pay redemptions from cash, cash equivalents, proceeds from the sale of Fund shares, any lines of credit, and then from the sale of portfolio securities. These redemption payment methods will be used in regular and stressed market conditions. You may redeem all or any portion of the shares credited to your account by submitting a written request for redemption to:
|
Regular Mail
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration c/o Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC P.O Box 46707 Cincinnati, OH 45246 |
Express/Overnight Mail
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration c/o Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC 225 Pictoria Dr, Suite 450 Cincinnati, OH 45246 |
Redemptions by Telephone: The telephone redemption privilege is automatically available to all new accounts. If you do not want the telephone redemption privilege, you must indicate this in the appropriate area on your account application or write to the Fund and instruct it to remove this privilege from your account.
The proceeds will be sent by mail to the address designated on your account or wired directly to your existing account in a bank or brokerage firm in the United States as designated on your application. To redeem by telephone, call 1-877-345-9597. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of your telephone instructions. If you own an IRA, you will be asked whether or not the Fund(s) should withhold federal income tax.
During periods of high market activity, you may encounter higher than usual wait times. Please allow sufficient time to ensure that you will be able to complete your telephone transaction prior to market close. Neither the Fund nor the Transfer Agent will be held liable if you are unable to place your trade due to high call volume.
The Fund reserves the right to suspend the telephone redemption privileges with respect to your account if the name(s) or the address on the account has been changed within the previous 30 days. Neither the Fund, the Transfer Agent, nor their respective affiliates will be liable for complying with telephone instructions they reasonably believe to be genuine or for any loss, damage, cost or expenses in acting on such telephone instructions and you will be required to bear the risk of any such loss. The Fund or the Transfer Agent, or both, will employ reasonable procedures to determine that telephone instructions are genuine. If the Fund and/or the Transfer Agent do not employ these procedures, they may be liable to you for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. These procedures may include, among others, requiring forms of personal identification prior to acting upon telephone instructions, providing written confirmation of the transactions and/or recording telephone instructions.
Redemptions through Broker: If shares of the Fund are held by a broker-dealer, financial institution or other servicing agent, you must contact that servicing agent to redeem shares of the Fund. The servicing agent may charge a fee for this service.
Redemptions by Wire: You may request that your redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The Transfer Agent imposes a $15 fee for each wire redemption and deducts the fee directly from your account. Your bank may also impose a fee for the incoming wire.
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Systematic Withdrawal Plan: If your individual accounts, IRA or other qualified plan account have a current account value of at least $10,000, you may participate in the Fund's Systematic Withdrawal Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money to your bank account from the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers. You may elect to make subsequent withdrawals by transfers of a minimum of $250 on specified days of each month into your established bank account. Please contact the Fund at 1-877-345-9597 for more information about the Fund's Systematic Withdrawal Plan.
Redemptions in Kind: The Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders by making payment in whole or in part in readily marketable securities ("redemption in kind") if the amount is greater than the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the Fund's assets. The securities will be chosen by the Fund and valued under the Fund's NAV procedures. A shareholder will be exposed to market risk until these securities are converted to cash and may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
When Redemptions are Sent: Once the Fund receives your redemption request in "good order" as described below, it will issue a check based on the next determined NAV following your redemption request. If you purchase shares using a check and soon after request a redemption, your redemption proceeds, which are payable at the next determined NAV following the receipt your redemption request in "good order", as described below, will not be sent until the check used for your purchase has cleared your bank.
| Good Order: Your redemption request will be processed if it is in "good order." To be in good order, the following conditions must be satisfied: | ||
| ● | The request should be in writing, unless redeeming by telephone, indicating the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed; | |
| ● | The request must identify your account number; | |
| ● | The request should be signed by you and any other person listed on the account, exactly as the shares are registered; and | |
| ● | If you request that the redemption proceeds be sent to a person, bank or an address other than that of record or paid to someone other than the record owner(s), or if the address was changed within the last 30 days, or if the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000, the signature(s) on the request must be medallion signature guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor. | |
When You Need Medallion Signature Guarantees: If you wish to change the bank or brokerage account that you have designated on your account, you may do so at any time by writing to the Fund with your signature guaranteed. A medallion signature guarantee assures that a signature is genuine and protects you from unauthorized account transfers. You will need your signature guaranteed if:
| ● | you request a redemption to be made payable to a person not on record with the Trust, on behalf of the Fund; |
| ● | you request that a redemption be mailed to an address other than that on record with the Trust, on behalf of the Fund; |
| ● | the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000; |
| ● | any redemption is transmitted to a bank other than the bank of record; or |
| ● | your address was changed within 30 days of your redemption request. |
Signatures may be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution (including banks, brokers and dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations). Further documentation will be required to change the designated account if shares are held by a corporation, fiduciary or other organization. A notary public cannot guarantee signatures.
Retirement Plans: If you own an IRA or other retirement plan, you must indicate on your redemption request whether the Fund should withhold federal income tax. Unless you elect in your redemption request that you do not want to have federal tax withheld, the redemption will be subject to withholding.
Low Balances: If at any time your account balance in the Fund falls below $500, the Fund may notify you that, unless the account is brought up to at least $500 within 30 days of the notice; your account could be closed. After the notice period, the Fund may redeem all of your shares and close your account by sending you a check to the address of record. Your account will not be closed if the account balance drops below required minimums due to a decline in NAV. The Fund will not charge any redemption fee on involuntary redemptions.
An account may be turned over as unclaimed property to the investor's last known state of tax residence if the account is deemed "inactive" or "lost" during the time frame specified within the applicable state's unclaimed property laws. Investors who are residents
17
of the state of Texas may designate a representative to receive legislatively required unclaimed property due diligence notifications. A Texas Designation of Representative Form is available for making such an election.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Fund's investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing including:
| ● | Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Fund's "Market Timing Trading policy"; |
| ● | Rejecting or limiting specific purchase requests; and |
| ● | Rejecting purchase requests from certain investors. |
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Fund's shareholders.
Based on the frequency of redemptions in your account, the Adviser or the Transfer Agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases or exchanges into the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Fund nor the Adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase orders. The Adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial advisor) from opening new accounts with the Trust, on behalf of the Fund.
Although the Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Fund. While the Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Trust, on behalf of the Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Fund upon request. If the Fund or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Fund will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the Adviser, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
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TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Any sale or exchange of the Fund's shares may generate tax liability (unless you are a tax-exempt investor or your investment is in a qualified retirement account). When you redeem your shares you may realize a taxable gain or loss. This is measured by the difference between the proceeds of the sale and the tax basis for the shares you sold. (To aid in computing your tax basis, you generally should retain your account statements for the period that you hold shares in the Fund.)
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income quarterly and net capital gains annually in December. Both distributions will be reinvested in shares of the Fund unless you elect to receive cash. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year, the Fund will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
Your redemptions, including exchanges, may result in a capital gain or loss for federal tax purposes. A capital gain or loss on your investment is the difference between the cost of your shares, including any sales charges, and the amount you receive when you sell them.
The Fund must report to the IRS and furnish to shareholders the cost basis information for shares purchased and sold. The Fund has chosen average cost as its standing (default) tax lot identification method for all shareholders, which means the Fund uses this method to determine which specific shares are deemed to be sold when there are multiple purchases on different dates at differing NAVs, and the entire position is not sold at one time. Shareholders may, however, choose a method other than the Fund's standing method at the time of their purchase or upon sale of covered shares. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the best IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how cost basis reporting applies to them. Shareholders also should carefully review the cost basis information provided to them by the Fund and make any additional basis, holding period or other adjustments that are required when reporting these amounts on their federal income tax returns.
On the account application, you will be asked to certify that your social security number or taxpayer identification number is correct and that you are not subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. If you are subject to backup withholding or you did not certify your taxpayer identification number, the IRS requires the Fund to withhold a percentage of any dividend, redemption or exchange proceeds. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application that does not include a certified social security or taxpayer identification number. If you do not have a social security number, you should indicate on the purchase form that your application to obtain a number is pending. The Fund is required to withhold taxes if a number is not delivered to the Fund within seven days.
This summary is not intended to be and should not be construed to be legal or tax advice. You should consult your own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences of owning the Fund's shares.
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DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES
Distributor: Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "Distributor"), 4221 North 203rd Street, Suite 100, Elkhorn, NE 68022, is the distributor for the shares of the Fund. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA"). Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis.
Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries: The Distributor and its affiliates, and the Adviser and its affiliates may, at their own expense and out of their own assets including their legitimate profits from Fund-related activities, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund or assist in the marketing of the Fund. Financial intermediaries include brokers, financial planners, banks, insurance companies, retirement or 401(k) plan administrators and others. These payments may be in addition to the Rule 12b-1 fees and any sales charges that are disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus. These payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide shareholder or administrative services, or marketing support. Marketing support may include access to sales meetings, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives, inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs. These payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders. The Distributor may, from time to time, provide promotional incentives to certain investment firms. Such incentives may, at the Distributor's discretion, be limited to investment firms who allow their individual selling representatives to participate in such additional compensation.
Householding: To reduce expenses, the Fund mails only one copy of a Prospectus and each annual and semi-annual tailored shareholder report to those addresses shared by accounts that have elected to receive paper copies of these documents. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Fund at 1-877-345-9597 on days the Fund is open for business or contact your financial institution. The Fund will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.
20
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund's financial performance for the period of the Fund's operations for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by Cohen & Company, Ltd., the Fund's Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, whose report, along with the Fund's financial statements, are available at no charge upon request.
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Per Share Data and Ratios for a Share of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout the Years Presented
| Class I | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
For the Year Ended June 30, 2025 |
For the 2024 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2022 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2021 |
||||||||||||||||
| Net asset value, beginning of year | $ | 9.66 | $ | 9.42 | $ | 9.20 | $ | 10.08 | $ | 9.89 | ||||||||||
| Activity from investment operations: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income(1) | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.42 | 0.27 | 0.29 | |||||||||||||||
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.25 | (0.83 | ) | 0.22 | ||||||||||||||
| Total from investment operations | 0.63 | 0.80 | 0.67 | (0.56 | ) | 0.51 | ||||||||||||||
| Less distributions from: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | (0.57 | ) | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.30 | ) | (0.32 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net realized gains | - | - | (0.00 | )(2) | (0.02 | ) | - | |||||||||||||
| Total distributions | (0.57 | ) | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.32 | ) | (0.32 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net asset value, end of year | $ | 9.72 | $ | 9.66 | $ | 9.42 | $ | 9.20 | $ | 10.08 | ||||||||||
| Total return(3) | 6.63 | %(6) | 8.69 | %(6) | 7.50 | % | (5.69 | )% | 5.19 | % | ||||||||||
| Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 120,965 | $ | 98,503 | $ | 64,313 | $ | 66,146 | $ | 86,471 | ||||||||||
| Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets(4,5) | 0.62 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | ||||||||||
| Ratio of net expenses to average net assets(5) | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | ||||||||||
| Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | 5.70 | % | 5.58 | % | 4.57 | % | 2.67 | % | 2.89 | % | ||||||||||
| Portfolio Turnover Rate | 17 | % | 28 | % | 35 | % | 47 | % | 73 | % | ||||||||||
| (1) | Per share amounts calculated using the average shares method, which more appropriately represents the per share data for the year. |
| (2) | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| (3) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales charges and redemption fees and assumes reinvestment of all distributions. |
| (4) | Represents the ratio of expenses to average net assets absent fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements by the advisor. |
| (5) | Does not include the expenses of other investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| (6) | Includes adjustments in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and, consequently, the net asset value for financial reporting purposes and the returns based upon those net asset values may differ from the net asset values and returns for shareholder transactions. |
21
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Per Share Data and Ratios for a Share of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout the Years Presented
| Class I2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
For the Year Ended June 30, 2025 |
For the 2024 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2022 |
For the Year Ended June 30, 2021 |
||||||||||||||||
| Net asset value, beginning of year | $ | 9.82 | $ | 9.55 | $ | 9.30 | $ | 10.17 | $ | 9.95 | ||||||||||
| Activity from investment operations: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income(1) | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.45 | 0.29 | 0.32 | |||||||||||||||
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments | 0.07 | 0.27 | 0.25 | (0.84 | ) | 0.22 | ||||||||||||||
| Total from investment operations | 0.66 | 0.83 | 0.70 | (0.55 | ) | 0.54 | ||||||||||||||
| Less distributions from: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | (0.57 | ) | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.30 | ) | (0.32 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net realized gains | - | - | (0.00 | )(2) | (0.02 | ) | - | |||||||||||||
| Total distributions | (0.57 | ) | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.32 | ) | (0.32 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net asset value, end of year | $ | 9.91 | $ | 9.82 | $ | 9.55 | $ | 9.30 | $ | 10.17 | ||||||||||
| Total return(3) | 6.83 | %(6) | 8.89 | % | 7.74 | % | (5.54 | )% | 5.46 | % | ||||||||||
| Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 413,500 | $ | 348,278 | $ | 311,396 | $ | 286,882 | $ | 259,922 | ||||||||||
| Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets(4,5) | 0.62 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | 0.60 | % | ||||||||||
| Ratio of net expenses to average net assets(5) | 0.41 | % | 0.41 | % | 0.40 | % | 0.40 | % | 0.40 | % | ||||||||||
| Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | 5.89 | % | 5.77 | % | 4.78 | % | 2.88 | % | 3.10 | % | ||||||||||
| Portfolio Turnover Rate | 17 | % | 28 | % | 35 | % | 47 | % | 73 | % | ||||||||||
| (1) | Per share amounts calculated using the average shares method, which more appropriately represents the per share data for the year. |
| (2) | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| (3) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales charges and redemption fees and assumes reinvestment of all distributions. |
| (4) | Represents the ratio of expenses to average net assets absent fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements by the advisor. |
| (5) | Does not include the expenses of other investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| (6) | Includes adjustments in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and, consequently, the net asset value for financial reporting purposes and the returns based upon those net asset values may differ from the net asset values and returns for shareholder transactions. |
22
PRIVACY NOTICE
Rev. June 2021
| FACTS | WHAT DOES NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST III DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION? | ||||
| Why? | Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do. | ||||
| What? |
The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include: |
||||
| ● | Social Security number | ● | Purchase History | ||
| ● | Assets | ● | Account Balances | ||
| ● | Retirement Assets | ● | Account Transactions | ||
| ● | Transaction History | ● | Wire Transfer Instructions | ||
| ● | Checking Account Information | ||||
|
When you are no longer our customer, we continue to share your information as described in this notice. |
|||||
| How? | All financial companies need to share customers' personal information to run their everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers' personal information; the reasons Northern Lights Fund Trust III chooses to share; and whether you can limit this sharing. | ||||
| Reasons we can share your personal information |
Does Northern Lights Fund Trust III share? |
Can you limit this sharing? |
|
For our everyday business purposes - such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus |
Yes | No |
|
For our marketing purposes - to offer our products and services to you |
No | We don't share |
| For joint marketing with other financial companies | No | We don't share |
|
For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your transactions and experiences |
No | We don't share |
|
For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your creditworthiness |
No | We don't share |
| For nonaffiliates to market to you | No | We don't share |
| Questions? | Call (631) 490-4300 |
23
| Who we are | |||
| Who is providing this notice? |
Northern Lights Fund Trust III |
||
| What we do | |||
| How does Northern Lights Fund Trust III protect my personal information? |
To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings. Our service providers are held accountable for adhering to strict policies and procedures to prevent any misuse of your nonpublic personal information. |
||
| How does Northern Lights Fund Trust III collect my personal information? |
We collect your personal information, for example, when you |
||
| ● | Open an account | ||
| ● | Provide account information | ||
| ● | Give us your contact information | ||
| ● | Make deposits or withdrawals from your account | ||
| ● | Make a wire transfer | ||
| ● | Tell us where to send the money | ||
| ● | Tells us who receives the money | ||
| ● | Show your government-issued ID | ||
| ● | Show your driver's license | ||
|
We also collect your personal information from other companies. |
|||
| Why can't I limit all sharing? |
Federal law gives you the right to limit only |
||
| ● | Sharing for affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your creditworthiness | ||
| ● | Affiliates from using your information to market to you | ||
| ● | Sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you | ||
|
State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing. |
|||
| Definitions | |||
| Affiliates |
Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. |
||
| ● | Northern Lights Fund Trust III does not share with our affiliates. | ||
| Nonaffiliates |
Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies |
||
| ● | Northern Lights Fund Trust III does not share with nonaffiliates so they can market to you. | ||
| Joint marketing |
A formal agreement between nonaffiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you. |
||
| ● | Northern Lights Fund Trust III doesn't jointly market. | ||
24
Appendix A: Intermediary-Specific Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts
The availability of certain initial and contingent deferred sales charge waivers and discounts may depend on the particular financial intermediary or type of account through which you purchase or hold Fund shares. Financial intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of these waivers and discounts. For waivers or discounts not available through a particular intermediary, investors will have to purchase shares directly from the Fund or through another intermediary to receive such waivers or discounts to the extent such a waiver or discount is available. The following descriptions of sales charge waivers and discounts for a particular financial intermediary and class(es) of shares are reproduced based on information provided by the financial intermediary that the intermediary has represented is current with respect to sales charge waivers or discounts in effect. These waivers or discounts, which may vary from those disclosed elsewhere in the statutory prospectus or SAI, are subject to change and this Appendix will be updated based on information provided by the financial intermediaries. Neither the Fund, the Advisor, nor the Distributor supervises the implementation of these waivers or discounts or verifies the intermediaries' administration of these waivers or discounts.
In all instances, it is the purchaser's responsibility to notify the financial intermediary of any facts that may qualify the purchaser for sales charge waivers or discounts. Please contact your financial intermediary for more information.
Morgan Stanley Wealth Management Purchases
Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Morgan Stanley Wealth Management brokerage account will be eligible only for the following front-end sales charge waivers with respect to Class A shares, which may differ from and may be more limited than those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund's Prospectus or SAI.
Front-end Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
| ● | Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans |
| ● | Morgan Stanley employee and employee-related accounts according to MSSB's account linking rules |
| ● | Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund |
| ● | Shares purchased through a Morgan Stanley self-directed brokerage account |
| ● | Class C (i.e., level-load) shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Class A shares of the same fund pursuant to Morgan Stanley Wealth Management's share class conversion program |
| ● | Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (i) the repurchase occurs within 90 days' following the redemption, (ii) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (iii) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge. |
A-1
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund
| Adviser |
Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC 1301 East 9th Street, Suite 2900 Cleveland, OH 44114 |
Distributor |
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC 4221 North 203rd Street, Suite 100 Elkhorn, NE 68022 |
|
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
Cohen & Company, Ltd. 1835 Market Street, Suite 310, Philadelphia, PA 19103 |
Legal Counsel |
Thompson Hine LLP 41 South High Street, Suite 1700 Columbus, OH 43215 |
| Custodian |
U.S. Bank National Association, LLC 1555 N. River Center Drive Milwaukee, WI 53212 |
Transfer Agent |
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC Cincinnati, OH 45246 |
Additional information about the Fund is included in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information dated November 1, 2025 (the "SAI"). The SAI is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference (i.e., legally made a part of this Prospectus). The SAI provides more details about the Fund's policies and management. Additional information about the Fund's investments is available in the Fund's Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders. In the Fund's Annual Report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund's performance during its last fiscal year.
To obtain a free copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders, or other information about the Fund, or to make shareholder inquiries about the Fund, please call 1-877-345-9597 or visit www.boydwattersonfunds.com. You may also write to:
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund
c/o Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC
225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450
Cincinnati, OH 45246
Reports and other information about the Fund is available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: [email protected].
Investment Company Act File # 811-22655
Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund
Class I Shares BWDIX
Class I2 Shares BWDTX
a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust III
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
November 1, 2025
This Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") is not a Prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund (the "Fund") dated November 1, 2025, which is incorporated by reference into this SAI (i.e., legally made a part of this SAI). Copies may be obtained without charge by contacting the Fund's Transfer Agent, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, Ohio 45246 or by calling 1-877-345-9597. You may also obtain a prospectus by visiting the Fund's website at www.boydwattersonfunds.com.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| THE FUND | 1 |
| INVESTMENTS AND RISKS | 2 |
| PORTFOLIO TURNOVER | 18 |
| INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS | 18 |
| INVESTMENT ADVISER | 20 |
| PORTFOLIO MANAGERS | 21 |
| ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE | 22 |
| POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS | 24 |
| OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS | 25 |
| INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | 27 |
| LEGAL COUNSEL | 27 |
| DISTRIBUTOR | 28 |
| DESCRIPTION OF SHARES | 28 |
| CODE OF ETHICS | 28 |
| PROXY VOTING POLICIES | 29 |
| PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF FUND SHARES | 29 |
| TAX STATUS | 33 |
| ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM | 38 |
| CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES | 39 |
| MANAGEMENT | 40 |
| FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 45 |
| APPENDIX A - BOND RATINGS | 46 |
| APPENDIX B - PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES | 48 |
THE FUND
The Fund is a diversified series of Northern Lights Fund Trust III, a Delaware statutory trust organized on December 5, 2011 (the "Trust"). The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the "Board").
The Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of the Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares, on a class-specific basis, (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC (the "Adviser") is the Fund's investment adviser. The Fund's investment objectives, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus. The Board may start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.
The Fund acquired all of the assets and liabilities of the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Mid-Grade Fund, LLC ("Predecessor Fund"), in a tax-free reorganization on July 29, 2016 (the "Reorganization"). In connection with the Reorganization, shares of the Predecessor Fund were exchanged for Class I2 shares of the Fund. Certain financial information included on the following pages is that of the Predecessor Fund.
The Fund has four classes of shares: Class R, Investor Class, Class I, and Class I2. Class R and Investor Class are not currently available for sale. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads; (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Board fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. The Board may classify and reclassify the shares of the Fund into additional classes of shares at a future date.
Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal. Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders. As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.
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INVESTMENTS AND RISKS
The investment objective of the Fund and the descriptions of the Fund's principal investment strategies are set forth under "Principal Investment Strategies" in the Prospectus. The Fund's investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust.
The following pages contain more detailed information about the types of instruments in which the Fund may invest, strategies the Adviser may employ in pursuit of the Fund's investment objective and a summary of related risks.
Equity Securities
Equity securities in which the Fund invests include common stocks, preferred stocks and securities convertible into common stocks, such as convertible bonds, warrants and rights. The value of equity securities varies in response to many factors, including the activities and financial condition of individual companies, the business market in which individual companies compete and general market and economic conditions. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on factors unrelated to the value of the issuer of the securities, and such fluctuations can be significant.
Common Stock
Common stock represents an equity (ownership) interest in a company, and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company's stock price.
Preferred Stock
The Fund may invest in preferred stock with no minimum credit rating. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends and the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights and its market value may change based on changes in interest rates.
The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market's perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measures of a company's worth.
Fixed Income/Debt/Bond Securities
Yields on fixed income securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and other fixed income securities markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. An investment in the Fund will be subjected to risk even if all fixed income securities in the Fund's portfolio are paid in full at maturity. All fixed income securities, including U.S. government securities, can change in value when there is a
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change in interest rates or the issuer's actual or perceived creditworthiness or ability to meet its obligations.
There is normally an inverse relationship between the market value of securities sensitive to prevailing interest rates and actual changes in interest rates. In other words, an increase in interest rates produces a decrease in market value. The longer the remaining maturity (and duration) of a security, the greater will be the effect of interest rate changes on the market value of that security. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market's perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. Obligations of issuers of fixed income securities (including municipal securities) are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978. In addition, the obligations of municipal issuers may become subject to laws enacted in the future by Congress, state legislatures, or referenda extending the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations or upon the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market's perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. The possibility exists, therefore, that, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may become impaired.
The corporate debt securities in which the Fund may invest include corporate bonds and notes and short-term investments such as commercial paper and variable rate demand notes. Commercial paper (short-term promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their or their affiliate's current obligations and is frequently unsecured. Variable and floating rate demand notes are unsecured obligations typically redeemable upon not more than 30 days' notice. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days' notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security.
The Fund may invest in sovereign bonds. Sovereign bonds involve special risks not present in corporate bonds. The governmental authority that controls the repayment of the bonds may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal on its bonds. If an issuer of sovereign bonds defaults on payments of principal and/or interest, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuer. In the past, certain governments of emerging market countries have declared themselves unable to meet their financial obligations on a timely basis, which has resulted in losses to holders of such government's debt.
A sovereign debtor's willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor's policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third-party
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commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor's ability or willingness to service its debts.
The Fund may invest in debt securities, including non-investment grade debt securities. The following describes some of the risks associated with fixed income debt securities:
Interest Rate Risk. Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. In general, the price of a debt security can fall when interest rates rise and can rise when interest rates fall. Securities with longer maturities and mortgage securities can be more sensitive to interest rate changes although they usually offer higher yields to compensate investors for the greater risks. The longer the maturity of the security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the security's price. In addition, short-term and long-term interest rates do not necessarily move in the same amount or the same direction. Short-term securities tend to react to changes in short-term interest rates and long-term securities tend to react to changes in long-term interest rates.
Credit Risk. Fixed income securities have speculative characteristics and changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of those issuers to make principal or interest payments, as compared to issuers of more highly rated securities.
Extension Risk. The Fund is subject to the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as mortgage-backed securities) later than expected. This may happen when there is a rise in interest rates. These events may lengthen the duration (i.e., interest rate sensitivity) and potentially reduce the value of these securities.
Prepayment Risk. Certain types of debt securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities may include both interest and a partial payment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, payments of principal may result from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing, or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans.
Securities subject to prepayment are less effective than other types of securities as a means of "locking in" attractive long-term interest rates. One reason is the need to reinvest prepayments of principal; another is the possibility of significant unscheduled prepayments resulting from declines in interest rates. These prepayments would have to be reinvested at lower rates. As a result, these securities may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other securities of comparable maturities, although they may have a similar risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Prepayments may also significantly shorten the effective maturities of these securities, especially during periods of declining interest rates. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, a reduction in prepayments may increase the effective maturities of these securities, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and therefore, potentially increasing the volatility of the Fund.
At times, some of the mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses in securities purchased at a premium, as unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, will cause the Fund to experience a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
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Certificates of Deposit and Bankers' Acceptances
Certificates of deposit are receipts issued by a depository institution in exchange for the deposit of funds. The issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the receipt on the date specified on the certificate. The certificate usually can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity.
The Fund may invest in insured bank obligations. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insures the deposits of federally insured banks and savings and loan associations (collectively referred to as "banks") up to $250,000. The Fund may purchase bank obligations that are fully insured as to principal by the FDIC. Currently, to remain fully insured as to principal, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per bank; if the principal amount and accrued interest together exceed $250,000, the excess principal and accrued interest will not be insured. Insured bank obligations may have limited marketability.
Bankers' acceptances typically arise from short-term credit arrangements designed to enable businesses to obtain funds to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then "accepted" by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an earning asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of discount for a specific maturity. Although maturities for acceptances can be as long as 270 days, most acceptances have maturities of six months or less.
Time Deposits and Variable Rate Notes
The Fund may invest in fixed time deposits, whether or not subject to withdrawal penalties. The commercial paper obligations, which the Fund may buy are unsecured and may include variable rate notes. The nature and terms of a variable rate note (i.e., a "Master Note") permit the Fund to invest fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement between the Fund as lender, and the issuer, as borrower. It permits daily changes in the amounts borrowed. The Fund has the right at any time to increase, up to the full amount stated in the note agreement, or to decrease the amount outstanding under the note. The issuer may prepay at any time and without penalty any part of or the full amount of the note. The note may or may not be backed by one or more bank letters of credit. Because these notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and the issuer, it is not generally contemplated that they will be traded; moreover, there is currently no secondary market for them. Except as specifically provided in the Prospectus, there is no limitation on the type of issuer from whom these notes may be purchased; however, in connection with such purchase and on an ongoing basis, the Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuer, and its ability to pay principal and interest on demand, including a situation in which all holders of such notes made demand simultaneously. Variable rate notes are subject to the Fund's investment restriction on illiquid securities unless such notes can be put back to the issuer on demand within seven days.
Commercial Paper
The Fund may purchase commercial paper. Commercial paper consists of short-term (usually from 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations. It may be secured by letters of credit, a surety bond or other forms of collateral. Commercial paper is usually repaid at maturity by the issuer from the proceeds of the issuance of new commercial paper. As a result, investment in commercial paper is subject to the risk the issuer cannot issue enough
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new commercial paper to satisfy its outstanding commercial paper, also known as rollover risk. Commercial paper may become illiquid or may suffer from reduced liquidity in certain circumstances. Like all fixed income securities, commercial paper prices are susceptible to fluctuations in interest rates. If interest rates rise, commercial paper prices will decline. The short-term nature of a commercial paper investment makes it less susceptible to interest rate risk than many other fixed income securities because interest rate risk typically increases as maturity lengths increase. Commercial paper tends to yield smaller returns than longer-term corporate debt because securities with shorter maturities typically have lower effective yields than those with longer maturities. As with all fixed income securities, there is a chance that the issuer will default on its commercial paper obligation.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. In a repurchase agreement, an investor (such as the Fund) purchases a security (known as the "underlying security") from a securities dealer or bank. Any such dealer or bank must be deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. At that time, the bank or securities dealer agrees to repurchase the underlying security at a mutually agreed upon price on a designated future date. The repurchase price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and repurchase prices may be the same, with interest at an agreed upon rate due to the Fund on repurchase. In either case, the income to the Fund generally will be unrelated to the interest rate on the underlying securities. Repurchase agreements must be "fully collateralized," in that the market value of the underlying securities (including accrued interest) must at all times be equal to or greater than the repurchase price. Therefore, a repurchase agreement can be considered a loan collateralized by the underlying securities.
Repurchase agreements are generally for a short period of time, often less than a week, and will generally be used by the Fund to invest excess cash or as part of a temporary defensive strategy. Repurchase agreements that do not provide for payment within seven days will be treated as illiquid securities. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default by the seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses. These losses could result from: (a) possible decline in the value of the underlying security while the Fund is seeking to enforce its rights under the repurchase agreement; (b) possible reduced levels of income or lack of access to income during this period; and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
High Yield Securities
The Fund may invest in high yield securities. High yield, high risk bonds are securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies (BB+ or lower by S&P and Ba1 or lower by Moody's). Other terms used to describe such securities include "lower rated bonds," "non-investment grade bonds," "below investment grade bonds," and "junk bonds." These securities are considered to be high-risk investments. The risks include the following:
Greater Risk of Loss. These securities are regarded as predominately speculative. There is a greater risk that issuers of lower rated securities will default than issuers of higher rated securities. Issuers of lower rated securities generally are less creditworthy and may be highly indebted, financially distressed, or bankrupt. These issuers are more vulnerable to real or perceived economic changes, political changes or adverse industry developments. In addition, high yield securities are frequently subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. If an issuer fails to pay principal or interest, the Fund would experience a decrease in income and a decline in the market value of its investments.
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Sensitivity to Interest Rate and Economic Changes. The income and market value of lower-rated securities may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Although non-investment grade securities tend to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than investment grade securities, non-investment grade securities are more sensitive to short-term corporate, economic and market developments. During periods of economic uncertainty and change, the market price of the investments in lower-rated securities may be volatile. The default rate for high yield bonds tends to be cyclical, with defaults rising in periods of economic downturn.
Valuation Difficulties. It is often more difficult to value lower rated securities than higher rated securities. If an issuer's financial condition deteriorates, accurate financial and business information may be limited or unavailable. In addition, the lower rated investments may be thinly traded and there may be no established secondary market. Because of the lack of market pricing and current information for investments in lower rated securities, valuation of such investments is much more dependent on judgment than is the case with higher rated securities.
Liquidity. There may be no established secondary or public market for investments in lower rated securities. Such securities are frequently traded in markets that may be relatively less liquid than the market for higher rated securities. In addition, relatively few institutional purchasers may hold a major portion of an issue of lower-rated securities at times. As a result, the Fund may be required to sell investments at substantial losses or retain them indefinitely when an issuer's financial condition is deteriorating.
Credit Quality. Credit quality of non-investment grade securities can change suddenly and unexpectedly, and even recently-issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high-yield security.
New Legislation. Future legislation may have a possible negative impact on the market for high yield, high risk bonds. New legislation, if enacted, could have a material negative effect on the Fund's investments in lower rated securities.
High yield. High risk investments may include the following:
Straight fixed-income debt securities. These include bonds and other debt obligations that bear a fixed or variable rate of interest payable at regular intervals and have a fixed or resettable maturity date. The particular terms of such securities vary and may include features such as call provisions and sinking funds.
Zero-coupon debt securities. These bear no interest obligation but are issued at a discount from their value at maturity. When held to maturity, their entire return equals the difference between their issue price and their maturity value.
Zero-fixed-coupon debt securities. These are zero-coupon debt securities that convert on a specified date to interest-bearing debt securities.
Pay-in-kind bonds. These are bonds which allow the issuer, at its option, to make current interest payments on the bonds either in cash or in additional bonds. These are bonds sold without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), usually to a relatively small number of institutional investors.
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Convertible Securities. These are bonds or preferred stock that may be converted to common stock.
Preferred Stock. These are stocks that generally pay a dividend at a specified rate and have preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and in liquidation.
Loan Participations and Assignments. These are participations in, or assignments of all or a portion of loans to corporations or to governments, including governments of less developed countries.
Securities issued in connection with Reorganizations and Corporate Restructurings. In connection with reorganizing or restructuring of an issuer, an issuer may issue common stock or other securities to holders of its debt securities. The Fund may hold such common stock and other securities even if it does not invest in such securities.
Municipal Government Obligations
In general, municipal obligations are debt obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia) and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities. Municipal obligations generally include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes. Certain types of municipal obligations are issued in whole or in part to obtain funding for privately operated facilities or projects. Municipal obligations include general obligation bonds, revenue bonds, industrial development bonds, notes and municipal lease obligations. Municipal obligations also include additional obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax, that may become available in the future as long as the Board determines that an investment in any such type of obligation is consistent with the Fund's investment objectives. Municipal obligations may be fully or partially backed by local government, the credit of a private issuer, current or anticipated revenues from a specific project or specific assets or domestic or foreign entities providing credit support such as letters of credit, guarantees or insurance.
Bonds and Notes. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer's pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of interest and principal. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a project or facility or from the proceeds of a specified revenue source. Industrial development bonds are generally revenue bonds secured by payments from and the credit of private users. Municipal notes are issued to meet the short-term funding requirements of state, regional and local governments. Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, tax and revenue anticipation notes, construction loan notes, short-term discount notes, tax-exempt commercial paper, demand notes and similar instruments.
Municipal Lease Obligations. Municipal lease obligations may take the form of a lease, an installment purchase or a conditional sales contract. They are issued by state and local governments and authorities to acquire land, equipment and facilities, such as vehicles, telecommunications and computer equipment and other capital assets. The Fund may invest in underlying funds that purchase these lease obligations directly, or it may purchase participation interests in such lease obligations (See "Participation Interests" section). States have different requirements for issuing municipal debt and issuing municipal leases. Municipal leases are generally subject to greater risks than general obligation or revenue bonds because they usually contain a "non-appropriation" clause, which provides that the issuer is not obligated to make payments on the obligation in future years unless funds have been appropriated for this purpose each year. Such non-appropriation clauses are required to avoid the municipal lease obligations from being treated as debt for state debt restriction purposes. Accordingly, such obligations are subject to "non-appropriation" risk. Municipal leases may be secured by the
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underlying capital asset and it may be difficult to dispose of any such asset in the event of non-appropriation or other default.
Master Limited Partnerships ("MLPs")
An MLP is an entity that is generally taxed as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and that derives each year at least 90% of its gross income from "Qualifying Income". Qualifying Income for MLPs includes interest, dividends, real estate rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real property, income and gain from commodities or commodity futures, and income and gain from mineral or natural resources activities that generate Qualifying Income. MLP interests (known as units) are traded on securities exchanges or over-the-counter. An MLP's organization as a partnership and compliance with the Qualifying Income rules generally eliminates federal tax at the entity level.
An MLP has one or more general partners (who may be individuals, corporations, or other partnerships) which manage the partnership, and limited partners, which provide capital to the partnership but have no role in its management. Typically, the general partner is owned by company management or another publicly traded sponsoring corporation. When an investor buys units in an MLP, the investor becomes a limited partner.
MLPs are formed in several ways. A nontraded partnership may decide to go public. Several nontraded partnerships may roll up into a single MLP. A corporation may spin-off a group of assets or part of its business into an MLP of which it is the general partner, to realize the assets' full value on the marketplace by selling the assets and using the cash proceeds received from the MLP to address debt obligations or to invest in higher growth opportunities, while retaining control of the MLP. A corporation may fully convert to an MLP, although since 1986 the tax consequences have made this an unappealing option for most corporations. Unlike the ways described above, it is also possible for a newly formed entity to commence operations as an MLP from its inception.
The sponsor or general partner of an MLP, other energy companies, and utilities may sell assets to MLPs in order to generate cash to fund expansion projects or repay debt. The MLP structure essentially transfers cash flows generated from these acquired assets directly to MLP limited partner unitholders.
In the case of an MLP buying assets from its sponsor or general partner the transaction is intended to be based upon comparable terms in the acquisition market for similar assets. To help ensure that appropriate protections are in place, the board of the MLP generally creates an independent committee to review and approve the terms of the transaction. The committee often obtains a fairness opinion and can retain counsel or other experts to assist its evaluation. Since both parties normally have a significant equity stake in the MLP, both parties are aligned to see that the transaction is accretive and fair to the MLP.
As a motivation for the general partner to successfully manage the MLP and increase cash flows, the terms of MLPs typically provide that the general partner receives a larger portion of the net income as distributions reach higher target levels. As cash flow grows, the general partner receives a greater interest in the incremental income compared to the interest of limited partners. Although the percentages vary among MLPs, the general partner's marginal interest in distributions generally increases from 2% to 15% at the first designated distribution target level moving up to 25% and ultimately 50% as pre-established distribution per unit thresholds are met. Nevertheless, the aggregate amount distributed to limited partners will increase as MLP distributions reach higher target levels.
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Given this incentive structure, the general partner has an incentive to streamline operations and undertake acquisitions and growth projects in order to increase distributions to all partners.
Because the MLP itself generally does not pay federal income tax, its income or loss is allocated to its investors, irrespective of whether the investors receive any cash payment or other distributions from the MLP. An MLP typically makes quarterly cash distributions. Although they resemble corporate dividends, MLP distributions are treated differently for tax purposes. The MLP distribution is treated as a return of capital to the extent of the investor's basis in its MLP interest and, to the extent the distribution exceeds the investor's basis in the MLP, generally as capital gain. The investor's original basis is the price paid for the units. The basis is adjusted downwards with each distribution and allocation of deductions (such as depreciation) and losses, and upwards with each allocation of taxable income and gain.
The partner will not incur federal income tax on distributions until: (1) it sells its MLP units and pays tax on the gain, which gain is increased due to the basis decrease due to prior distributions; or (2) its basis reaches zero. When the units are sold, the difference between the sales price and the investor's adjusted basis is gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.
The business of certain MLPs is affected by supply and demand for energy commodities because such MLPs derive revenue and income based upon the volume of the underlying commodity produced, transported, processed, distributed, and/or marketed. Pipeline MLPs have indirect commodity exposure to gas and oil price volatility because although they do not own the underlying energy commodity, the general level of commodity prices may affect the volume of the commodity that the MLP delivers to its customers and the cost of providing services such as distributing natural gas liquids. The costs of natural gas pipeline MLPs to perform services may exceed the negotiated rates under "negotiated rate" contracts. Specifically, processing MLPs may be directly affected by energy commodity prices. Propane MLPs own the underlying energy commodity, and therefore have direct exposure to energy commodity prices, although the Adviser intends to target high quality MLPs that seek to mitigate or manage direct margin exposure to commodity prices. However, the MLP industry in general could be hurt by market perception that an MLP's performance and valuation are directly tied to commodity prices.
Real Estate Investment Trusts ("REITs")
The Fund may invest in the equity securities of REITs focused on the energy industry. A REIT is a corporation or business trust that invests in real estate and derives its income from rents or sales of real property or interest on loans secured by mortgages on real property. The market value of REITs may be affected by numerous factors, including decreases in the value of real estate, vacancies, decreases in lease rates, defaults by lessees, changes in the tax laws or by their inability to qualify for the tax-free pass-through of their income.
Energy Trust Securities.
The Fund may invest in U.S. royalty trusts. U.S. royalty trusts are generally not subject to U.S. federal corporate income taxation at the trust or entity level. Instead, each unitholder of the U.S. royalty trust is required to take into account its share of all items of the U.S. royalty trust's income, gain, loss, deduction and expense. It is possible that the Fund's share of taxable income from a U.S. royalty trust may exceed the cash actually distributed to it from the U.S. royalty trust in a given year. In such a case, the Fund will have less after-tax cash available for distribution to shareholders.
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Exchange-Traded Notes ("ETNs")
The Fund may invest in ETNs, which are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy, minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange (e.g., the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")) during normal trading hours; however, investors also can hold ETNs until they mature. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the day's market benchmark or strategy factor. ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk, including the credit risk of the issuer, and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer's credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN also may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer's credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs, it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. A decision by the Fund to sell ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing, and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN.
ETNs also are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes.
An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid, and thus they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. The market value of ETNs may differ from their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETNs at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy.
United States Government Obligations
These consist of various types of marketable securities issued by the United States Treasury, i.e., bills, notes and bonds. Such securities are direct obligations of the United States government and differ mainly in the length of their maturity. Treasury bills, the most frequently issued marketable government security, have a maturity of up to one year and are issued on a discount basis. The Fund may also invest in Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities ("TIPS"). TIPS are special types of treasury bonds that were created in order to offer bond investors protection from inflation. The values of the TIPS are automatically adjusted to the inflation rate as measured by the Consumer Price Index ("CPI"). If the CPI goes up by half a percent, the value of the bond (the TIPS) would also go up by half a percent. If the CPI falls, the value of the bond does not fall because the government guarantees that the original investment will stay the same. TIPS decline in value when real interest rates rise. However, in certain interest rate environments, such as when real interest rates are rising faster than nominal interest rates, TIPS may experience greater losses than other fixed income securities with similar duration.
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United States Government Agency Obligations
These consist of debt securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the United States government, including the various types of instruments currently outstanding or which may be offered in the future. Agencies include, among others, the Federal Housing Administration, Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Farmer's Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Maritime Administration, and General Services Administration. Instrumentalities include, for example, each of the Federal Home Loan Banks, the National Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), the Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), and the United States Postal Service. These securities are either: (i) backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government (e.g., United States Treasury Bills); (ii) guaranteed by the United States Treasury (e.g., GNMA mortgage-backed securities); (iii) supported by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's right to borrow from the United States Treasury (e.g., FNMA Discount Notes); or (iv) supported only by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's own credit (e.g., Tennessee Valley Association). On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Authority (the "FHFA") announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed into conservatorship, a statutory process designed to stabilize a troubled institution with the objective of returning the entity to normal business operations. The U.S. Treasury Department and the FHFA at the same time established a secured lending facility and a Secured Stock Purchase Agreement with both FNMA and FHLMC to ensure that each entity had the ability to fulfill its financial obligations. The FHFA announced that it does not anticipate any disruption in pattern of payments or ongoing business operations of FNMA and FHLMC.
Government-related guarantors (i.e., not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government) include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government.
FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues participation certificates ("PCs"), which represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC's national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such nongovernmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers.
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Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies ("Underlying Funds"). The Fund intends to limit its investments in accordance with applicable law or as permitted by Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act. Among other things, such law limits these investments so that, as determined immediately after a securities purchase is made by the Fund: (a) not more than 5% of the value of its total assets will be invested in the securities of any one investment company; (b) not more than 10% of the value of its total assets will be invested in the aggregate in securities of investment companies as a group; (c) not more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one investment company will be owned by the Fund ; and (d) not more than 10% of the outstanding voting stock of any one closed-end investment company will be owned by the Fund together with all other investment companies that have the same advisor. Under certain sets of conditions, different sets of restrictions may be applicable. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its proportionate share of that investment company's expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. Investment companies in which the Fund may invest may also impose a sales or distribution charge in connection with the purchase or redemption of their shares and other types of commissions or charges. Such charges will be payable by the Fund and, therefore, will be borne directly by the Fund's shareholders.
To the extent applicable, the Fund intends to rely on Section 12(d)(1)(F) and Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act, which in conjunction with one another allow registered investment companies (such as the Fund) to exceed the limitations described above, provided the aggregate sales loads any investor pays (i.e., the combined distribution expenses of both the acquiring fund and the acquired funds) do not exceed the limits on sales loads established by Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") for funds of funds, and the registered investment company "mirror votes" any securities purchased pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F).
Closed-End Investment Companies
The Fund may invest its assets in "closed-end" investment companies (or "closed-end funds"), subject to the investment restrictions set forth above. Shares of closed-end funds are typically offered to the public in a one-time initial public offering by a group of underwriters who retain a spread or underwriting commission of between 4% or 6% of the initial public offering price. Such securities are then listed for trading on the NYSE, the NYSE American, the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (commonly known as "NASDAQ") and, in some cases, may be traded in other over-the-counter markets. Because the shares of closed-end funds cannot be redeemed upon demand to the issuer like the shares of an open-end investment company (such as the Fund), investors seek to buy and sell shares of closed-end funds in the secondary market.
The Fund generally purchases shares of closed-end funds only in the secondary market. The Fund incurs normal brokerage costs on such purchases similar to the expenses the Fund would incur for the purchase of securities of any other type of issuer in the secondary market. The Fund may, however, also purchase securities of a closed-end fund in an initial public offering when, in the opinion of the Adviser, based on a consideration of the nature of the closed-end fund's proposed investments, the prevailing market conditions and the level of demand for such securities, they represent an attractive opportunity for growth of capital. The initial offering price typically will include a dealer spread, which may be higher than the applicable brokerage cost if the Fund purchased such securities in the secondary market.
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The shares of many closed-end funds, after their initial public offering, frequently trade at a price per share, which is less than the net asset value ("NAV") per share, the difference representing the "market discount" of such shares. This market discount may be due in part to the investment objective of long-term appreciation, which is sought by many closed-end funds, as well as to the fact that the shares of closed-end funds are not redeemable by the holder upon demand to the issuer at the next determined NAV but rather are subject to the principles of supply and demand in the secondary market. A relative lack of secondary market purchasers of closed-end fund shares also may contribute to such shares trading at a discount to their NAV.
The Fund may invest in shares of closed-end funds that are trading at a discount to NAV or at a premium to NAV. There can be no assurance that the market discount on shares of any closed-end fund purchased by the Fund will ever decrease. In fact, it is possible that this market discount may increase and the Fund may suffer realized or unrealized capital losses due to further decline in the market price of the securities of such closed-end funds, thereby adversely affecting the NAV of the Fund's shares. Similarly, there can be no assurance that any shares of a closed-end fund purchased by the Fund at a premium will continue to trade at a premium or that the premium will not decrease subsequent to a purchase of such shares by the Fund.
Closed-end funds may issue senior securities (including preferred stock and debt obligations) for the purpose of leveraging the closed-end fund's common shares in an attempt to enhance the current return to such closed-end fund's common shareholders. The Fund's investment in the common shares of closed-end funds that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on its investment, but at the same time may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and NAV than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure.
Open-end Investment Companies
Under certain circumstances, an underlying fund may determine to make payment of a redemption by the Fund wholly or partly by a distribution in kind of securities from its portfolio, in lieu of cash, in conformity with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In such cases, the Fund may hold securities distributed by an underlying fund until the Adviser determines that it is appropriate to dispose of such securities.
Investment decisions by the investment advisers of the underlying fund(s) are made independently of the Fund and the Adviser. Therefore, the investment adviser of one underlying fund may be purchasing shares of the same issuer whose shares are being sold by the investment adviser of another such fund. The result would be an indirect expense to the Fund without accomplishing any investment purpose.
Exchange Traded Funds
The Fund may invest in ETFs. An ETF is a type of open-end fund, however, unlike a mutual fund, its shares are bought and sold on a securities exchange at market price and only certain financial institutions called authorized participants may buy and redeem shares of the ETF at NAV. ETF shares can trade at either a premium or discount to NAV. Each ETF like a mutual fund is subject to specific risks depending on the type of strategy (actively managed or passively tracking an index) and the composition of its underlying holdings. Investing in an ETF involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the ETF's underlying holdings. ETFs pay fees and incur operating expenses, which reduce the total return earned by the ETFs from their underlying holdings. An ETF may not achieve its investment objective or execute its investment strategy effectively, which may adversely affect the Fund's performance.
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Foreign Securities
The Fund may invest in foreign securities and ETFs and other investment companies that hold a portfolio of foreign securities. Investing in securities of foreign companies and countries involves certain considerations and risks that are not typically associated with investing in U.S. government securities and securities of domestic companies. There may be less publicly available information about a foreign issuer than a domestic one, and foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. There may also be less government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers and listed companies than exists in the United States. Interest and dividends paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes, which may decrease the net return on such investments as compared to dividends and interest paid to the Fund by domestic companies or the U.S. government. There may be the possibility of expropriations, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, confiscatory taxation, political, economic or social instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets of the Fund held in foreign countries. Finally, the establishment of exchange controls or other foreign governmental laws or restrictions could adversely affect the payment of obligations.
To the extent the Fund's currency exchange transactions do not fully protect the Fund against adverse changes in currency exchange rates, decreases in the value of currencies of the foreign countries in which the Fund will invest relative to the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding decrease in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets denominated in those currencies (and possibly a corresponding increase in the amount of securities required to be liquidated to meet distribution requirements). Conversely, increases in the value of currencies of the foreign countries in which the Fund invests relative to the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding increase in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets (and possibly a corresponding decrease in the amount of securities to be liquidated).
When-Issued, Forward Commitments and Delayed Settlements
The Fund may purchase and sell securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis. In this event, the Custodian will segregate liquid assets equal to the amount of the commitment in a separate account. Normally, the Custodian will set aside portfolio securities to satisfy a purchase commitment. In such a case, the Fund may be required subsequently to segregate additional assets in order to assure that the value of the account remains equal to the amount of the Fund's commitment. It may be expected that the Fund's net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree when it sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than when it sets aside cash.
The Fund does not intend to engage in these transactions for speculative purposes but only in furtherance of its investment objectives. Because the Fund will segregate liquid assets to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund's liquidity and the ability of the Adviser to manage them may be affected in the event the Fund's forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets.
The Fund purchases securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis only with the intention of completing the transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases, the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss. When the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment and delayed settlement transactions, it relies
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on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price credited to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase, forward commitment to purchase securities, or a delayed settlement and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value is taken into account when determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until it has paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
Illiquid and Restricted Investments
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments. Illiquid investments include securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale (e.g., because they have not been registered under the Securities Act) and securities that are otherwise not readily marketable (e.g., because trading in the security is suspended or because market makers do not exist or will not entertain bids or offers). Securities that have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Foreign securities that are freely tradable in their principal markets are not considered to be illiquid.
Restricted securities and other illiquid investments may be subject to the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. The Fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid investments promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty in satisfying redemption requests from shareholders. The Fund might have to register restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.
A large institutional market exists for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act, including foreign securities. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments. Rule 144A under the Securities Act allows such a broader institutional trading market for securities otherwise subject to restrictions on resale to the general public. Rule 144A establishes a "safe harbor" from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resale of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A has produced enhanced liquidity for many restricted securities, and market liquidity for such securities may continue to expand as a result of this regulation and the consequent existence of the PORTAL system, which is an automated system for the trading, clearance and settlement of unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers sponsored by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").
Under guidelines adopted by the Board, the Adviser may determine that particular Rule 144A securities, and commercial paper issued in reliance on the private placement exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, are liquid even though they are not registered. A determination of whether such a security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Adviser considers, as it deems appropriate under the circumstances and among other factors: (1) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security; (3) the number of other potential purchasers of the security; (4) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; (5) the nature of the security (e.g., debt or equity, date of maturity, terms of dividend or interest payments, and other material terms) and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer); and (6) the rating of the security and the financial condition and prospects of the issuer. In the case of commercial paper, the Adviser also determines that the paper (1) is not
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traded flat or in default as to principal and interest, and (2) is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations ("NRSROs") or, if only one NRSRO rates the security, by that NRSRO, or, if the security is unrated, the Adviser determines that it is of equivalent quality.
Rule 144A securities and Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper that have been deemed liquid as described above will continue to be monitored by the Adviser to determine if the security is no longer liquid as the result of changed conditions. Investing in Rule 144A securities or Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper could have the effect of increasing the amount of the Fund's assets invested in illiquid investments if institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.
Lending Portfolio Securities
For the purpose of achieving income, the Fund may lend its portfolio securities, provided (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. government securities or cash or cash equivalents (cash, U.S. government securities, negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances or letters of credit) maintained on a daily mark-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned, (2) the Fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of securities loaned, (3) the Fund will receive any interest or dividends received on the loaned securities, and (4) the aggregate value of the securities loaned will not at any time exceed one-third of the total assets of the Fund.
Short Sales
Short Sales (excluding Short Sales "Against the Box"). The Fund may sell securities short. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells securities it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market price of the securities.
To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund must arrange through a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Funds become obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price at the time of replacement, whatever that price may be. The Fund will make a profit or incur a loss as a result of a short sale depending on whether the price of the securities decreases or increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund purchase the security to replace the borrowed securities that have been sold. The amount of any loss would be increased (and any gain decreased) by any premium or interest the Fund is required to pay in connection with a short sale.
The Fund's obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by cash or liquid securities deposited as collateral with the broker.
Short Sales "Against The Box." The Fund may engage in short sales "against the box." In a short sale, the Fund sells a borrowed security and has a corresponding obligation to the lender to return the identical security. The seller does not immediately deliver the securities sold and is said to have a short position in those securities until delivery occurs. The Fund may engage in a short sale if at the time of the short sale the Fund own or has the right to obtain without additional cost an equal amount of the security being sold short. This investment technique is known as a short sale "against the box." It may be entered into by the Fund to, for example, lock in a sale price for a security the Fund does not wish to sell immediately.
The Fund may make a short sale as a hedge, when it believes that the price of a security may decline, causing a decline in the value of a security owned by the Fund (or a security convertible or
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exchangeable for such security). In such case, any future losses in the Fund's long position should be offset by a gain in the short position and, conversely, any gain in the long position should be reduced by a loss in the short position. The extent to which such gains or losses are reduced will depend upon the amount of the security sold short relative to the amount the Fund own. There will be certain additional transaction costs associated with short sales "against the box," but the Fund will endeavor to offset these costs with the income from the investment of the cash proceeds of short sales.
If the Fund effects a short sale of securities at a time when it has an unrealized gain on the securities, it may be required to recognize that gain as if it had actually sold the securities (as a "constructive sale") on the date it effects the short sale. However, such constructive sale treatment may not apply if the Fund closes out the short sale with securities other than the appreciated securities held at the time of the short sale and if certain other conditions are satisfied. Uncertainty regarding the tax consequences of effecting short sales may limit the extent to which the Fund may effect short sales.
Regulation as a Commodity Pool Operator
The Adviser, on behalf of the Fund, has filed with the National Futures Association, a notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended and the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission promulgated thereunder, with respect to the Fund's operations. Accordingly, the Fund is not currently subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund may engage in a high level of trading in seeking to achieve its investment objectives. The portfolio turnover rate for the Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of the purchases or sales of portfolio investments for the reporting period by the monthly average value of the portfolio investments owned during the reporting period. A 100% portfolio turnover rate results, for example, if the equivalents of all the securities in the Fund's portfolio are replaced in a one-year period. The calculation excludes all securities whose maturities or expiration dates at the time of acquisition are one year or less. Portfolio turnover may vary greatly from year to year as well as within a particular year, and may be affected by cash requirements for redemption or shares. The Fund is not restricted by policy with regard to portfolio turnover and will make changes in its investment portfolio from time to time as business and economic conditions as well as market prices may dictate. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2025 were 28% and 17%, respectively, of the average value of its portfolio.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Fund has adopted the following investment restrictions that may not be changed without approval by a "majority of the outstanding shares" of the Fund which, as used in this SAI, means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund represented at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Fund may not:
| 1. | Issue senior securities. This limitation is not applicable to activities that may be deemed to involve the issuance or sale of a senior security by the Fund, provided that the Fund's engagement in such activities is consistent with or permitted by the 1940 Act, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or interpretations of the SEC or its staff; |
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| 2. | Borrow money, except (a) from a bank, provided that immediately after such borrowing there is an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings of the Fund; or (b) from a bank or other persons for temporary purposes only, provided that such temporary borrowings are in an amount not exceeding 5% of the Fund's total assets at the time when the borrowing is made. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from entering into reverse repurchase transactions, provided that the Fund has an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings and repurchase commitments of the Fund pursuant to reverse repurchase transactions; |
| 3. | Purchase securities on margin, participate on a joint or joint and several basis in any securities trading account, or underwrite securities. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from obtaining such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of its portfolio securities, and except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act, by virtue of disposing of portfolio securities; |
| 4. | Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in marketable securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts); |
| 5. | Invest 25% or more of the market value of its assets in the securities of companies engaged in any one industry or group of industries. This limitation does not apply to investment in the securities of the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; |
| 6. | Purchase or sell commodities (unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments or through commodity forward contracts, futures contracts or options), except that the Fund may purchase and sell forward and futures contracts and options to the full extent permitted under the 1940 Act, sell foreign currency contracts in accordance with any rules of the CFTC, invest in securities or other instruments backed by commodities, and invest in companies that are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities; or |
| 7. | Make loans to others, except (a) where each loan is represented by a note executed by the borrower, (b) through the purchase of debt securities in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (c) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement, in a manner consistent with the Fund's investment policies or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act, is deemed to be a loan, and (d) by loaning portfolio securities. |
With respect to fundamental investment limitation 2 above, if the Fund's asset coverage falls below 300%, the Fund will reduce borrowing within 3 days in order to ensure that the Fund has 300% asset coverage.
The Fund observes the following policies, which are not deemed fundamental and which may be changed without shareholder vote. The Fund may not:
| 1. | Invest in any issuer for purposes of exercising control or management; |
| 2. | Invest in securities of other investment companies except as permitted under the 1940 Act; |
| 3. | Invest, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets, measured at time of purchase, in securities with legal or contractual restrictions on resale, securities, which are not readily marketable and repurchase agreements with more than seven days to maturity; or |
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| 4. | Mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any assets of the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings described in limitation (2) above. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation. |
If a restriction on the Fund's investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of Fund assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the Fund's investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Fund's total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.
With respect to the fundamental investment restriction regarding concentration, the Fund will consider the concentration of any underlying funds in which it invests when determining whether the Fund has complied with its concentration policy.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Adviser. Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC, 1301 East 9th Street, Suite 2900, Cleveland, OH 44114, serves as investment adviser to the Fund. Subject to the oversight of the Board of Trustees, the Adviser is responsible for management of the Fund's investment portfolio. The Adviser is responsible for selecting the Fund's investments according to the Fund's investment objective, policies and restrictions. The Adviser was established in 1928 for the purpose of managing institutional clients. As of June 30, 2025, the Adviser had approximately $18.8 billion in assets under management.
Pursuant to the advisory agreement between the Fund and the Adviser (the "Advisory Agreement"), is entitled to receive, on a monthly basis, an annual advisory fee equal to 0.40% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The Advisory Agreement shall continue from year to year provided such continuance is approved at least annually by (a) a vote of the majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and by (b) the majority vote of either all of the Board or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated without penalty with 60 days' written notice by a vote of a majority of the Board, by the Adviser, or by holders of a majority of that Trust's outstanding shares. The Advisory Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. The Advisory Agreement was last approved by the Board at a meeting held on August 21-22, 2024.
The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until November 1, 2026, to the extent necessary to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (excluding (i) any front end or contingent deferred loads; (ii) brokerage fees and commissions, (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); (v) taxes; and (vi) extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees, and contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser))) will not exceed 0.60% and 0.41% of average daily net assets attributable to Class I and Class I2, respectively. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed, if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits or within the expense limits in place at the time of recoupment, whichever is
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lower. These agreements may be terminated only by the Board on 60 days' written notice to the Adviser. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease the Fund's expenses and boost its performance.
The table below provides information about the advisory fees paid to the Adviser by the Fund for the fiscal years shown below:
| Fiscal Year | Management Fee | Fees Earned by the Adviser | Advisory Fees Waived | Net Fees Earned by the Adviser | Expenses Reimbursed | Amount Subject to Recoupment |
| June 30, 2023 | 0.40% | $1,476,546 | $597,100 | $879,446 | $0 | $597,100 |
| June 30, 2024 | 0.40% | $1,522,255 | $593,794 | $928,461 | $0 | $593,794 |
| June 30, 2025 | 0.40% | $1,979,929 | $811,747 | $1,168,182 | $0 | $811,747 |
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Portfolio Managers. As described in the Prospectus, the portfolio managers listed below are responsible for the management of the Fund and, as of June 30, 2025, the other accounts set forth in the following tables.
| Other Registered Investment Companies | Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | Other Accounts | ||||||||||
| Portfolio Manager | Number |
Total Assets |
Number | Total Assets | Number |
Total Assets |
||||||
| Brian A. Convery | None | $0 | 2 | $3,218,488,743 | 0 | $0 | ||||||
| David M. Dirk | 3 | $502,665,630 | None | $0 | 163 | $1,219,473,256 | ||||||
| S. Brad Fush | None | $0 | None | $0 | 2 | $947,688 | ||||||
| Brian L. Gevry | None | $0 | 4 | $6,663,684,885 | 0 | $0.00 | ||||||
| Michael Krushena | None | $0 | 1 | $58,009,020 | 23 | $295,246,293 | ||||||
| Mike Vandenbossche | None | $0 | None | $0 | 4 | $327,514 | ||||||
None of the accounts described above are charged performance-based fess.
Conflicts of Interest.
As indicated in the table above, the portfolio managers may manage numerous accounts for multiple clients. These accounts may include registered investment companies, other types of pooled accounts (e.g., collective investment funds), and separate accounts (i.e., accounts managed on behalf of individuals or public or private institutions). The portfolio managers make investment decisions for each account based on the investment objectives and policies and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that portfolio.
When a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise. Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over
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others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Adviser may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Fund. In this instance, a portfolio manager may have an incentive to favor the higher account over such Fund. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential material conflicts. For instance, the portfolio managers are normally responsible for all accounts within a certain investment discipline, and do not, absent special circumstances, differentiate among the various accounts when allocating resources. Additionally, the Adviser utilizes a system for allocating investment opportunities among portfolios that is designed to provide a fair and equitable allocation.
Compensation.
Each portfolio manager's compensation includes a salary component as well as a performance-incentive component. For these portfolio managers, incentive compensation typically ranges from 0% to 30%. The performance-incentive is based on the profitability of the firm, excess return targets versus the respective benchmark and peer group rankings. The bonus plan is structured to reward the investment team for outperforming a given benchmark and comparing favorably to a group of peers over one and three-year periods. The individual's overall contribution to the team is also considered. A 401(k) plan is offered to employees, and the firm provides a fully vested matching contribution to employees 401(k) plans.
Ownership of Securities.
As of June 30, 2025, the portfolio managers beneficially owned the following amounts in the Fund:
| Portfolio Manager | Dollar Range of Shares Beneficially Owned in the Fund |
| Brian A. Convery | None |
| David M. Dirk | None |
| S. Brad Fush | None |
| Brian L. Gevry | $1-$10,000 |
| Michael Krushena | Over $1,000,000 |
| Mike Vandenbossche | $50,001-$100,000 |
ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Specific decisions to purchase or sell securities for the Fund are made by the portfolio managers who are employees of the Adviser. The Adviser is also responsible for the implementation of those decisions, including the selection of broker-dealers to effect portfolio transactions, the negotiation of commissions, and the allocation of principal business and portfolio brokerage.
In purchasing and selling the Fund's portfolio securities, it is the Adviser's policy to obtain quality execution at the most favorable prices through responsible broker-dealers and, in the case of agency transactions, at competitive commission rates where such rates are negotiable. However, under certain conditions, the Fund may pay higher brokerage commissions in return for brokerage and research services. In selecting broker-dealers to execute the Fund's portfolio transactions, consideration is given to such factors as the price of the security, the rate of the commission, the size and difficulty of the order, the reliability, integrity, financial condition, general execution and operational capabilities of competing brokers and dealers, their expertise in particular markets and the brokerage and research services they provide to the Adviser or the Fund. It is not the policy of the Adviser to seek the lowest
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available commission rate where it is believed that a broker or dealer charging a higher commission rate would offer greater reliability or provide better price or execution.
Transactions on stock exchanges involve the payment of brokerage commissions. In transactions on stock exchanges in the United States, these commissions are negotiated. Traditionally, commission rates have generally not been negotiated on stock markets outside the United States. In recent years, however, an increasing number of overseas stock markets have adopted a system of negotiated rates, although a number of markets continue to be subject to an established schedule of minimum commission rates. It is expected that equity securities will ordinarily be purchased in the primary markets, whether over-the-counter or listed, and that listed securities may be purchased in the over-the-counter market if such market is deemed the primary market. In the case of securities traded on the over-the-counter markets, there is generally no stated commission, but the price usually includes an undisclosed commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount.
For fixed income securities, it is expected that purchases and sales will ordinarily be transacted with the issuer, the issuer's underwriter, or with a primary market maker acting as principal on a net basis, with no brokerage commission being paid by the Fund. However, the price of the securities generally includes compensation, which is not disclosed separately. Transactions placed through dealers who are serving as primary market makers reflect the spread between the bid and asked prices.
With respect to equity and fixed income securities, the Adviser may effect principal transactions on behalf of the Fund with a broker or dealer who furnishes brokerage and/or research services, designate any such broker or dealer to receive selling concessions, discounts or other allowances or otherwise deal with any such broker or dealer in connection with the acquisition of securities in underwritings. The prices the Fund pays to underwriters of newly-issued securities usually include a concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter. The Adviser may receive research services in connection with brokerage transactions, including designations in fixed price offerings.
The Adviser receives a wide range of research services from brokers and dealers covering investment opportunities throughout the world, including information on the economies, industries, groups of securities, individual companies, statistics, political developments, technical market action, pricing and appraisal services, and performance analyses of all the countries in which the Fund's portfolio is likely to be invested. The Adviser cannot readily determine the extent to which commissions charged by brokers reflect the value of their research services, but brokers occasionally suggest a level of business they would like to receive in return for the brokerage and research services they provide. To the extent that research services of value are provided by brokers, the Adviser may be relieved of expenses, which it might otherwise bear. In some cases, research services are generated by third parties but are provided to the Adviser by or through brokers.
Certain broker-dealers, which provide quality execution services, also furnish research services to the Adviser. The Adviser has adopted brokerage allocation policies embodying the concepts of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which permits an investment adviser to cause its clients to pay a broker which furnishes brokerage or research services a higher commission than that which might be charged by another broker which does not furnish brokerage or research services, or which furnishes brokerage or research services deemed to be of lesser value, if such commission is deemed reasonable in relation to the brokerage and research services provided by the broker, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or the overall responsibilities of the adviser with respect to the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion. Accordingly, the Adviser may assess the reasonableness of commissions in light of the total brokerage and research services provided by each particular broker.
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Portfolio securities will not be purchased from or sold to the Adviser, or the distributor, or any affiliated person of any of them acting as principal, except to the extent permitted by rule or order of the SEC.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Fund paid $839 in brokerage commissions. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, the Fund paid $339 in brokerage commissions. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Fund paid $0 in brokerage commissions. Brokerage commissions were significantly higher in the prior year due to a significant investment in a single ETF.
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that govern the disclosure of the Fund's portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of Fund shareholders.
It is the Trust's policy to: (1) ensure that any disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interest of Trust shareholders; (2) protect the confidentiality of portfolio holdings information; (3) have procedures in place to guard against personal trading based on the information; and (4) ensure that the disclosure of portfolio holdings information does not create conflicts between the interests of the Trust's shareholders and those of the Trust's affiliates.
The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings reports on Form N-CSR two months after the end of each semi-annual period and on and Form N-PORT two months after the end of each calendar quarter.
The Fund's Form N-CSR and Form N-PORT are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov
Approximately thirty days after the end of each quarter, the Adviser posts on the Fund's website a profile of the Fund which typically includes the Fund's top ten holdings. The Fund may choose to make available, no sooner than thirty days after the end of each month, a complete schedule of its portfolio holdings as of the last day of the month. The Fund may choose to make portfolio holdings information available to rating agencies such as Lipper, Morningstar or Bloomberg earlier and more frequently on a confidential basis.
Under limited circumstances, as described below, the Fund's portfolio holdings may be disclosed to, or known by, certain third parties in advance of their filing with the SEC on Form N-CSR or Form N-PORT. In each case, a determination has been made by the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer that such advance disclosure is supported by a legitimate business purpose of the Fund and that the recipient is subject to a duty to keep the information confidential, including a duty not to trade on material non-public information.
Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC. Personnel of the Adviser, including personnel responsible for managing the Fund's portfolio, may have full daily access to Fund portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide management, administrative, and investment services to the Fund. As required for purposes of analyzing the impact of existing and future market changes on the prices, availability, demand and liquidity of such securities, as well as for the assistance of portfolio manager in the trading of such securities, Adviser personnel may also release and discuss certain portfolio holdings with various broker-dealers.
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Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC. Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC is the transfer agent, fund accountant, administrator and custody administrator for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
U.S. Bank, N.A. U.S. Bank, N.A. is custodian for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
Cohen & Company, Ltd. Cohen & Company, Ltd. is the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with auditing of the Fund's annual financial statements.
Counsel to the Trust and Counsel to the Independent Trustees. Counsel to the Trust, Counsel to the Independent Trustees and their respective personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with the review of the Fund's annual and semi-annual financial statements and SEC filings.
Derivatives Risk Consultant. The Trust has engaged a derivatives risk consultant ("Consultant") to consult with the Board and the Adviser regarding the effectiveness of derivatives risk management. The Consultant therefore may have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in order to provide such services to the Trust.
Additions to List of Approved Recipients
The Trust's Chief Compliance Officer is the person responsible, and whose prior approval is required, for any disclosure of the Fund's portfolio securities at any time or to any persons other than those described above. In such cases, the recipient must have a legitimate business need for the information in connection with the operation or administration of the Fund, as determined by the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer, and must be subject to a duty to keep the information confidential and not to trade on any material non-public information. There are no ongoing arrangements in place with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings. In no event shall the Fund, the Adviser, or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Fund's portfolio holdings.
Compliance With Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Procedures
The Trust's Chief Compliance Officer reports periodically to the Board with respect to compliance with the Fund's portfolio holdings disclosure procedures, and from time to time provides the Board any updates to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.
There is no assurance that the Trust's policies on disclosure of portfolio holdings will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Fund Administration, Fund Accounting and Transfer Agent Services
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC ("UFS"), which has its principal office at 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, OH 45246, serves as administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent for the Fund
| 25 |
pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the "Agreement") with the Trust and subject to the supervision of the Board. UFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. UFS is an affiliate of the distributor. UFS may also provide persons to serve as officers of the Fund. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of UFS or its affiliates.
The Agreement became effective on August 26, 2021, remained in effect for two years from the effective date, and will continue thereafter in effect for successive twelve-month periods provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board. The Agreement is terminable by the Board or UFS on 90 days' written notice and may be assigned by either party, provided that the Trust may not assign this agreement without the prior written consent of UFS. The Agreement provides that UFS shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to the Agreement.
Under the Agreement, UFS performs administrative services, including: (1) monitoring the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Trust by others service providers; (2) monitoring Fund holdings and operations for post-trade compliance with the Fund's registration statement and applicable laws and rules; (3) preparing and coordinating the printing of semi-annual and annual financial statements and tailored shareholder reports; (4) preparing selected management reports for performance and compliance analyses; (5) preparing and disseminating materials for and attend and participating in meetings of the Board; (6) determining income and capital gains available for distribution and calculating distributions required to meet regulatory, income, and excise tax requirements; (7) reviewing the Trust's federal, state, and local tax returns as prepared and signed by the Trust's independent public accountants; (8) preparing and maintaining the Trust's operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to the Fund to calculate its daily NAV; (9) assisting in and monitoring the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination to shareholders of amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement on Form N-1A, periodic reports to the Trustees, shareholders and the SEC, notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2, proxy materials and reports to the SEC on Forms N-CEN, N-CSR, N-PORT and N-PX; (10) coordinating the Trust's audits and examinations by assisting the Fund's independent public accountants; (11) determining, in consultation with others, the jurisdictions in which shares of the Trust shall be registered or qualified for sale and facilitate such registration or qualification; (12) monitoring sales of shares and ensuring that the shares are properly and duly registered with the SEC; (13) monitoring the calculation of performance data for the Fund; (14) preparing, or causing to be prepared, expense and financial reports; (15) preparing authorization for the payment of Trust expenses and paying, from Trust assets, all bills of the Trust; (16) providing information typically supplied in the Investment Company industry to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies; (17) upon request, assisting the Fund in the evaluation and selection of other service providers, such as independent public accountants, printers, EDGAR providers and proxy solicitors (such parties may be affiliates of UFS); and (18) performing other services, recordkeeping and assistance relating to the affairs of the Trust as the Trust may, from time to time, reasonably request.
UFS also provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of NAV; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintenance of certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciliation of account information and balances among the Fund's custodian and Adviser; and (vii) monitoring and evaluation of daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
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UFS also acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to the Agreement. Under the Agreement, UFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
As of January 1, 2020, for the administrative services rendered to the Fund, the Fund pays UFS greater of an annual minimum fee or an asset based fee, which scales downward based upon net assets. The Fund also pays UFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Fund incurred administrative services and transfer agency fees of $367,300 and $91,562, respectively. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, the Fund incurred administrative services and transfer agency fees of $381,675 and $77,722, respectively. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Fund incurred administrative services and transfer agency fees of $490,441 and $56,884, respectively.
Custodian
U.S. Bank, N.A. (the "Custodian"), located at 1555 N. River Center Drive, Milwaukee, WI 53212, serves as the custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a custody agreement (the "Custody Agreement") by and between the Custodian and the Trust on behalf of the Fund. The Custodian's responsibilities include safeguarding and controlling the Fund's cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund's investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the Custodian also maintains original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Adviser. The Fund may employ foreign sub-custodians that are approved by the Board to hold foreign assets.
Compliance Services
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC ("NLCS"), located at 4221 North 203rd Street, Suite 100, Elkhorn, NE 68022, an affiliate of UFS and the distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust. NLCS's compliance services consist primarily of reviewing and assessing the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers pertaining to compliance with applicable federal securities laws, including Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act. For the compliance services rendered to the Fund, the Fund pays NLCS a one-time fee plus an annual asset based fee, which scales downward based upon net assets. The Fund also pays NLCS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Fund incurred fees of $30,820, for compliance services. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, the Fund incurred fees of $31,062, for compliance services. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Fund incurred fees of $33,712, for compliance services.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has selected Cohen & Company, Ltd., located at 1835 Market Street, Suite 310, Philadelphia, PA 19103, as its independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year. The firm provides services including the audit of annual financial statements. Cohen & Company Advisory, LLC, an affiliate of Cohen & Company, Ltd., provides tax services as requested.
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LEGAL COUNSEL
Thompson Hine LLP, located at 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, OH 43215 serves as the Trust's legal counsel.
DISTRIBUTOR
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, located at 4221 203rd Street, Suite 100, Elkhorn, NE 68022 (the "Distributor") serves as the principal underwriter and national distributor for the shares of the Fund pursuant to an underwriting agreement with the Trust (the "Underwriting Agreement"). The Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each state's securities laws and is a member of FINRA. The offering of the Fund's shares is continuous. The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Distributor, as agent in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, will use reasonable efforts to facilitate the sale of the Fund's shares.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that, unless sooner terminated, it continued in effect for two years initially and shall continue from year to year, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares, and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or of the Distributor by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the entire Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund on 60 days' written notice to the Distributor, or by the Distributor at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on 60 days' written notice to the Fund. The Underwriting Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES
Each share of beneficial interest of the Trust has one vote in the election of Trustees. Cumulative voting is not authorized for the Trust. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees if they choose to do so, and, in that event, the holders of the remaining shares will be unable to elect any Trustees.
Shareholders of the Trust and any other future series of the Trust will vote in the aggregate and not by series except as otherwise required by law or when the Board determines that the matter to be voted upon affects only the interest of the shareholders of a particular series or classes. Matters such as election of Trustees are not subject to separate voting requirements and may be acted upon by shareholders of the Trust voting without regard to series.
The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. Each share has equal dividend, distribution and liquidation rights. There are no conversion or preemptive rights applicable to any shares of the Fund. All shares issued are fully paid and non-assessable.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor have each adopted codes of ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that governs the personal securities transactions of their board members, officers and employees who may have access to current trading information of the Trust. Under the code of
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ethics adopted by the Trust, the Trustees are permitted to invest in securities that may also be purchased by the Fund.
In addition, the Trust has adopted a code of ethics, which applies only to the Trust's executive officers (the "Code") to ensure that these officers promote professional conduct in the practice of corporate governance and management. The purpose behind these guidelines is to promote (i) honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; (ii) full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Fund; (iii) compliance with applicable governmental laws, rule and regulations; (iv) the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and (v) accountability for adherence to the Code.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures ("Policies") on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies to the Adviser or its designee, subject to the Board continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Adviser or its designee vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Fund and shareholders. The Policies also require the Adviser or its designee to present to the Board, at least annually, the Adviser's Proxy Policies, or the proxy policies of the Adviser's designee, and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser or its designee on behalf of the Fund, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser as involving a conflict of interest.
Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict between the Adviser's interests and the Fund's interests, the Adviser will resolve the conflict by voting in accordance with the policy guidelines or at the client's directive using the recommendation of an independent third party. If the third party's recommendations are not received in a timely fashion, the Adviser will abstain from voting the securities held by that client's account. A copy of the Adviser's proxy voting policies is attached hereto as Appendix B.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge, upon request, by calling toll free, 1-877-345-9597 and by accessing the information on proxy voting filed by the Fund on Form N-PX on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the Fund's proxy voting policies and procedures are also available by calling 1-877-345-9597 and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF FUND SHARES
Calculation of Share Price
As indicated in the Prospectus under the heading "How to Purchase Shares," the NAV of the Fund's shares, by class, is determined by dividing the total value of the Fund's portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of the Fund, by class.
Generally, the Fund's domestic securities (including underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign (non-U.S.) exchanges) are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a
| 29 |
sale on the primary exchange, at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on such exchange. Securities primarily traded in the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the Board and as further described below. Securities that are not traded or dealt in any securities exchange (whether domestic or foreign) and for which over-the-counter market quotations are readily available generally shall be valued at the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, at the mean between the current bid and ask price on such over-the-counter market.
Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Debt securities not traded on an exchange may be valued at prices supplied by a pricing agent(s) based on broker or dealer supplied valuations or matrix pricing, a method of valuing securities by reference to the value of other securities with similar characteristics, such as rating, interest rate and maturity. Short-term debt obligations having 60 days or less remaining until maturity, at the time of purchase, may be valued at amortized cost.
Under certain circumstances, the Fund may use an independent pricing service to calculate the fair market value of foreign equity securities on a daily basis by applying valuation factors to the last sale price or the mean price as noted above. The fair market values supplied by the independent pricing service will generally reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or the value of other instruments that have a strong correlation to the fair-valued securities. The independent pricing service will also take into account the current relevant currency exchange rate. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities may trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by the Fund can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed or purchased. In the event that a foreign security's market quotations are not readily available or are deemed unreliable (for reasons other than because the foreign exchange on which it trades closed before the Fund's calculation of NAV), the security will be valued at its fair market value as determined in good faith in accordance with procedures approved by the Board, as discussed below. Without fair valuation, it is possible that short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that it will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short-term traders. In addition, because the Fund may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign (non-U.S.) exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of these portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares.
Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Fund's shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the NYSE is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares.
Fund shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the "NYSE Close") on each day that NYSE is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Fund normally use pricing data for domestic equity securities received shortly after the NYSE Close and does not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the
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NYSE Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities. Information that becomes known to the Fund or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.
The Trust expects that NYSE will be closed on the following holidays: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
When market quotations are insufficient or not readily available, the Fund may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or its designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the NYSE Close.
The Fund may hold investments, such as private placements, interests in commodity pools, other non-traded securities or temporarily illiquid investments, for which market quotations are not readily available or are determined to be unreliable. These investments will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the "fair value" procedures approved by the Board. The Board has designated the Adviser as its "Valuation Designee" to execute these procedures. The Adviser may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board reviews the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.
Fair value determinations are required for the following securities: (i) securities for which market quotations are insufficient or not readily available on a particular business day (including securities for which there is a short and temporary lapse in the provision of a price by the regular pricing source), (ii) securities for which, in the judgment of the Adviser, the prices or values available do not represent the fair value of the instrument. Factors which may cause the Adviser to make such a judgment include, but are not limited to, the following: only a bid price or an asked price is available; the spread between bid and asked prices is substantial; the frequency of sales; the thinness of the market; the size of reported trades; and actions of the securities markets, such as the suspension or limitation of trading; (iii) securities determined to be illiquid; (iv) securities with respect to which an event that will affect the value thereof has occurred (a "significant event") since the closing prices were established on the principal exchange on which they are traded, but prior to the Fund's calculation of its NAV. Specifically, interests in commodity pools or managed futures pools are valued on a daily basis by reference to the closing market prices of each futures contract or other asset held by a pool, as adjusted for pool expenses. Restricted securities or illiquid investments, such as private placements or non-traded securities are valued via inputs from the Adviser valuation based upon the current bid for the security from two or more independent dealers or other parties reasonably familiar with the facts and circumstances of the security (who should take into consideration all relevant factors as may be appropriate under the circumstances). If the Adviser is unable to obtain a current bid from such independent dealers or other independent parties, the Adviser shall determine the fair value of such security using the following factors: (i) the type of security; (ii) the cost at date of purchase; (iii) the size and nature of the Fund's holdings; (iv) the discount from market value of unrestricted securities of the same class at the time of purchase and subsequent thereto; (v) information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security; (vi) the nature and duration of restrictions on disposition of the security and the existence of any registration rights; (vii) how the yield of the security compares to similar securities of companies of similar or equal creditworthiness; (viii) the level of recent trades of similar or comparable securities; (ix) the liquidity characteristics of the security; (x) current market
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conditions; and (xi) the market value of any securities into which the security is convertible or exchangeable.
Standards For Fair Value Determinations. As a general principle, the fair value of a security is the amount that the Fund might reasonably expect to realize upon its current sale. The Trust has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820"). In accordance with ASC 820, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive upon selling an investment in a timely transaction to an independent buyer in the principal or most advantageous market of the investment. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier hierarchy to maximize the use of observable market data and minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to establish classification of fair value measurements for disclosure purposes. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk, for example, the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value including such a pricing model and/or the risk inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable input s are inputs that reflect the reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, developed based on the best information available under the circumstances.
Various inputs are used in determining the value of the Fund's investments relating to ASC 820. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.
Level 1 - quoted prices in active markets for identical securities.
Level 2 - other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.)
Level 3 - significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund's own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).
The Adviser takes into account the relevant factors and surrounding circumstances, which may include: (i) the nature and pricing history (if any) of the security; (ii) whether any dealer quotations for the security are available; (iii) possible valuation methodologies that could be used to determine the fair value of the security; (iv) the recommendation of a portfolio manager of the Fund with respect to the valuation of the security; (v) whether the same or similar securities are held by other funds managed by the Adviser or other funds and the method used to price the security in those funds; (vi) the extent to which the fair value to be determined for the security will result from the use of data or formulae produced by independent third parties and (vii) the liquidity or illiquidity of the market for the security.
Determination by Board. The Board meets at least quarterly to consider the valuations provided by the Adviser and to ratify the valuations made for the applicable securities. The Board considers the reports provided by the Adviser, including follow up studies of subsequent market-provided prices when available, in reviewing and determining in good faith the fair value of the applicable portfolio securities.
Purchase of Shares
Orders for shares received by the Fund in good order prior to the close of business on the NYSE on each day during such periods that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at the public offering
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price, which is NAV plus any sales charge, or at NAV per share (if no sales charges apply) computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the close of the NYSE, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined NAV per share plus sales charges, if any.
Redemption of Shares
The Fund will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder's shares of the Fund when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "How to Redeem Shares" section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholder's right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times: (a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason; (c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to fairly determine the value of net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the SEC (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or (d) when the SEC by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.
In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the NAV next determined after the termination of the suspension.
Supporting documents in addition to those listed under "How to Redeem Shares" in the Prospectus will be required from executors, administrators, trustees, or if redemption is requested by someone other than the shareholder of record. Such documents include, but are not restricted to, stock powers, trust instruments, certificates of death, appointments as executor, certificates of corporate authority and waiver of tax required in some states when settling estates.
TAX STATUS
The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax adviser regarding their investment in the Fund.
The Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Tax Code"), which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Fund will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Tax Code.
The Fund distributes all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Tax Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital gain will be made after the end of each fiscal year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
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As of June 30, 2025, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were as follows:
| Post October | Unrealized | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undistributed | Undistributed | Loss and Late | Capital Loss | Other Book/Tax | Appreciation/ | Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ordinary Income | Long-Term Gains | Year Loss | Carry Forwards | Differences | (Deprecation) | Earnings/(Deficits) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 837,551 | $ | - | $ | (456,183) | $ | (5,427,903) | $ | - | $ | 109,939 | $ | (4,936,596) | |||||||||||||
The difference between book basis and tax basis undistributed net investment income, accumulated net realized losses, and unrealized depreciation from investments is primarily attributable to tax adjustments for contributions-in-kind and perpetual bonds.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Tax Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund's assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Fund's assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such, the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
The Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Tax Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Tax Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are generally taxable to shareholders as ordinary income, unless such distributions are attributable to "qualified dividend income" eligible for the reduced federal income tax
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rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided certain holding period and other requirements are satisfied.
Distributions of net capital gain ("capital gain dividends") generally are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shares of the Fund have been held by such shareholders.
Certain U.S. shareholders, including individuals and estates and trusts are subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax on all or a portion of their "net investment income," which should include dividends from the Fund and net gains from the disposition of shares of the Fund. U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the implications of the additional Medicare tax resulting from an investment in the Fund.
A redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder's tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. The gain or loss will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held for more than one year and if not held for such period, as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional shares or cash. Shareholders electing to receive distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the NAV of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Under the Tax Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Tax Code, distributions of net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution ("FFI") or a non-financial foreign entity ("NFFE") within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA") may
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be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by the Fund and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. The Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of the Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
Investment by the Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company, which tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a qualified electing fund ("QEF"), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the company's income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether they receive any distribution from the company.
The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings "to the market" as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund's taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed for the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund's total return.
Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund's transactions in foreign currencies and foreign currency-denominated debt securities may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Other Regulated Investment Companies
Generally, the character of the income or capital gains that the Fund receives from another investment company will pass through to the Fund's shareholders as long as the Fund and the other investment company each qualify as a regulated investment company. However, to the extent that another investment company that qualifies as a regulated investment company realizes net losses on its investments for a given taxable year, the Fund will not be able to recognize its share of those losses until it disposes of shares of such investment company. Moreover, even when the Fund does make such a disposition, a portion of its loss may be recognized as a long-term capital loss, which will not be treated as favorably for federal income tax purposes as an ordinary deduction. In particular, the Fund will not be able to offset any capital losses from its dispositions of shares of other investment companies against its ordinary income. As a result of the foregoing rules, and certain other special rules, it is possible that the amounts of net investment income and net capital gains that the Fund will be required to distribute to shareholders will be greater than such amounts would have been had the Fund invested
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directly in the securities held by the investment companies in which it invests, rather than investing in shares of the investment companies. For similar reasons, the character of distributions from the Fund (e.g., long-term capital gain, qualified dividend income, etc.) will not necessarily be the same as it would have been had the Fund invested directly in the securities held by the investment companies in which it invests.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may be able to elect to "pass through" to the Fund's shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of the Fund's taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will "pass through" for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of the Fund's income will flow through to shareholders of the Fund. With respect to the Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund. The foreign tax credit can be used to offset only 90% of the revised alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations and individuals and foreign taxes generally are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is
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not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
If the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount, which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of the Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from the Fund and on redemptions of the Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. After the end of each year the Fund issues to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisers about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM
The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the "Program") as required by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ("USA PATRIOT Act"). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trust's Program provides for the development of internal practices, procedures and controls, designation of anti-money laundering compliance officers, an ongoing training program and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program.
Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that the Fund's Distributor and Transfer Agent have established proper anti-money laundering procedures, reporting
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suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and providing a complete and thorough review of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.
As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to "freeze" the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund. A control person is one who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. Persons controlling the Fund can determine the outcome of any proposal submitted to the shareholders for approval, including changes to the Fund's fundamental policies or the terms of the advisory agreement with the Adviser. As of the date of this SAI, there were no principal or control shareholders.
As of October 1, 2025, the following persons owned 5% or more of any class of outstanding shares of the Fund:
| Name & Address | Shares | Percentage of Fund Share Class |
|
|
||
|
LPL Financial/FBO: Customer Accounts ATTN: Mutual Fund Operations 4707 Executive Drive San Diego, CA 92121-3091 |
2,507,445.5320 | 22.54% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: Mutual Fund Operations 1 New York Plaza, 12th Fl New York, NY 10004 |
4,265,180.8260 | 38.34% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co INC/Special Custody A/C FBO Customers Attn: Mutual Funds 211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 |
959,708.4510 | 8.63% |
|
Reliance Trust Co FBO/Comerica EB R/R P.O. Box 78446 Atlanta, GA 30357 |
1,588,389.0360 | 14.28% |
|
RBC Capital Markets LLC/Mutual Fund Omnibus Processing Attn: Mutual Fund Ops Manager 250 Nicollet Mall Suite 1400 Minneapolis, MN 55401 |
561,054.3680 | 5.04% |
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|
Class I2 Shares |
||
|
Charles Schwab & Co INC/Special Custody A/C FBO Customers Attn: Mutual Funds 211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 |
2,843,508.6660 | 6.82% |
|
Consolidated Fund of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania One North Broad Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 |
3,568,044.9420 | 8.56% |
|
Archdiocese of Miami/ Michael A. Casciato Auth Agent Margie Rancano Auth Agent 9401 Biscayne Boulevard Miami, FL 33138 |
3,564,957.5460 | 8.55% |
|
Reliance Trust Co Huntington National Bank P.O. Box 78446 Atlanta, GA 30357 |
4,779,644.9360 | 11.47% |
|
SEI Private Trust Company/C/O Truist ID 866 Attn Mutual Fund Admin 1 Freedom Valley Drive Oaks, PA 19456 |
2,701,032.8950 | 6.48% |
Management Ownership Information. As of October 1, 2025, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
MANAGEMENT
The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board in accordance with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Trust's By-laws (the "Governing Documents"), which have been filed with the SEC and are available upon request. The Board consists of four individuals, all of whom are not "interested persons" (as defined under the 1940 Act) of the Trust and the Adviser ("Independent Trustees"). Pursuant to the Governing Documents, the Board shall elect officers including a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Principal Executive Officer and a Principal Accounting Officer. The Board retains the power to conduct, operate and carry on the business of the Trust and has the power to incur and pay any expenses which, in the opinion of the Board, are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the Trust's purposes. The Board, officers, employees and agents of the Trust, when acting in such capacities, shall not be subject to any personal liability except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.
Board Leadership Structure. The Board is led by John V. Palancia, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since May 2014. The Board has not appointed a Lead Independent Trustee because the Chairman of the Board is an Independent Trustee. Under the Governing Documents, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at Board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, and (c) executing and administrating of Trust policies, including (i) setting the agendas for Board meetings and (ii) providing information to the Board in advance of each Board meeting and between Board meetings. Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive
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Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by its shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership. The Trust believes that its Chairman, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, and, as an entity, the full Board, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its funds and each shareholder.
Board Risk Oversight. The Board is comprised entirely of Independent Trustees with an Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and risk reporting within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications.
Generally, the Fund believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of his or her individual overall merits including his or her: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills.
Patricia Luscombe, CFA, has more than 30 years in financial advisory and valuation services. She has delivered a broad range of corporate finance advice including fairness opinions and valuations. Ms. Luscombe joined Lincoln International in 2007 as a Managing Director and co-head of Lincoln's Valuations & Opinions Group. In this position, she assists regulated investment funds, business development companies, private equity funds and hedge funds in the valuation of illiquid securities for fair value accounting purposes. Ms. Luscombe's clients range from closely held businesses to large, publicly traded companies. Previously, Ms. Luscombe spent 16 years with Duff & Phelps Corporation, as a Managing Director in the firm's valuation and financial advisory business. Prior to joining Duff & Phelps Corporation, Ms. Luscombe was an Associate at Smith Barney, a division of Citigroup Capital Markets, Inc., where she managed a variety of financial transactions, including mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, and equity and debt financings. Ms. Luscombe is a member of the Chicago Chapter of the Association for Corporate Growth, the Chartered Financial Analyst Society of Chicago and former president of the Chicago Finance Exchange. Ms. Luscombe holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from Stanford University, a Masters degree in economics from the University of Chicago and a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. In addition, Ms. Luscombe is licensed under the Series 24, 79 and 63 of FINRA.
John V. Palancia has over 40 years of business experience in the financial services industry including serving as the Director of Global Futures Operations for Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. ("Merrill Lynch"). Mr. Palancia possesses an in depth understanding of broker-dealer operations from having served in various management capacities and has held industry registrations in both securities and futures. Based on his service at Merrill Lynch, he also possesses a strong understanding of risk management, balance sheet analysis, compliance and the regulatory framework under which regulated financial entities must operate. Additionally, he is well versed in the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his service as a member of three other mutual fund boards. This practical and extensive experience in the securities industry provides valuable insight into fund operations and enhances his ability to effectively serve as chairman of the Board. Mr. Palancia is a member of the Investment Company Institute and Mutual Fund Directors Forum. Mr. Palancia holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics.
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Mark H. Taylor has over 30 years of academic and professional experience in the accounting and auditing fields, which makes him particularly qualified to chair the Board's Audit Committee. Dr. Taylor holds PhD, Master's and Bachelors degrees in Accountancy and is a licensed Certified Public Accountant and serves as a member of two other mutual fund boards within the Northern Lights Fund Complex. Dr. Taylor is the Director of the Lynn Pippenger School of Accountancy at the Muma College of Business at the University of South Florida and served a three-year term as President of the American Accounting Association (AAA) (as President-Elect 8/22-7/23, President 8/23-8/24, and Past President 8/24-8/25). Dr. Taylor previously served as Vice President-Finance of the AAA, and as President of the Auditing Section of the AAA. He previously served a three-year term on the AICPA's Auditing Standards Board and completed a fellowship in the Professional Practice Group of the Office of the Chief Accountant at the headquarters of the United States Securities Exchange Commission. Dr. Taylor is a member of two research teams that received grants from the Center for Audit Quality to study how accounting firms' tone-at-the-top messaging impacts audit performance and how auditors manage the process of auditing fair value measurements and other complex estimates in financial statements. Dr. Taylor has had his research widely published in leading academic accounting and practice journals. He has teaching interests in corporate governance and accounting policy as well as auditing and assurance services at the graduate and undergraduate levels and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies operate.
Jeffery D. Young has over 40 years of business management experience, including in the transportation industry and operations and information technologies. He is currently Co-owner and Vice President of the Latin America Agriculture Development Corporation, an agribusiness exporting fruit to the United States and other Central American countries. He has served as Assistant Vice President of Transportation Systems at Union Pacific Railroad Company, where he was responsible for the development and implementation of large-scale command and control systems that support railroad operations and safety. In this position, Mr. Young was heavily involved in the regulatory compliance of safety and mission critical systems. Mr. Young also served as Chairman of the Association of American Railroads Policy Committee and represented both Union Pacific Railroad and the railroad industry in safety and regulatory hearings with the National Transportation Safety Board and the Federal Railroad Administration in Washington, DC. Mr. Young was a member of the Board of Directors of PS Technologies, a Union Pacific affiliate serving as a technology supplier to the railroad industry. His practical business experience and understanding of regulatory compliance provides a different perspective that brings diversity to Board deliberations.
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Trustees and Officers. The Trustees and officers of the Trust, together with information as to their principal business occupations during the past five years and other information, are shown below. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and officer is 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, OH 45246.
| Independent Trustees | |||||
| Name, Address, Year of Birth | Position(s) Held with Registrant | Length of Service and Term | Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years | Number of Funds Overseen In The Fund Complex* | Other Directorships Held During Past 5 Years** |
|
Patricia Luscombe 1961 |
Trustee | Since January 2015, Indefinite | Managing Director of the Valuations and Opinions Group, Lincoln International LLC (since August 2007). | 1 | Northern Lights Fund Trust III (for series not affiliated with the Fund since 2015); Monetta Mutual Funds (since November 2015). |
|
John V. Palancia 1954 |
Trustee, Chairman | Trustee, since February 2012, Indefinite; Chairman of the Board since May 2014. | Retired (since 2011); formerly, Director of Global Futures Operations Control, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. (1975-2011). | 1 | Northern Lights Fund Trust III (for series not affiliated with the Fund since 2012); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2011); Northern Lights Variable Trust (since 2011); Alternative Strategies Fund (since 2012). |
|
Mark H. Taylor 1964 |
Trustee, Chairman of the Audit Committee | Since February 2012, Indefinite | PhD (Accounting), CPA; Professor and Director, Lynn Pippenger School of Accountancy, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida (2019 - present); Professor and Department of Accountancy Chair, Case Western Reserve University (2009-2019); President, American Accounting Association (AAA) since August 2022 (President-Elect 2022-2023, President 2023-2024; Past President 2024-2025). AAA Vice President-Finance (2017-2020); President, Auditing Section of the AAA; Member, AICPA Auditing Standards Board (2009-2012); Academic Fellow, Office of the Chief Accountant, United States Securities Exchange Commission (2005-2006); Center for Audit Quality research grants (2014, 2012). | 1 | Northern Lights Fund Trust III (for series not affiliated with the Fund since 2012); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2007); Northern Lights Variable Trust (since 2007); Alternative Strategies Fund (since June 2010). |
|
Jeffery D. Young 1956 |
Trustee | Since January 2015, Indefinite | Co-owner and Vice President, Latin America Agriculture Development Corp. (since May 2015); President, Celeritas Rail Consulting (since June 2014); Asst. Vice President - Transportation Systems, Union Pacific Railroad Company (June 1976 to April 2014). | 1 | Northern Lights Fund Trust III (for series not affiliated with the Fund since 2015). |
* As of June 30, 2025, the Trust was comprised of 27 active portfolios managed by 13 unaffiliated investment advisers. The term "Fund Complex" applies only to the Fund. The Fund does not hold itself out as related to any other series within the Trust for investment purposes, nor does it share the same investment adviser with any other series.
** Only includes directorships held within the past 5 years in a company with a class of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or subject to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or any company registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
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Officers of the Trust
| Name, Address, Year of Birth | Position(s) Held with Registrant | Length of Service and Term | Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
| Brian Curley 1970 | President | Since May 2023, indefinite | Vice President, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (since 2020); Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2015-2020). |
|
Timothy Burdick 1986 |
Vice President | Since May 2023, indefinite | Vice President and Senior Managing Counsel, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (2023 - present); Vice President and Managing Counsel, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (2022 - 2023); Assistant Vice President and Counsel, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (2019 - 2022). |
|
Richard Gleason 1977 |
Treasurer | Since May 2023, indefinite | Assistant Vice President, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (since 2020); Assistant Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2015-2020). |
|
Joseph Kulbacki 1967 |
Secretary | Since November 2024, indefinite | Senior Legal Administrator, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (since 2024); Senior Paralegal, Voya Financial, Inc., (2023-2024), Senior Corporate Paralegal II, Argo AI (2022); Contract Paralegal (2020-2022); Corporate Governance Paralegal, GNC (2019-2020). |
|
William Kimme 1962 |
Chief Compliance Officer |
Since February 2012, indefinite |
Senior Compliance Officer of Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (since 2011). |
Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee that consists solely of Independent Trustees. The Audit Committee's responsibilities include: (i) recommending to the Board the selection, retention or termination of the Trust's independent auditors; (ii) reviewing with the independent auditors the scope, performance and anticipated cost of their audit; (iii) discussing with the independent auditors certain matters relating to the Trust's financial statements, including any adjustment to such financial statements recommended by such independent auditors, or any other results of any audit; (iv) reviewing on a periodic basis a formal written statement from the independent auditors with respect to their independence, discussing with the independent auditors any relationships or services disclosed in the statement that may impact the objectivity and independence of the Trust's independent auditors and recommending that the Board take appropriate action in response thereto to satisfy itself of the auditor's independence; and (v) considering the comments of the independent auditors and management's responses thereto with respect to the quality and adequacy of the Trust's accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and internal controls. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to an Audit Committee Charter. Dr. Taylor is Chairman of the Audit Committee. During the past fiscal year, the Audit Committee held four meetings.
Compensation of Directors. Since January 1, 2024, each Independent Trustee receives a quarterly fee of $30,000, allocated among each of the various portfolios comprising the Trust, for his or her attendance at the regularly scheduled meetings of the Board, to be paid in advance of each calendar quarter, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred. In addition to the quarterly fees and reimbursements, the Chairman of the Board receives a quarterly fee of $7,500, and the Audit Committee Chairman receives a quarterly fee of $5,500. From January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2023, each Independent Trustee received a quarterly fee of $26,000, allocated among each of the various portfolios comprising the Trust, for his or her attendance at the regularly scheduled meetings of the Board, paid in advance of each calendar quarter, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred. From January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2023, in addition to the quarterly fees and reimbursements, the Chairman of the Board received a quarterly fee of $6,250, and the Audit Committee Chairman received a quarterly fee of $4,500.
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Additionally, in the event an in-person meeting of the Board other than its regularly scheduled meetings (a "Special Meeting") is required, each Independent Trustee will receive a fee of $2,500 per Special Meeting, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred, to be paid by the relevant series of the Trust or its investment adviser depending on the circumstances necessitating the Special Meeting. None of the executive officers receive compensation from the Trust.
The table below details the amount of compensation the Board received from the Fund during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. The Trust does not have a bonus, profit sharing, pension or retirement plan.
| Name and Position | Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Fund | Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses | Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement | Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex* Paid to Trustees |
| Patricia Luscombe | $4,210.73 | None | None | $4,210.73 |
| John V. Palancia | $5,126.11 | None | None | $5,126.11 |
| Mark H. Taylor | $4,759.96 | None | None | $4,759.96 |
| Jeffery D. Young | $4,210.73 | None | None | $4,210.73 |
* There are currently numerous series comprising the Trust. The term "Fund Complex" refers only to the Fund, and not to any other series of the Trust. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the aggregate Independent Trustees' fees paid by the entire Trust were $513,750.
.
Trustees' Ownership of Shares in the Fund. As of December 31, 2024, the Trustees beneficially owned the following amounts in the Fund:
| Name of Trustee | Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund | Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies |
| Patricia Luscombe | None | $10,001-$50,000 |
| John V. Palancia | None | $10,001-$50,000 |
| Mark H. Taylor | None | $10,001-$50,000 |
| Jeffery D. Young | None | None |
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements and report of the independent registered public accounting firm required to be included in this SAI are hereby incorporated by reference to the Fund's Financial Statements for the year ended June 30, 2025. You can obtain a copy of the financial statements without charge by calling the Fund at 1-877-345-9597.
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APPENDIX A
BOND RATINGS
DESCRIPTION OF MOODY'S CORPORATE BOND RATINGS
Aaa. Bonds rated Aaa are judged to be the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as "gilt edge." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of these issues.
Aa. Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
A. Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa. Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba. Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future payments cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B. Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Moody's applies the numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through B. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
Commercial paper rated Prime-l by Moody's are judged by Moody's to be of the best quality. Their short-term debt obligations carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Margins of support for current indebtedness are large or stable with cash flow and asset protection well insured. Current liquidity provides ample coverage of near-term liabilities and unused alternative financing arrangements are generally available. While protective elements may change over the intermediate or longer term, such changes are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of short-term obligations.
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Issuers (or related supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, will be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.
Commercial paper rated A by S&P have the following characteristics. Liquidity ratios are better than industry average. Long-term debt rating is A or better. The issuer has access to at least two additional channels of borrowing. Basic earnings and cash flow are in an upward trend. Typically, the issuer is a strong company in a well-established industry and has superior management. Issuers rated A are further refined by use of numbers 1, 2, and 3 to denote relative strength within this highest classification. Those issuers rated A-1 that are determined by S&P to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are denoted with a plus (+) sign designation.
Fitch's commercial paper ratings represent Fitch's assessment of the issuer's ability to meet its obligations in a timely manner. The assessment places emphasis on the existence of liquidity. Ratings range from F-1+ which represents exceptionally strong credit quality to F-4 which represents weak credit quality.
Duff & Phelps' short-term ratings apply to all obligations with maturities of under one year, including commercial paper, the uninsured portion of certificates of deposit, unsecured bank loans, master notes, bankers acceptances, irrevocable letters of credit and current maturities of long-term debt. Emphasis is placed on liquidity. Ratings range from Duff 1+ for the highest quality to Duff 5 for the lowest, issuers in default. Issues rated Duff 1+ are regarded as having the highest certainty of timely payment. Issues rated Duff 1 are regarded as having very high certainty of timely payment.
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APPENDIX B
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
BOYD WATTERSON ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC
Boyd has the authority to vote proxies on behalf of its clients when agreed upon or as implied via contract. A potential conflict of interest arises where Boyd has proxy-voting authority in instances where Boyd or its employees have a material conflict of interest due to business, personal, or family relationships.
In an effort to avoid such conflicts, all proxies are voted through ProxyEdge in the manner recommended by Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC ("Glass Lewis"). Boyd Watterson relies on the Investment Manager thematic voting policies from Glass Lewis for all non-ERISA Clients and the Taft-Hartley thematic voting policies from Glass Lewis for all ERISA Clients. This could cause inconsistencies in voting proxies for all Clients if voting recommendations between the policies differ. Periodically, Glass Lewis' policies will be reviewed by Compliance to determine if conflicts of interest are either non-existent or appropriately mitigated.
Boyd may refrain from voting proxies when doing so is in the best interest of the client. Although not an exhaustive list of examples, some instances where this might be the case are (1) where the cost is too high and the benefit is too low, or (2) where voting may not be necessary where casting a vote would not reasonably be expected to have a material impact on the value of the client's investment.
When an issuer chooses to submit a Report Feedback Statement, Glass Lewis analysts review the company's feedback and determine whether any changes to its proxy research and advice is warranted. Additional Glass Lewis due diligence disclosures can be found at https://www.glasslewis.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GL-Due-Diligence-Resource-on-SECGuidance_Supplement.pdf.
Clients may obtain information on how Boyd has voted proxies or request a copy of the proxy voting policy and procedures by submitting a written request to Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC, ATTN: Compliance Department, 1301 E. 9th Street, Suite 2900, Cleveland, OH 44114. Upon receipt of this type of request, Boyd will use reports from ProxyEdge to respond to this request. If the proxies were not voted on ProxyEdge, Boyd will provide the documentation maintained on the Digital Filing System.
General Proxy Voting Guidelines
In the event that the firm must vote a proxy for which a recommendation is not available from Glass Lewis, appropriate Boyd personnel will determine how to vote. Boyd's proxy voting guidelines ("Proxy Guidelines"), which may be obtained from the CCO, may be used as a reference in determining how to cast a vote. The Proxy Guidelines are intended to be used as guidelines, not strict rules. The individuals responsible for voting any given proxy are to make a determination as to which vote is in the best interest of the client. Boyd will document the rationale for any proxy votes that deviate from its stated Proxy Guidelines where necessary.
Boyd will also perform conflicts checks on Proxy Committee Members to ensure there is no material conflicts that arise in relation to its proxy voting obligations. If a material conflict of interest is identified, the CCO, or its designee, will determine with Boyd's Proxy Voting Committee on how best to address the conflict, which may include but is not limited to personnel recusal from a proxy vote.
Form N-PX
Form 13F Filers are now required to file Form N-PX with the initial filing to occur by August 31, 2024. Boyd Watterson has engaged the services of ProxyEdge, ProxyDisclosure, to assist and complete this filing obligation requirement.
Procedural Summary
| Who: | Compliance and Operations |
| What: | Form N-PX |
| When: | Annually |
| Evidence: | Historical Filings are available on EDGAR |
Proxy Voting for Advised Funds
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An Advised Fund for which Boyd serves as investment adviser may invest in other investment companies that are not affiliated ("Underlying Funds") and are not required by the Investment Company Act to handle proxies received from Underlying Funds in a certain manner. Notwithstanding the foregoing proxy procedures and Boyd's Proxy Guidelines, it is the policy of Boyd to vote all proxies received from the Underlying Funds in the same proportion that all shares of the Underlying Funds are voted, or in accordance with instructions received from fund shareholders, pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment Company Act. After properly voted, the proxy materials will be placed in a file maintained by Boyd for future reference.
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PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits.
Each of the Exhibits incorporated by reference below are found in File Nos. 811-22655, 333-178833.
(a) Articles of Incorporation.
(i) Registrant's Amended Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated May 30, 2019 as previously filed on June 7, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 411, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Certificate of Trust, which was filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A on December 30, 2011, is incorporated by reference.
(b) By-Laws. Registrant's By-Laws as previously filed on August 19, 2013 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 62, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(i) Revised By-Laws as previously filed on October 14, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 522, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(c) Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holder. None other than in the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws of the Registrant.
(d) Investment Advisory Contracts.
(i) Investment Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on November 13, 2012 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 17, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Dakota Wealth, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the Persimmon Long/Short Fund as previously filed on December 14, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 528, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii) Reserved.
(iv) Investment Advisory Agreement between Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Covered Bridge Fund as previously filed on August 19, 2013 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 62, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iv)(a) First Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Covered Bridge Fund as previously filed on October 26, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 305, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(v) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Absolute Capital Management LLC and First Associated Investment Advisors, Inc., with respect to The Teberg Fund as previously filed on February 29, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 608, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi) Investment Advisory Agreement between RESQ Investment Partners, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the RESQ Dynamic Allocation Fund and RESQ Strategic Income Fund as previously filed on December 13, 2013 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 85, and hereby incorporated by reference.
C-1
(vi)(a) Second Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between RESQ Investment Partners, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the RESQ Dynamic Allocation Fund and RESQ Strategic Income Fund as previously filed on July 24, 2020 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 468, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii) Reserved.
(viii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and the Registrant with respect to the HCM Tactical Plus Fund as previously filed on April 24, 2020 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 465, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii)(a) First Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and the Registrant with respect to the HCM Tactical Plus Fund as previously filed on April 28, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 294, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ix) Investment Advisory Agreement between PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the PlanRock Alternative Growth ETF as previously filed on December 19, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 596, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(x) Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Income Fund as previously filed on September 24, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 203, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xi) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, Inc., and Swan Global Management, LLC, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on January 13, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 149, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xi)(a) Amendment to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, Inc., and Swan Global Management, LLC, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on January 23, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 270, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC and Registrant with respect to the Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF as previously filed on February 14, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 607, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to HCM Sector Plus Fund, as previously filed on March 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 160, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiv) Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc, and Registrant, with respect to HCM Tactical Plus Fund, HCM Sector Plus Fund, HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund and HCM Dynamic Income Fund, as previously filed on April 29, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 609, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xv) Investment Advisory Agreement between Pinnacle Family Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Pinnacle Multi-Strategy Core Fund as previously filed on September 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 202, and hereby incorporated by reference.
C-2
(xvi) Investment Advisory Agreement between Absolute Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Absolute Capital Asset Allocator Fund and Absolute Capital Defender Fund as previously filed on December 14, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 373, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvi)(a) Investment Advisory Agreement between Absolute Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Teberg Fund as previously filed on February 29, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 608, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvi)(b) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Absolute Capital Management LLC and First Associated Investment Advisors, Inc., with respect to The Teberg Fund as previously filed on January 27, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 621, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Equity Fund as previously filed on October 19, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 208, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvii)(a) Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Income Fund as previously filed on October 26, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 305, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xviii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund as previously filed on July 28, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 630, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xix) Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and the Registrant with respect to the HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund as previously filed on January 23, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 270, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xix)(a) First Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and the Registrant with respect to the HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund as previously filed on July 24, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 341, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xx) Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Municipal Fund as previously filed on May 1, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 338, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxi) Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant with respect to the Counterpoint Quantitative Equity ETF, as previously filed on November 22, 2023 to Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 592, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund as previously filed on November 16, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 364, and hereby incorporated by reference.
C-3
(xxii)(a) First Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund as previously filed on July 22, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 511, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxiii) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC, and Swan Global Management, LLC, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund as previously filed on December 14, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 373, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxiv) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC and Swan Global Management, LLC with respect to the Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF as previously filed on February 14, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 607, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxv) Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and Registrant with respect to the HCM Defender 100 Index ETF and HCM Defender 500 Index ETF as previously filed on September 6, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 426, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxvi) Investment Advisory Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint High Yield Trend ETF as previously filed on December 27, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 439, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxvii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Centerstone Investors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Centerstone Investors Fund as previously filed on March 3, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 505, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxviii) Investment Advisory Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to HCM Dynamic Income Fund as previously filed on June 14, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 544, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxix) Investment Advisory Agreement between PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the PlanRock Income Rotation ETF and PlanRock Growth Rotation ETF, to be filed by subsequent amendment.
(xxx) Investment Advisory Agreement between ABS Global Investments, and Registrant, with respect to the ABS Insights Emerging Markets Fund as previously filed on September 20, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(e) Underwriting Contracts.
(i) Underwriting Agreement between the Registrant and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC dated July 1, 2025, as previously filed on July 28, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post Effective Amendment No. 630 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) ETF Underwriting Agreement between the Registrant and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, dated July 1, 2025, as previously filed on July 28, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in post-Effective Amendment No. 630 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(f) Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts. None.
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(g) Custodial Agreement.
(i) Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank as previously filed on August 29, 2012 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Union Bank, N.A. as previously filed on August 29, 2012 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 9, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii) Custody Agreement between the Registrant and U.S. Bank, N.A. as previously filed on February 10, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 93, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii)(a) Amendment to Custody Agreement between the Registrant and U.S. Bank, N.A. as previously filed on May 15, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 under the 1940 Act, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iv) Custody Agreement between the Registrant and First National Bank of Omaha as previously filed on October 14, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 139, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(v) Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Fifth Third Bank as previously filed on July 14, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 297, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi) Custody and Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. as previously filed on September 6, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 426, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi)(a) Third Amendment to the Custody and Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. as previously filed on December 11, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 594, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii) Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company on behalf of Centerstone Investors Fund was previously filed on April 21, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 507, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii) Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. as previously filed on July 22, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 511, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii)(a) Third Amendment to the Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. as previously filed on April 29, 2024 to Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 609, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii)(b) Fourth Amendment to the Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. as previously filed on July 9, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 610, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ix) Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and the Northern Trust Company as previously filed on September 20, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(h) Other Material Contracts.
(i) Fund Services Agreement between Gemini Fund Services, LLC and the Registrant as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(i)(a) Fund Services Agreement between Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC and the Registrant as previously filed on October 14, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 522, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Swan Capital Management, Inc. and the Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on November 13, 2012 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 17, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Dakota Wealth, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the Persimmon Long/Short Fund as previously filed on July 22, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 511, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iv) Reserved.
(v) Expense Limitation Agreement between Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to The Covered Bridge Fund as previously filed on August 19, 2013 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 62, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(v)(a) Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to The Covered Bridge Fund as previously filed on October 26, 2017 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 305, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi) Expense Limitation Agreement between Absolute Capital Management LLC and Registrant, with respect to The Teberg Fund, as previously filed on November 22, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 593, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi)(a) First Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Absolute Capital Management LLC and Registrant, with respect to The Teberg Fund, as previously filed on January 27, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 621, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii) Expense Limitation Agreement between RESQ Investment Partners, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the RESQ Dynamic Allocation Fund and RESQ Strategic Income Fund as previously filed on January 8, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 313, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii) Reserved.
(ix) Expense Limitation Agreement between PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the PlanRock Income Rotation ETF and PlanRock Growth Rotation ETF to be filed by subsequent amendment.
(x) Expense Limitation Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and Registrant, with respect to the HCM Tactical Plus Fund as previously filed on July 8, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 119, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xi) Expense Limitation Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Income Fund as previously filed on September 24, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 203, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(xii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to Counterpoint Quantitative Equity ETF as previously filed on November 22, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 592, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to HCM Sector Plus Fund as previously filed on March 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 160, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiii)(a) First Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to HCM Sector Plus Fund as previously filed on April 25, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 404, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiv) Expense Limitation Agreement between ABS Global Investments and Registrant, with respect to the ABS Insights Emerging Markets Fund as previously filed on September 20, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xv) Expense Limitation Agreement between Pinnacle Family Advisors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Pinnacle Multi-Strategy Core Fund as previously filed on September 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 202, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvi) Expense Limitation Agreement between Absolute Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Absolute Capital Asset Allocator Fund and Absolute Capital Defender Fund as previously filed on October 13, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 207, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvi)(a) First Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Absolute Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Absolute Capital Defender Fund, as previously filed on January 27, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 621, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Equity Fund as previously filed on October 19, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 208, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xviii) Amended and Restated Consulting Services Agreement between Registrant and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC as previously filed on June 14, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 544, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xix) Expense Limitation Agreement between Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund as previously filed on June 17, 2016 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 247, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xix)(a) Second Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund as previously filed on October 29, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 355, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xix)(b) Third Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund as previously filed on February 27, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 401, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(xix)(c) Fourth Amendment to the Expense Limitation Agreement between Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund as previously filed on October 30, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 589, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xx) Reserved.
(xxi) Expense Limitation Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Municipal Fund as previously filed on May 1, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 338, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxii) Reserved.
(xxiii) Expense Limitation Agreement between Swan Capital Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund as previously filed on November 16, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 364, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxiv) Expense Limitation Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to HCM Dynamic Income Fund as previously filed on June 14, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 544, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxv) Expense Limitation Agreement between Howard Capital Management, Inc., and Registrant, with respect to the HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund as previously field on July 9, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 414, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxvi) ETF Fund Services Agreement between Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC as previously filed on September 6, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 426, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxvii)(a) ETF Fund Services Agreement between Registrant and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC as previously filed on October 14, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 522, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxviii) Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Counterpoint Funds, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Counterpoint High Yield Trend ETF as previously filed on August 30, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post Effective Amendment No. 578, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxix) Expense Limitation Agreement between Centerstone Investors, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the Centerstone Investors Fund as previously filed on March 3, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 505, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxx) Expense Limitation Agreement between PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, and Registrant, with respect to the PlanRock Alternative Growth ETF as previously filed on December 19, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 596, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxi) Reserved.
(xxxii) Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreements.
(xxxiii)(a) iShares ETFs and BlackRock Mutual Funds and Active ETFs Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(xxxiii)(b) Direxion Shares ETF Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(c) Direxion Funds Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(d) Fidelity Merrimack Street Trust, Fidelity Covington Trust and Fidelity Commonwealth Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(e) Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(f) J.P. Morgan Exchange-Traded Fund Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(g) Krane Shares Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(h) ProFunds Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(i) ProShares Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(j) Schwab Strategic Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(k) The Select Sector SPDR Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(l) SPDR Series Trust, SPDR Index Shares Funds and SSGA Active Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(m) SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust and SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(n) VanEck ETF Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(xxxiii)(o) Vanguard Fund Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(p) WisdomTree Trust Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on February 25, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 540, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xxxiii)(q) Tidal Trust II Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement as previously filed on August 30, 2023 to Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 578, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(i) Legal Opinion of Thompson Hine LLP as previously filed on September 24, 2024 to Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(i)(a) Legal Consent is filed herewith.
(j) Other Opinions. Consent of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm is filed herewith.
(k) Omitted Financial Statements. None.
(l) Initial Capital Agreements. None.
(m) Rule 12b-1 Plans.
(i) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class A Shares as previously filed on April 22, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 104, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(i)(a) Amended and Restated exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class A Shares as previously filed on June 14, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 544, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class C Shares as previously filed on April 22, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 104, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii)(a) Amended and Restated exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class C Shares as previously filed on April 21, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 507,and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class N Shares as previously filed on April 22, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 104, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iv) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for No-Load Shares as previously filed on August 19, 2013 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 62, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(v) Amended Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for No-Load Shares as previously filed on December 19, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 596, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class R Shares as previously filed on July 8, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 119, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(vi)(a) Amended and Restated exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class R as previously filed on June 17, 2016 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 247, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Class A1 as previously filed on March 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 160, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Investor Class Shares as previously filed on March 3, 2015 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 160, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii)(a) Amended and Restated exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Investor Class Shares as previously filed on October 19, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 584, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii)(b) Amended and Restated exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for Investor Class Shares as previously file on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ix) Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for ETF Shares as previously filed on December 27, 2019 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 439, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ix)(a) Amended and Restated Exhibit A to Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 for ETF Shares as previously filed on December 11, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 594, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(x) Rule 18f-3 Plan as previously filed on July 8, 2014 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 119, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xi) Amended and Restated Appendix A to Rule 18f-3 Plan as previously filed on October 19, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 584, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xii) Amended and Restated Appendix A to Rule 18f-3 Plan as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiii) Amended and Restated Appendix A to Rule 18f-3 Plan as previously filed on September 20, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(n) Reserved.
(o) Code of Ethics.
(i) Code of Ethics for the Trust as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii) Code of Ethics for Northern Lights Distributors, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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(iii) Code of Ethics of Swan Capital Management, Inc. as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iv) Reserved.
(v) Code of Ethics of Pinnacle Family Advisors, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi) Code of Ethics of Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii) Code of Ethics of First Associated Investment Advisors, Inc. as previously filed on April 25, 2018 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 337, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(viii) Code of Ethics of RESQ Investment Partners, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ix) Reserved.
(x) Code of Ethics of ABS Global Investments as previously filed on September 20, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 614 and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xi) Code of Ethics of Howard Capital Management, Inc. as previously filed on January 23, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 552, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xii) Code of Ethics of Counterpoint Funds, LLC as previously filed on January 27, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 621, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiii) Code of Ethics of PlanRock Investment Management, LLC as previously filed on December 11, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 594, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xiv) Code of Ethics of Swan Global Management, LLC as previously filed on July 28, 2025 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 630, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xv) Code of Ethics of Absolute Capital Management, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvi) Code of Ethics of Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC as previously filed on January 19, 2024 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 598, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xvii) Code of Ethics for Centerstone Investors, LLC as previously filed on April 22, 2022 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 542, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(xviii) Code of Ethics for Dakota Wealth, LLC as previously filed on July 22, 2021 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 511, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(p) Powers of Attorney.
(i) Powers of Attorney for the Trust, each trustee and a certificate with respect thereto, and each executive officer, as previously filed on May 30, 2023 to the Registrant's Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 569, and hereby incorporated by reference.
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Item 29. Control Persons. None.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Generally, certain of the agreements with the Trust, or related to the Trust, provide indemnification of the Trust's Trustees, officers, the underwriter, and certain Trust affiliates. Insurance carried by the Trust provides indemnification of the Trustees and officers. The details of these sources of indemnification and insurance follow.
Article VIII, Section 2(a) of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that to the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act of 2002, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of: any agent or employee of the Trust; any investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Trust; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively. The Trust, out of the Trust Property, is required to indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officer's or Trustee's performance of his or her duties as an officer or Trustee of the Trust. This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a person serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust whether or not such person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted. Nothing contained in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust indemnifies, holds harmless or protects any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust or any shareholder to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person's office.
Article VIII, Section 2(b) provides that every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or document whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust, the officers or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in such Person's capacity as Trustee and/or as officer, and such Trustee or officer, as applicable, shall not be personally liable therefore, except as described in the last sentence of the first paragraph of Section 2 of Article VIII.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions of Delaware law and the Agreement and Declaration of the Registrant or the By-Laws of the Registrant, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Trust in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement between the Trust and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC ("NLD"), the Trust agrees to indemnify, defend and hold NLD, its several officers and managers, and any person who controls NLD within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending such claims, demands or liabilities and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) which NLD, its officers and managers, or any such controlling persons, may incur under the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, or common law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon: (i) any untrue statement, or alleged untrue statement, of a material fact required to be stated in either any Registration Statement or any Prospectus, (ii) the breach of any representations, warranties or obligations set forth in the Underwriting Agreement, (iii) any omission, or alleged omission, to state a material fact required to be stated in any Registration Statement or any Prospectus or necessary to make the statements in any of them not misleading, (iv) the Trust's failure to maintain an effective Registration statement and Prospectus with respect to Shares of the Funds that are the subject of the claim or demand, (v) the Trust's failure to provide NLD with advertising or sales materials to be filed with the FINRA on a timely basis, (vi) the Trust's failure to properly register Fund Shares under applicable state laws, or (vii) reasonable actions taken by NLD resulting from NLD's reliance on instructions received from an officer, agent or legal counsel of the Trust.
Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, NLD agrees to indemnify, defend and hold the Trust, its several officers and Board members, and any person who controls the Trust within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending such claims, demands or liabilities and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) which the Trust, its officers or Board members, or any such controlling person, may incur under the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, or under common law or otherwise, but only to the extent that such liability or expense incurred by the Trust, its officers or Board members, or such controlling person results from such claims or demands: (i) arising out of or based upon any sales literature, advertisements, information, statements or representations made by NLD and unauthorized by the Trust or any Disqualifying Conduct in connection with the offering and sale of any Shares, or (ii) arising out of or based upon any untrue, or alleged untrue, statement of a material fact contained in information furnished in writing by NLD to the Fund specifically for use in the Trust's Registration Statement and used in the answers to any of the items of the Registration Statement or in the corresponding statements made in the Prospectus, or shall arise out of or be based upon any omission, or alleged omission, to state a material fact in connection with such information furnished in writing by NLD to the Trust and required to be stated in such answers or necessary to make such information not misleading.
Pursuant to the Fund Services Agreement and the ETF Fund Services Agreement (the "Fund Services Agreements"), each between the Trust and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (UFS), the Trust agrees to indemnify and hold UFS harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to the Trust's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of each Fund Services Agreement, or which arise out of the Trust's lack of good faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Trust's performance under or in connection with each Fund Services Agreement.
Pursuant to the Fund Services agreements, UFS shall indemnify and hold the Trust and each applicable Fund harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable attorney or consultant fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to UFS's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of each Fund Services Agreement, breach of any representation or warranty made by UFS contained in each Fund Services Agreement or which arise out of UFS's lack of good faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct or reckless disregard of its duties with respect to UFS's performance under or in connection with each Fund Services Agreement.
Pursuant to the Consulting Services Agreement ("Consulting Agreement") with Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (NLCS), the Trust agrees to indemnify and hold NLCS harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to (i) the Trust's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of the Consulting Agreement, (ii) the Trust's lack of good faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Trust's performance under or in connection with this Agreement, or (iii) all reasonable actions taken by NLCS hereunder in good faith.
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Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, NLCS shall indemnify and hold the Trust and each Fund harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liabilities arising out of or attributable to NLCS's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of the Consulting Agreement, or which arise out of NLCS's lack of good faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to NLCS' performance under or in connection with the Consulting Agreement.
The Trust maintains a mutual fund directors and officers liability policy. The policy, under certain circumstances, such as the inability of the Trust to indemnify Trustees and officers provides coverage to Trustees and officers. Coverage under the policy would include losses by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or certain breaches of duty.
Generally, each management agreement or investment advisory agreement provides that neither the adviser nor any director, manager, officer or employee of the adviser performing services for the Trust at the direction or request of the adviser in connection with the adviser's discharge of its obligations under the agreement shall be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Trust in connection with any matter to which the agreement relates, and the adviser shall not be responsible for any action of the Trustees of the Trust in following or declining to follow any advice or recommendation of the adviser or any sub-adviser retained by the adviser pursuant to Section 9 of the agreement; PROVIDED, that nothing contained in the agreement shall be construed (i) to protect the adviser against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders to which the adviser would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of the adviser's duties, or by reason of the adviser's reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the agreement, or (ii) to protect any director, manager, officer or employee of the adviser who is or was a Trustee or officer of the Trust against any liability of the Trust or its shareholders to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person's office with the Trust. Additionally, generally, each sub-advisory agreement provides that the subadviser shall indemnify the adviser, the Trust and each Fund, and their respective affiliates and controlling persons for any liability and expenses, including without limitation reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, which the adviser, the Trust and/or the Fund and their respective affiliates and controlling persons may sustain as a result of the subadviser's willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the federal and state securities laws. Generally, each sub-advisory agreement provides that adviser shall indemnify the subadviser, its affiliates and its controlling persons, for any liability and expenses, including without limitation reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, which may be sustained as a result of the adviser's willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the federal and state securities laws.
Item 31. Activities of Investment Advisor and Sub-Advisor.
Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of each Advisor of each series of the Trust is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the respective Prospectus captioned "Investment Advisor" and to the section of the respective Statement of Additional Information captioned "Investment Advisory and Other Services." The information required by this Item 31 with respect to each director, officer or partner of each Advisor is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration ("Form ADV") on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Each Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov, and may be requested by File No. as follows:
Swan Capital Management, LLC, the Advisor of the Swan Defined Risk Fund, Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund and Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF - File No. 801-76701.
Swan Global Management, LLC, the Sub-Advisor of the Swan Defined Risk Fund, Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund and Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF - File No. 801-80552.
Pinnacle Family Advisors, LLC, the Advisor of the Pinnacle Multi-Strategy Core Fund - File No. 801-78013.
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Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC, the Advisor of The Covered Bridge Fund- File No. 801-53760.
First Associated Investment Advisors, the Sub-Advisor of The Teberg Fund - File No. 801-60972.
RESQ Investment Partners, LLC, the Advisor of the RESQ Dynamic Allocation Fund and RESQ Strategic Income Fund - File No. 801-78822.
Howard Capital Management, Inc., the Advisor of the HCM Tactical Plus Fund, HCM Sector Plus Fund, HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund, HCM Defender 500 Index ETF, HCM Defender 100 Index ETF and HCM Dynamic Income Fund - File No. 801-69763.
Counterpoint Funds, LLC, the Advisor of the Counterpoint Tactical Income Fund, Counterpoint Tactical Equity Fund, Counterpoint Tactical Municipal Fund, Counterpoint High Yield Trend ETF and Counterpoint Quantitative Equity ETF - File No. 801-80197.
Absolute Capital Management, LLC, the Advisor of Absolute Capital Asset Allocator Fund, Absolute Capital Defender Fund and The Teberg Fund - File No. 801-61336.
Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC, the Advisor of Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund - File No. 801-57468.
Centerstone Investors, LLC, the Advisor of the Centerstone Investors Fund - File No. 801-107361.
Dakota Wealth, LLC, the Advisor of the Persimmon Long/Short Fund File No. 801-114097.
PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, the Advisor of the PlanRock Income Rotation ETF, Plan Rock Equity Rotation ETF, and PlanRock Alternative Equity ETF File No. 801-118167
ABS Global Investments, the Adviser of the ABS Insights Emerging Markets Fund File No. 801-62188.
Item 32. Principal Underwriter.
(a) Northern Lights Distributors, LLC ("NLD"), is the principal underwriter for all series of Mutual Fund & Variable Insurance Trust. NLD also acts as principal underwriter for the following:
NLD also acts as a principal underwriter to the following investment companies: Atlas U.S. Government Money Market Fund, Inc., Atlas U.S. Tactical Income Fund, Inc. Boyar Value Fund Inc., Capitol Series Trust, Copeland Trust, DGI Investment Trust, Grandeur Peak Global Trust, Humankind Benefit Corporation, Liberty One Spectrum ETF, Miller Investment Trust, Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, Mutual Fund Series Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, Northern Lights Fund Trust III, Northern Lights Fund Trust IV, Northern Lights Variable Trust, OCM Mutual Fund, Rayliant Trust, The North Country Funds, Texas Capital Funds Trust, The Saratoga Advantage Trust, Segall Bryant & Hamill Trust, Tributary Funds, Inc., Two Roads Shared Trust, Ultimus Managers Trust, Unified Series Trust, Valued Advisers Trust, and Zacks Trust.
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(b) NLD is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). The principal business address of NLD is 4221 North 203rd St., Suite 100, Elkhorn, NE 68022 NLD is an affiliate of Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC. Both NLD and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC are under common ownership of The Ultimus Fund Group, LLC. To the best of Registrant's knowledge, the following are the members and officers of NLD:
| Name |
Positions and Offices with Underwriter |
Positions and Offices with the Fund |
| Kevin Guerette | President | None |
| Stephen Preston | Treasurer, Chief Compliance Officer, Finance and Operations Principal, and AML Compliance Officer | None |
| William J. Strait | Manager, Secretary, and General Counsel | None |
| Melvin Van Cleave | Chief Information Securities Officer | None |
| David James | Manager | None |
(c) Not Applicable. No underwriting commissions are paid in connection with the sale of Registrant's Shares.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.
All accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant pursuant to Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and Rules 31a-1 through 31a-3 thereunder are maintained at the office of the Registrant, Adviser, Sub-Adviser, Principal Underwriter, Transfer Agent, Fund Accountant, Administrator and Custodian at the addresses stated in the SAI.
Swan Capital Management, LLC 1099 Main Ave., Ste. 260, Durango, CO 81301, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund, Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund and Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF.
Pinnacle Family Advisors, LLC, 620 W. Republic Road, Suite 104, Springfield, MO 65810 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Pinnacle Multi-Strategy Core Fund.
Stonebridge Capital Advisors, LLC, 2550 University Avenue West, Suite 180 South, Saint Paul, MN 55114 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to The Covered Bridge Fund.
RESQ Investment Partners, LLC 9383 East Bahia Drive, Suite 120, Scottsdale, AZ 85260 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to RESQ Dynamic Allocation Fund and RESQ Strategic Income Fund.
Howard Capital Management, Inc., 1145 Hembree Road, Rosewell, GA 30076 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the HCM Tactical Plus Fund, HCM Sector Plus Fund, HCM Multi-Asset Plus Fund, HCM Defender 500 Index ETF, HCM Defender 100 Index ETF and HCM Dynamic Income Fund.
Counterpoint Funds, LLC 12760 High Bluff Drive, Suite 280, San Diego, CA 92130 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Counterpoint Tactical Income Fund, Counterpoint Tactical Equity Fund, Counterpoint Tactical Municipal Fund, Counterpoint High Yield Trend ETF and Counterpoint Quantitative Equity ETF.
Swan Global Management, LLC 41 Shell Castle, Humacao, PR 00791 pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement with Swan Capital Management, Inc., maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund, Swan Defined Risk Growth Fund and Swan Enhanced Dividend Income ETF.
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Absolute Capital Management, LLC 101 Pennsylvania Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA 15228 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Absolute Capital Asset Allocator Fund, Absolute Capital Defender Fund and The Teberg Fund.
Boyd Watterson Asset Management, LLC 1301 East 9th Street, Suite 2900, Cleveland, OH 44114 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Boyd Watterson Limited Duration Enhanced Income Fund.
Centerstone Investors, LLC 228 Park Avenue S, Suite 75938, New York, NY 10003 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Centerstone Investors Fund.
Dakota Wealth, LLC 11376 N. Jog Road Suite 101, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33418 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Persimmon Long/Short Fund.
PlanRock Investment Management, LLC, 7105 Peach Court, Suite 106, Brentwood, TN 37027 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the PlanRock Income Rotation ETF, Plan Rock Growth Rotation ETF, and PlanRock Alternative Growth ETF.
ABS Global Investments, 537 Steamboat Road, Greenwich, CT 06830 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the ABS Insights Emerging Markets Fund.
Item 34. Management Services. Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings. Not applicable.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this registration statement under rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Fort Salonga, and State of New York, on the 23rd day of October, 2025.
| Northern Lights Fund Trust III | ||
| By: | /s/ Brian Curley | |
| Brian Curley, President | ||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the dates indicated.
Northern Lights Fund Trust III
| Name | Title |
| /s/ Brian Curley | President and Principal Executive Officer |
| Richard Gleason* | Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer |
| Patricia Luscombe* | Independent Trustee |
| John V. Palancia* | Independent Trustee |
| Mark H. Taylor* | Independent Trustee |
| Jeffery D. Young* | Independent Trustee |
| *By: | Date: | |
| /s/ Brian Curley | October 23, 2025 | |
| Brian Curley |
| * | Attorney-in-Fact - Pursuant to Powers of Attorney as previously filed on May 30, 2023. |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit | Exhibit No. |
| Legal Consent | (i)(a) |
| Consent of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | (j) |
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