Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 (Form 10-Q)

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, or Quarterly Report. In this Quarterly Report we use the terms, the "Company," "CoreCivic," "we," "us," and "our" to refer to CoreCivic, Inc. and its subsidiaries unless context indicates otherwise.

This Quarterly Report contains statements as to our beliefs and expectations of the outcome of future events that are forward-looking statements as defined within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. All statements other than statements of current or historical fact contained herein, including statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs and plans, and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "projects," "will," and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the statements made. These include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties associated with:

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report may turn out to be inaccurate. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, and financial needs. Our statements can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including the risks, uncertainties, and assumptions described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (including those risks and uncertainties described under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on February 21, 2025, or the 2024 Form 10-K, and in other reports, documents, and other information we file with the SEC from time to time. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report, except as may be required by law. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements.

OVERVIEW

The Company

We are a diversified government solutions company with the scale and experience needed to solve tough government challenges in flexible, cost-effective ways. Through three segments, CoreCivic Safety, CoreCivic Community, and CoreCivic Properties, we provide a broad range of solutions to government partners that serve the public good through corrections and detention management, a network of residential reentry centers to help address America's recidivism crisis, and government real estate solutions. We have been a flexible and dependable partner for government for over 40 years. Our employees are driven by a deep sense of service, high standards of professionalism and a responsibility to help government better the public good.

We are the nation's largest owner of partnership correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities and one of the largest operators of such facilities in the United States. As of September 30, 2025, through our CoreCivic Safety segment, we operated 45 correctional and detention facilities, 41 of which we owned or controlled via a long-term lease, with a total design capacity of approximately 68,000 beds. Through our CoreCivic Community segment, we owned and operated 20 residential reentry centers, which we owned or controlled via a long-term lease, with a total design capacity of approximately 4,000 beds. In addition, through our CoreCivic Properties segment, we owned 5 properties, with a total design capacity of approximately 8,000 beds.

In addition to providing fundamental residential services, our correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities offer a variety of rehabilitation and educational programs, including basic education, faith-based services, life skills and employment training, and substance abuse treatment. These services are intended to help reduce recidivism and to prepare offenders for their successful reentry into society upon their release. We also provide or make available to offenders certain health care (including medical, dental, and mental health services), food services, and work and recreational programs.

We are a Maryland corporation formed in 1983. Our principal executive offices are located at 5501 Virginia Way, Brentwood, Tennessee, 37027, and our telephone number at that location is (615) 263-3000. Our website address is www.corecivic.com. We make available on or through our website certain reports and amendments to those reports that we file with or furnish to the SEC in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Such reports include our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and our definitive proxy statement. We make this information available on our website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC. In addition, we routinely post on the "Investors" page of our website news releases, announcements and other statements about our business and results of operations, some of which may contain information that may be deemed material to investors. Therefore, we encourage investors to monitor the "Investors" page of our website and review the information we post on that page. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference herein and is not part of this Quarterly Report. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at the following address: www.sec.gov.

Upon his inauguration on January 20, 2025, President Trump issued nine executive actions intended to secure the borders of the United States and remove illegal immigrants, prioritizing those with criminal histories. These initial orders included the declaration of a national emergency at the United States southern border. Also included in these executive actions was the issuance of an executive order titled "Protecting the American People Against Invasion" which calls on the federal government to faithfully execute the immigration laws of the United States, including the removal of aliens, particularly those who threaten the safety of the American people. This executive order calls on the Secretary of Homeland Security to "... take all appropriate action and allocate all legally available resources or establish contracts to construct, operate, control, or use facilities to detain removable aliens. The Secretary of Homeland Security, further, shall take all appropriate actions to ensure the detention of aliens apprehended for violations of immigration law pending the outcome of their removal proceedings or their removal from the country, to the extent permitted by law." Effectively, this executive order requires an increase in interior enforcement by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, and directs the Department of Homeland Security, or DHS, to detain those arrested by ICE, pending their removal or adjudication.

In addition, on January 20, 2025, President Trump reversed an executive order issued on January 26, 2021 by then-President Biden that had directed the Attorney General to not renew United States Department of Justice, or DOJ, contracts with privately operated criminal detention facilities. Two agencies of the DOJ, the United States Federal Bureau of Prisons, or BOP, and the United States Marshals Service, or USMS, utilize our services. The BOP houses inmates who have been convicted, and the USMS is generally responsible for detainees who are awaiting trial. This executive order only applied to agencies that are part of the DOJ, which includes the BOP and USMS. We currently have two detention facilities that have direct contracts with the USMS, our second largest customer. Because of the lack of alternative bed capacity, one of the contracts was renewed upon its expiration in September 2023 and now expires in September 2028. The second direct contract was renewed upon its expiration in October 2025 and now expires in September 2030. We currently do not operate any prison contracts for the BOP. ICE facilities were not covered by this executive order, as ICE is an agency of the DHS, not the DOJ. It is possible future administrations could issue executive orders restricting the use of private correctional and detention facilities by the federal government.

Further, on January 29, 2025, President Trump signed into law the Laken Riley Act, which had been passed by Congress with bipartisan support on January 22, 2025. The Laken Riley Act requires ICE to detain certain non-United States nationals who have been charged, arrested, or convicted of crimes including burglary, theft, assault of a law enforcement officer, as well as killing or injuring another person. We believe the Laken Riley Act has contributed to the increased demand for detention beds by ICE, as further described hereinafter.

On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed into law the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, or OBBBA. OBBBA appropriates a total of $75 billion in mandatory funding to ICE for immigration enforcement activities and to increase detention capacity. Specifically, OBBBA appropriates $45 billion for single adult alien detention capacity and family residential center capacity. This funding is a significant increase in funding historically provided to ICE for border security and immigration detention. The funding will remain available through September 30, 2029, and is in addition to base annual appropriations during that time period.

Given the recent legislative and executive actions mentioned above, we believe the short-term growth opportunities of our business are particularly attractive as federal government agencies consider their emergent needs. ICE has begun to utilize additional bed capacity in our portfolio at facilities with existing contracts, we have signed new contracts to activate five previously idled facilities, and we have been in discussion with ICE to activate additional idle facilities. The number of people we care for under contracts with ICE has increased by approximately 3,700 individuals, or 36.9%, from the beginning of the year through September 30, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, we had five idle correctional facilities containing approximately 7,000 beds that are operated with a core staffing complement to remain currently available and that are being actively marketed as solutions to the correctional or detention needs of potential customers.

During the first quarter of 2025, we entered into contract modifications at our 2,016-bed Northeast Ohio Correctional Center in Youngstown, Ohio, our 1,072-bed Nevada Southern Detention Center in Pahrump, Nevada, and our 1,600-bed Cimarron Correctional Facility in Cushing, Oklahoma to collectively add capacity for up to 784 ICE detainees.

On March 5, 2025, we announced that we had agreed under an amendment to an intergovernmental service agreement, or IGSA, to resume operations and care for up to 2,400 individuals at the 2,400-bed Dilley Immigration Processing Center in Dilley, Texas, or the Dilley Facility. The amended IGSA expires in March 2030 and may be further extended through bilateral modification. We began receiving residents at this facility during April 2025. Activation of the Dilley Facility was completed in September 2025. Previously, after nearly ten years of operation, we received notification from ICE on June 10, 2024 of its intent to terminate funding of the IGSA for services at the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024. We did not operate the Dilley Facility from August 9, 2024 until the resumption of operations at the facility on March 5, 2025.

Effective March 7, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with ICE to begin activation efforts at our 1,033-bed Midwest Regional Reception Center in Leavenworth, Kansas. The letter agreement authorized initial funding up to $5.0 million with maximum funding up to $22.6 million for a six-month period while we worked to negotiate and execute a longer-term contract. On September 29, 2025, we announced that we entered into a new contract with ICE effective September 7, 2025. The City of Leavenworth has filed a lawsuit alleging that a Special Use Permit, or SUP, is required to activate the facility, which has resulted in a delay in the intake process. The new agreement, which expires September 6, 2027, provides for a fixed monthly payment plus an incremental per diem payment based on detainee populations, both of which commence once the temporary injunction currently prohibiting the intake of detainees is no longer enforceable. See Note 8 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the pending litigation.

On April 1, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with ICE to begin activation efforts at our 2,560-bed California City Immigration Processing Center, or the California City Facility, formerly known as the California City Correctional Center. The letter agreement authorized initial funding up to $10.0 million with maximum funding up to $31.2 million for a six-month period while we worked to negotiate and execute a long-term contract. We began receiving ICE detainees at our California City Facility during August 2025, under terms of the letter agreement. On September 29, 2025, we announced that we entered into a new two-year contract with ICE effective September 1, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, we cared for approximately 500 individuals at the facility. We currently expect to reach stabilized occupancy in the first quarter of 2026. A non-governmental organization and a detainee have filed a lawsuit alleging that a business license must be obtained to operate the facility and seeks injunctive relief that would include operational interruption at the facility. The Company can provide no assurance that it will obtain a favorable ruling in this matter or predict when this matter will be resolved. See Note 8 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the pending litigation.

On August 14, 2025, we announced that we had been awarded a new contract through an IGSA with ICE to resume operations at our previously idled 600-bed West Tennessee Detention Facility in Mason, Tennessee. The West Tennessee facility had been idle since September 2021. The IGSA expires in August 2030 and may be further extended through bilateral modification. We began receiving ICE detainees at the West Tennessee facility during September 2025 and we expect the facility to be fully activated by the end of the first quarter of 2026.

On October 1, 2025, we announced that we had been awarded a new contract through an IGSA between the Oklahoma Department of Corrections and ICE to resume operations at our previously idled 2,160-bed Diamondback Correctional Facility in Watonga, Oklahoma. The Diamondback facility had been idle since 2010. The new contract commenced on September 30, 2025, expires in August 2030, and may be further extended through bilateral modification. We expect to begin receiving detainees in the first quarter of 2026, with stabilized occupancy estimated to be reached in the second quarter of 2026.

While we believe the legislative and executive actions mentioned above will create long-term needs from our federal partners, we also believe the long-term growth opportunities of our business remain attractive as state and county government agencies consider the efficiency and offender programming opportunities we provide as flexible solutions to satisfy their needs. We have been in discussions with several state and county government agencies that have experienced challenges in staffing their public-sector facilities and are seeking solutions from the private sector. Further, several of our existing government partners, as well as prospective government partners, have been experiencing growth in offender populations and overcrowded conditions. Governments are continuing to assess their need for correctional space, and several are continuing to consider alternative correctional capacity for their aged or inefficient infrastructure, or are seeking cost savings by utilizing the private sector, which could result in increased future demand for the solutions we provide.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. As such, we are required to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that we believe are reasonable based upon the information available which, by their nature, are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from our estimates. A summary of our significant accounting policies is described in our 2024 Form 10-K. The significant accounting policies and estimates which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results include those related to idle facilities and asset impairments, self-funded insurance reserves, and legal reserves. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements"presented in our 2024 Form 10-K. There were no newly identified critical accounting policies during the first nine months of 2025, nor were there any material changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in our 2024 Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our results of operations are impacted by the number of correctional and detention facilities we operated, including 41 we owned and four owned by our government partners (CoreCivic Safety), the number of residential reentry centers we owned and operated (CoreCivic Community), the number of facilities we leased to government agencies (CoreCivic Properties), and the facilities we owned that were not in operation. The following table sets forth the changes in the number of facilities in operation for the periods presented:

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Net income was $26.3 million, or $0.24 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared with net income of $21.1 million, or $0.19 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Net income was $90.0 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared with net income of $49.6 million, or $0.44 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Financial results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 reflect $0.8 million and $2.3 million, respectively, of expenses associated with mergers and acquisitions, as further described hereinafter, an asset impairment of $1.5 million, and a gain on the sale of real estate assets of $2.5 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, income tax expense includes an expense of $0.1 million and reflects a net benefit of $0.4 million, respectively, associated with these special items. Financial results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 reflect a gain on the sale of real estate assets of $1.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and $3.1 million of asset impairments. Financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 also reflect $31.3 million of expenses associated with debt repayments and refinancing transactions. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, income tax expense reflects a net benefit of $0.6 million and $10.2 million, respectively, associated with these special items.

Our Current Operations

Our ongoing operations are organized into three principal business segments:

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, our total segment net operating income, which we define as facility revenue (including interest income associated with finance leases) less operating expenses, was divided among our three business segments as follows:

Facility Operations

A key performance indicator we use to measure the revenue and expenses associated with the operation of the correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities we own or manage is expressed in terms of a compensated man-day, which represents the revenue we generate and expenses we incur for one offender for one calendar day. Revenue and expenses per compensated man-day are computed by dividing facility revenue and expenses by the total number of compensated man-days during the period. A compensated man-day represents a calendar day for which we are paid for the occupancy of an offender. We believe the measurement is useful because we are compensated for operating and managing facilities at an offender per diem rate based upon actual or minimum guaranteed occupancy levels. We also measure our costs on a per compensated man-day basis, which are largely dependent upon the number of offenders we accommodate. Further, per compensated man-day measurements are also used to estimate our potential profitability based on certain occupancy levels relative to design capacity. Revenue and expenses per compensated man-day for all of the correctional, detention, and

residential reentry facilities placed into service that we owned or managed, exclusive of those held for lease, and for TransCor were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Revenue

Total revenue consists of management revenue we generate through CoreCivic Safety and CoreCivic Community in the operation of correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities, as well as the revenue we generate from TransCor and our electronic monitoring and case management services. Total revenue also consists of lease revenue we generate through CoreCivic Properties from facilities we lease to third-party operators. The following table reflects the components of revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in millions):

Total management revenue increased $88.2 million, or 18.1%, and $132.3 million, or 9.1%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, as compared with the same periods in 2024. The increase in total management revenue in both the three- and nine-month periods was primarily a result of an increase in revenue of $45.3 million and $79.1 million, respectively, driven primarily by an increase of 8.7% and 5.3%, respectively, in average revenue per compensated man-day. The increase in average revenue per compensated man-day in both periods primarily resulted from the effect of per diem increases at many of our facilities, along with a change in business mix. In addition, the revenue resulting from the letter agreements with ICE at our California City Facility and our Midwest Regional Reception Center also contributed to the increase in revenue per compensated man-day. The increase in total management revenue in both the three- and nine-month periods was also a result of an increase in revenue of $42.2 million and $52.8 million, respectively, driven by an increase in average daily compensated population from 2024 to 2025, net, in the nine-month period, of the effect of one less day of operations due to a leap year in 2024. Revenue during the three-month period also increased due to the resumption of operations at the Dilley Facility, which had terminated August 9, 2024. However, the IGSA for services at the Dilley Facility was subsequently amended and operations resumed at the facility on March 5, 2025. Revenue declined at this facility during the nine-month period in 2025 compared with the nine-month period in 2024 because in 2025 we were only generating revenue on portions of the facility as it was reactivated, and only from its reactivation date. Revenue generated from our electronic monitoring and case management services during the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased $0.7 million (from $8.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $9.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025). Revenue generated from our electronic monitoring and case management services during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $0.4 million (from $26.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $26.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025).

Average daily compensated population increased 4,479, or 8.8%, to 55,236 during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to 50,757 during the three months ended September 30, 2024. Average daily compensated population increased 2,088, or 4.1%, to 53,577 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to 51,489 during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in average daily compensated population in both periods was primarily a result of an increase in occupancy largely due to higher ICE populations, and as a result of two new management contracts with the state of Montana. In August 2024, we entered into a contract with the state of Montana which contributed to an increase in populations held at our Saguaro Correctional Facility. In addition, on January 16, 2025, we announced that we were awarded a new management contract with the state of Montana to care for additional inmates outside the state of Montana. During the first nine months of 2025, we cared for an average daily population of 206 Montana inmates at our Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility in Mississippi under this new contract. In addition, the increase in average daily compensation in both current periods was impacted by the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center effective July 1, 2025. At September 30, 2025, we cared for 731 individuals at the Farmville facility. The increase in average daily compensated population in the nine-month period was partially offset by the effect of the termination of funding of an IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024. The IGSA was subsequently amended and operations resumed at the Dilley Facility on March 5, 2025. Average compensated populations decreased by 728 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 attributable to the termination of funding of the IGSA at the Dilley Facility. Average compensated occupancy in our Safety and Community segments increased to 76.7% from 75.2% during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and to 76.8% from 74.9% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These increases in occupancy occurred despite an increase in average available beds due to the activation and transfer of our 2,560-bed California City Facility from the Properties segment to the Safety segment effective April 1, 2025. We began receiving ICE detainees at our California City Facility during August 2025 and, as of September 30, 2025, we cared for 500 individuals at the facility.

The solutions we provide to our federal customers, including primarily ICE and the USMS, continue to be a significant component of our business. The federal customers in our Safety and Community segments generated approximately 55% and 51% of our total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, increasing $70.9 million, or 28.3%, during the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared with the same period in 2024. The federal customers in our Safety and Community segments generated approximately 53% and 52% of our total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, increasing $78.6 million, or 10.2%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared with the same period in 2024. The increase in federal revenue was primarily a result of increased occupancy at certain facilities, particularly those where we have contracts with ICE, and per diem increases. The increase in federal revenue in the nine-month period was partially offset by the effect of the termination of funding of the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility in August 2024, and the effect of one less day of operations due to a leap year in 2024.

As previously described herein, several executive and legislative actions have gone into effect since the inauguration of President Trump on January 20, 2025 that have resulted in an increase in the number of people detained by ICE, including in our detention facilities where we have existing contracts. During the first quarter of 2025, we entered into contract modifications at our Northeast Ohio Correctional Center, our Nevada Southern Detention Center, and our Cimarron Correctional Facility to collectively add capacity for up to 784 ICE detainees.

In addition, demand from ICE has resulted in the activation of five previously idled facilities. The following table presents the estimated total annual revenue from each of these facilities and the quarter each activation is expected to reach stabilized occupancy:

State revenues from contracts at correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities that we operate increased $7.1 million, or 3.6%, from the third quarter of 2024 to the third quarter of 2025. State revenues increased $26.8 million, or 4.7%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to the comparable period in 2025. State revenues in both periods increased as a result of per diem increases under a number of our state contracts, as certain states have recognized the need to provide additional funding to address increases in the wages of our employees. Most notably, state revenues increased $10.0 million during the nine-month period in 2025 compared to 2024 due to higher utilization from the state of Montana resulting from two new management contracts executed during 2024 and 2025, as previously described herein, as well as higher utilization from other states under existing management contracts. State revenues also increased $9.2 million during the nine-month period in 2025 compared to 2024 from the state of Georgia due to increases in average daily populations as well as the impact of per diem increases in the current year. The increase in state revenues in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, was partially offset by the effect of one less day of operations due to a leap year in 2024.

The $7.5 million, or 34.9%, decrease in lease revenue from the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to the comparable period in 2025 primarily resulted from the expiration and non-renewal of the lease agreement with the state of California at our California City Facility effective March 31, 2024.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses totaled $449.6 million and $370.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 totaled $1,222.6 million and $1,124.7 million, respectively. Operating expenses consist of those expenses incurred in the operation and management of correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities, as well as those expenses incurred in the operations of TransCor and our electronic monitoring and case management services. Operating expenses also consist of those expenses incurred in the operation of facilities we lease to third-party operators.

Operating expenses incurred by CoreCivic Safety and CoreCivic Community in connection with the operation and management of our correctional, detention, and residential reentry facilities, as well as those incurred in the operations of TransCor and our electronic monitoring and case management services, increased $79.2 million, or 21.5%, during the third quarter of 2025 when compared with the same period in 2024. Expenses incurred by these segments increased $100.5 million, or 9.0%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, when compared to the same period in 2024. Operating expenses in both the three- and nine-month periods increased primarily as a result of wage increases across our portfolio. We achieved higher staffing levels during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same periods in 2024, and we continued to see improvement in our attraction and retention of facility staff in the current labor market. In addition, wages have increased as a result of an increase in our overall staffing levels in response to the increasing demand from the federal government for capacity at our correctional and detention facilities, particularly from ICE, due to recent changes in immigration policies under the current presidential administration. Further, operating expenses increased from the prior year periods as a result of the letter agreements with ICE enabling us to begin activation efforts at our California City Facility and our Midwest Regional Reception Center, as previously described herein, and due to an increase in transportation services expense, which corresponds with the increased populations at certain of our facilities, as well as an overall increase in transportation needs from ICE. In addition, operating expenses increased from the prior year periods as a result of the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center on July 1, 2025, as further described herein.

The increase in operating expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared with the same period in 2024 also includes the effect of the termination of funding of an IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024 and the subsequent resumption of operations at the facility effective March 5, 2025. We leased the Dilley Facility and the site upon which it was constructed from a third-party lessor. The original lease agreement provided us with the ability to terminate the lease with a notification period of at least 60 days if ICE terminated the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility. Upon being notified on June 10, 2024 by ICE of its intent to terminate the funding of the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility, we provided notice to the third-party lessor of our intent to terminate the lease agreement effective August 9, 2024, at which time we had no further lease or material other operating expense commitments associated with the Dilley Facility. However, the IGSA was subsequently amended and operations resumed at the facility on March 5, 2025. Simultaneous with the March 5, 2025 amendment of the IGSA and resumption of operations at the Dilley Facility, we entered into a new lease agreement with the same third-party lessor over a period co-terminus with the term of the amended IGSA.  The new lease agreement contains a graduated lease rate over the first six months consistent with the amended IGSA to correlate with the activation of the five neighborhoods within the facility, as further described hereinafter, resulting in a graduated increase in staffing levels from March 5, 2025 through September 30, 2025 as each of the five neighborhoods were activated. Total operating expenses at this facility increased $21.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared with the same period in the prior year, and increased $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared with the same period in the prior year.

The increase in operating expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 when compared with the same period in 2024 was partially offset by $11.0 million of employee retention credits, or ERCs, recognized during the first half of 2025. The ERCs were made available to eligible businesses that had employees and were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, which was signed into law in March 2020 and was extended through June 30, 2021. The CARES Act, among other things, incentivized companies to retain employees through an ERC, which compensates employers for wages of employees that were retained and could not perform their job duties at 100% capacity as a result of coronavirus pandemic restrictions. The increase in operating expenses in the nine-month period was also partially offset by the effect of one less day of operations due to a leap year in 2024.

Total expenses per compensated man-day increased to $86.22 during the three months ended September 30, 2025 from $77.02 during the three months ended September 30, 2024, and increased to $81.27 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from $77.16 during the same period in the prior year. Expenses per compensated man-day increased from the prior year periods as a result of start-up expenses at our California City Facility, our Midwest Regional Reception Center, and our West Tennessee Detention Facility. We expect expenses per compensated man-day to increase during the fourth quarter of 2025, as a result of start-up expenses at our Diamondback Correctional Facility, in advance of receiving detainee populations.

Further, we continue to experience labor shortages and wage pressures in several markets across the country and have provided customary inflationary wage increases to remain competitive. Although the hiring environment has progressively improved since the COVID-19 pandemic, recruiting remains particularly challenging at certain facilities in particular geographic locations, resulting in incremental expenses to help ensure sufficient staffing levels. While we have been able to reduce the use of these temporary incentives at most facilities due to the improving hiring environment, we expect to continue to incur a certain level of incremental expenses in the future, particularly as demand from the federal government for capacity at our correctional and detention facilities is increasing, particularly from ICE. Incremental expenses include, but may not be limited to, incentive payments to our front-line and field staff, temporary employee housing expenses and other travel related reimbursements, additional paid time off, off-cycle wage increases in certain markets to remain competitive, and registry nursing expenses. These incremental investments have enabled us to increase overall staffing levels, which has contributed to the increase in total expenses per compensated man-day. The increase in total expenses per compensated man-day in both the three- and nine-month periods includes the effect of the termination of the funding of the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024. The IGSA was subsequently amended and operations resumed at the Dilley Facility in March 2025. These incremental operating expenses for the nine-month period were partially offset by the ERCs, as previously mentioned.

We continually monitor compensation levels very closely along with overall economic conditions and will adjust wage levels necessary to help ensure the long-term success of our business. Further, we continually evaluate the structure of our employee benefits package and training programs to ensure we are better able to attract and retain our employees. Salaries and benefits represent the most significant component of our operating expenses, representing approximately 62% of our total operating expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. An inability to attract and retain sufficient personnel could prevent us from caring for additional residential populations for government agencies in need of additional capacity due to an increase in populations or an inability to adequately staff their facilities. An inability to attract and retain sufficient personnel in our existing facilities could also cause our government partners to assess liquidated damages, reduce our residential populations, or in certain circumstances, cancel our contracts. We have also been subjected to revenue deductions for staff vacancies as a result of the labor shortages, which are reflected as reductions to other management revenue. Estimating revenue deduction amounts due to staff vacancies can be complex and subject to management judgment and estimations. Some of our government partners have granted waivers for revenue deductions for staff vacancies in

recognition of the unique and challenging labor market, while others have discretionarily adjusted such deductions based on our extraordinary costs, efforts and incentive programs implemented to attract and retain staff.

Variable expenses per compensated man-day increased to $22.79 during the three months ended September 30, 2025, from $19.42 during the same period in the prior year, or 17.4%, and increased to $21.70 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from $20.09 during the same period in the prior year, or 8.0%. The increase in variable expenses per compensated man-day in both periods was primarily due to the aforementioned start-up expenses at three previously idle facilities, combined with the effect of an elevated inflation rate applicable to all of our variable expenses, partially offset in the nine-month period by the effect of the termination of the funding of the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024. The IGSA was subsequently amended and operations resumed at the Dilley Facility on March 5, 2025. In addition, variable expenses per compensated man-day increased from the prior year quarter due to an increase in transportation services expense, which corresponds with the increased populations at certain of our facilities, as well as an overall increase in transportation needs from ICE.

Operating expenses incurred by CoreCivic Properties in connection with facilities we lease to third-party operators decreased $2.5 million, or 24.5%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 when compared with the same period in 2024. The decrease was primarily a result of the expiration and non-renewal of the lease agreement at our California City Facility effective March 31, 2024. The California City Facility transitioned from our Properties segment to our Safety segment during the second quarter of 2025, as we entered into an agreement with ICE to reactivate and operate the facility.

Facility Management Contracts

We enter into facility management contracts to provide bed capacity and management services to governmental entities in our CoreCivic Safety and CoreCivic Community segments for terms typically ranging from one to five years, with additional renewal periods at the option of the contracting governmental agency. Accordingly, a substantial portion of our facility management contracts are scheduled to expire each year, notwithstanding contractual renewal options that a government agency may exercise. Although we generally expect these customers to exercise renewal options or negotiate new contracts with us, one or more of these contracts may not be renewed by the corresponding governmental agency. Further, our government partners can generally terminate our management contracts for non-appropriation of funds or for convenience.

During 2024, ICE issued a request for proposal, or RFP, for up to 600 beds in New Jersey. We have offered the 300-bed Elizabeth Detention Center under this RFP. Our management contract at the Elizabeth Detention Center has continued under numerous short-term extensions, including most recently through December 31, 2025, with additional extension options through March 31, 2026. We continue to discuss the terms of a long-term contract with ICE, but can provide no assurance that we will be awarded a new contract, or that ICE will continue to sign extensions. We generated total revenue of $5.7 million and $17.0 million at this facility during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. At September 30, 2025, we cared for approximately 300 detainees at this facility under terms of the most recently extended contract.

Based on information available as of the date of this Quarterly Report, we believe we will renew all contracts with our government partners that have expired or are scheduled to expire within the next twelve months that could have a material adverse impact on our financial statements. We believe our renewal rate on existing contracts remains high due to a variety of reasons including, but not limited to, the constrained supply of available beds within the U.S. correctional system, our ownership of the majority of the beds we operate, and the cost effectiveness of the services we provide. However, we can provide no assurance that we will continue to achieve high renewal rates in the future.

CoreCivic Safety

CoreCivic Safety includes the operating results of the correctional and detention facilities that we operated during each period. Total revenue generated by CoreCivic Safety increased $85.8 million, or 18.7%, from $459.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $545.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and increased $130.2 million, or 9.5%, from $1,372.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $1,502.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. CoreCivic Safety's facility net operating income increased $6.6 million, or 5.7%, from $115.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $122.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and increased $28.6 million or 8.6% from $330.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $359.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, CoreCivic Safety generated 92.1% and 92.0%, respectively, of our total segment net operating income, compared with 94.3% and 90.9%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table displays the revenue and expenses per compensated man-day for CoreCivic Safety's correctional and detention facilities placed into service that we own and manage and for the facilities we manage but do not own, inclusive of the transportation services provided by TransCor:

Operating margins in the CoreCivic Safety segment were negatively impacted during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 by start-up expenses incurred during the activation of our previously idled 2,560-bed California City Facility, our 1,033-bed Midwest Regional Reception Center, and our 600-bed West Tennessee Detention Facility, in advance of receiving detainee populations. These three facilities are currently in various stages of activation, resulting in facility operating losses of $3.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025. We anticipate our California City Facility and West Tennessee Facility will contribute to an increase in operating margins in future quarters. The Midwest Regional Reception Center will also contribute to an increase in operating margins in future quarters if the temporary injunction currently prohibiting the intake of detainees is no longer enforceable. However, we can provide no assurance that we will obtain a favorable ruling in these matters or predict when these matters will be resolved. Fixed revenue we received under letter agreements at the California City Facility and Midwest Regional Reception Center during the second and third quarters of 2025 was more than offset by increasing staffing levels and other start-up expenses at these facilities during the third quarter of 2025. As further described hereinafter, on September 29, 2025, we announced that we entered into new longer-term contracts at both of these facilities that became effective in September 2025. Operating margins were also impacted by the termination of funding of the IGSA for services at the Dilley Facility, effective August 9, 2024, as previously described herein. The operating margin at the Dilley Facility exceeded the average operating margin of our portfolio due to the size and scalability of expenses, and due to the unique design and specialized services provided at the facility. Accordingly, the termination of funding of the IGSA associated with the Dilley Facility had a negative impact on operating margins following the termination date. On March 5, 2025, we announced that we had agreed under an amendment to the IGSA to resume operations and care for up to 2,400 individuals at the Dilley Facility. The amended IGSA provides for a fixed monthly payment in accordance with a graduated schedule during the first six months of the agreement to correlate with the activation of the five neighborhoods within the facility, each designed to accommodate up to 480 individuals. Activation of the Dilley Facility was completed in September 2025, which is expected to contribute to an increase in operating margins in future quarters. Total annual revenue generated by the Dilley Facility, as fully activated, is expected to be approximately $180 million.

Operating margins in the current year were also temporarily negatively impacted by labor shortages and increased demand-especially from ICE as a result of changes in federal immigration policy-which required above-average wage increases and additional incentives (such as bonuses, housing, and travel reimbursements) to attract and retain staff. Although some temporary incentives have been reduced, ongoing and potentially increased staffing costs are expected as labor demand continues to rise in order to meet customer demand for additional bed capacity, particularly from ICE. The negative impact of higher labor-related expenses has been largely offset by per diem increases at many of our facilities. We have received per diem increases as a result of additional government appropriations funding to address increases in the wages of our employees, and we have been able to achieve higher per diems under new contracts to help ensure we can hire staff at market-clearing wage rates in order to accept detainee populations as quickly as possible. Operating margins during the nine-month period were also positively impacted by ERCs received in the Safety segment amounting to $10.6 million during the first half of 2025.

We currently expect demand from the federal government for correctional and detention facilities in our Safety segment to further increase under the current presidential administration, particularly from ICE, as a result of changes in immigration policy and funding levels of our federal government partners charged with correctional and detention responsibilities, as previously described herein. This

anticipated increase in demand could result in even higher utilization of our available capacity under existing contracts, as well as through new contracts utilizing our idle correctional and detention facilities or our other existing capacity. For example, during the first quarter of 2025, we entered into contract modifications at our 2,016-bed Northeast Ohio Correctional Center in Youngstown, Ohio, our 1,072-bed Nevada Southern Detention Center in Pahrump, Nevada, and our 1,600-bed Cimarron Correctional Facility in Cushing, Oklahoma to collectively add capacity for up to 784 ICE detainees. However, we can provide no assurance that the federal government will continue to increase the utilization of our available capacity. Further the activation of our idle correctional and detention facilities generally requires four to six months to hire, train, and prepare our facilities to accept residential populations, which, depending on the contract structure, could result in substantial expense before we are able to realize additional revenue.

On August 14, 2025, we announced that we had been awarded a new contract through an IGSA with ICE to resume operations at our previously idled West Tennessee Detention Facility in Mason, Tennessee. The West Tennessee facility had been idle since September 2021. The IGSA expires in August 2030 and may be further extended through bilateral modification. The agreement provides for a fixed monthly payment plus an incremental per diem payment based on detainee populations. We began receiving ICE detainees at the West Tennessee facility during September 2025. Revenue generated at the West Tennessee facility amounted to $4.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. Total annual revenue once the facility is fully activated, expected to be complete by the end of the first quarter of 2026, is anticipated to be approximately $30.0 million.

On December 6, 2022, we received notice from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, or CDCR, of its intent to terminate the lease agreement for our California City Facility by March 31, 2024, due to the state's declining inmate population. The California City Facility, which was reported at that time in our Properties segment, was idled effective April 1, 2024. Effective April 1, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with ICE to begin activation efforts at the California City Facility. The letter agreement authorized initial funding up to $10.0 million with maximum funding up to $31.2 million for a six-month period while we worked to negotiate and execute a longer-term contract. Because we are now operating the facility rather than leasing it, the California City Facility transitioned from our Properties segment to our Safety segment during the second quarter of 2025. We began receiving ICE detainees at our California City Facility during August 2025 under terms of the letter agreement. On September 29, 2025, we announced that we entered into a new two-year contract with ICE to utilize the California City Facility, effective September 1, 2025. Revenue generated at the California City Facility amounted to $11.0 million and $19.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, we cared for 500 individuals at the facility. We currently expect activation of the facility to be complete in the first quarter of 2026. Total annual revenue once the activation is complete is expected to be approximately $130.0 million.

Effective March 7, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with ICE to begin activation efforts at our Midwest Regional Reception Center in Leavenworth, Kansas. The letter agreement authorized initial funding up to $5.0 million with maximum funding up to $22.6 million for a six-month period while we worked to negotiate and execute a long-term contract. Revenue generated by the letter agreement with ICE at the Midwest Regional Reception Center amounted to $3.2 million and $8.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. On September 29, 2025, we announced that we entered into a new two-year contract with ICE to utilize the Midwest Regional Reception Center, effective September 7, 2025. Although we have been successful in hiring staff and have prepared the facility to accept detainees, the intake process has been delayed by legal challenges. The new agreement provides for a fixed monthly payment plus an incremental per diem payment based on detainee populations, both of which commence once the temporary injunction currently prohibiting the intake of detainees is no longer enforceable. Total annual revenue once the facility is fully activated is expected to be approximately $60.0 million. However, we can provide no assurance that we will obtain a favorable ruling in these matters or predict when these matters will be resolved. Because we expect to continue hiring staff to prepare to accept detainee populations, margins will be negatively impacted until we are able to generate revenue through the receipt of detainees under the new contract. We will offer newly hired employees opportunities to be redeployed at our other activations until the legal challenges are resolved.

On October 1, 2025, we announced that we had been awarded a new contract through an IGSA between the Oklahoma Department of Corrections and ICE to resume operations at our previously idled 2,160-bed Diamondback Correctional Facility in Watonga, Oklahoma. The Diamondback facility had been idle since 2010. The new contract commenced on September 30, 2025, expires in August 2030, and may be further extended through bilateral modification. We expect to incur start-up expenses until we begin receiving detainees in the first quarter of 2026, with stabilized occupancy estimated to be reached in the second quarter of 2026. The agreement provides for a fixed monthly payment plus an incremental per diem payment based on detainee populations. Total annual revenue once the facility reaches stabilized occupancy is expected to be approximately $100 million.

On July 1, 2025, we acquired the Farmville Detention Center, a 736-bed facility located in Farmville, Virginia. The acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center was consummated through the acquisition of 100% of the membership interests in entities that owned and operated the facility. The aggregate purchase price was $71.4 million, including the acquisition of working capital accounts, but excluding $2.0 million of transaction-related expenses. The Farmville Detention Center provides transportation, care, and civil detention services to adult male non-citizens through an IGSA with ICE, which expires in March 2029, and is expected to result in total annual

incremental revenue of approximately $40.0 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we generated total revenue at this facility of $10.8 million.

On August 1, 2024, we entered into a management contract with the state of Montana to care for an unspecified number of inmates at facilities we operate. The contract is scheduled to expire on July 31, 2026, and may be extended by mutual agreement for a total term of up to seven years. As of September 30, 2025, we cared for 362 inmates from the state of Montana at our Saguaro facility under this management contract, along with another similar contract with the state of Montana that was entered into during the fourth quarter of 2023. On January 16, 2025, we announced that we were awarded a new management contract with the state of Montana to care for additional inmates outside the state of Montana. As of September 30, 2025, we cared for 239 inmates from the state of Montana at our Tallahatchie facility in Mississippi under this new contract. This latest contract with Montana expands the geographic range of our facilities that can serve the state of Montana, where we also manage the fully occupied company-owned Crossroads Correctional Center in Shelby, Montana for the state of Montana pursuant to a separate management contract. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, management revenue from the state of Montana at the Saguaro and Tallahatchie facilities increased $3.2 million and $9.9 million, respectively.

CoreCivic Community

CoreCivic Community includes the operating results of the residential reentry centers that we operated during each period, along with the operating results of our electronic monitoring and case management services. Total revenue generated by CoreCivic Community increased $2.4 million, or 8.7%, from $28.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $30.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and increased $2.1 million, or 2.4%, from $88.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $90.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. CoreCivic Community's facility net operating income increased $2.5 million, or 69.1%, from $3.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $6.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and increased $3.3 million, or 21.0%, from $15.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $18.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, CoreCivic Community generated 4.6% and 4.8%, respectively, of our total segment net operating income, compared with 2.9% and 4.2%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table displays the revenue and expenses per compensated man-day for CoreCivic Community's residential reentry facilities placed into service that we own and manage, but exclusive of the electronic monitoring and case management services given that revenue is not generated on a per compensated man-day basis for these services:

Operating margins in our CoreCivic Community segment were positively impacted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 by an increase in average revenue per compensated man-day, which increased from the comparable prior year periods primarily as a result of per diem increases at several of our facilities, as well as for ERCs received in the Community segment amounting to $0.4 million during the first half of 2025. In addition, variable expenses per compensated man-day decreased from the comparable prior year periods as a result of a settlement of a legal matter at a facility in the Community segment recognized during the third quarter of 2024. The effect on operating margins of the increased average revenue per compensated man-day, the ERCs, and the decrease in variable expenses per compensated man-day was partially offset by increased fixed expenses per man-day, which were driven primarily by higher wage rates and inflationary increases in other fixed expenses. Because facilities in our Community segment are typically smaller in size

than those in our Safety segment, occupancy fluctuations have a larger impact on operating margin per compensated man-day. Accordingly, modest changes in occupancy can have a notable impact in our Community segment.

In January 2024, we completed the sale of the 120-bed Dahlia Facility, a residential reentry center in Denver, Colorado. We continued to operate the Dahlia facility through the expiration of the management contract in June 2024. In July 2024, we completed the sale of the idled 390-bed Tulsa Transitional Center, a residential reentry center in Tulsa, Oklahoma. In September 2025, we completed the sale of the idled 60-bed Columbine Facility in Denver, Colorado, which broke even during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, these three facilities incurred facility net operating losses totaling $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we and Boulder County, Colorado entered into a short-term extension through January 2026 of the contract at our Longmont Community Treatment Center in Longmont, Colorado. Upon expiration of the contract, Boulder County intends to transfer the residential population to a new sentencing facility it is constructing. We have engaged a broker and are committed to a process to sell the Longmont facility resulting in the classification of the facility as held for sale as of September 30, 2025. This facility broke even during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and generated facility net operating income of $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

CoreCivic Properties

CoreCivic Properties includes the operating results of the properties we leased to government agencies during each period. Total revenue generated by CoreCivic Properties increased $0.6 million, from $4.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $4.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and decreased $7.5 million, from $21.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $14.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. CoreCivic Properties' facility net operating income increased $1.1 million, from $1.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 to $2.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025, and decreased $5.0 million, from $11.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $6.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, CoreCivic Properties generated 3.3% and 3.2%, respectively, of our total segment net operating income compared with 2.8% and 4.9%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On December 6, 2022, we received notice from the CDCR of its intent to terminate the lease agreement for our 2,560-bed California City Facility by March 31, 2024, due to the state's declining inmate population. The California City Facility was idled effective April 1, 2024. Effective April 1, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with ICE to begin activation efforts at the California City Facility, and on September 29, 2025, we announced that we were awarded a new two-year contract at this facility. We began receiving detainees at the California City facility in August 2025, and currently expect the activation to be complete in the first quarter of 2026. Because we are now operating the facility rather than leasing it, the California City Facility transitioned from our Properties segment to our Safety segment during the second quarter of 2025. Rental revenue generated from the CDCR at the California City Facility was $8.5 million during the period the lease was active in 2024. Facility net operating loss was $0.9 million and facility net operating income was $5.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, including carrying expenses we continued to incur following the lease termination. Facility net operating loss was $0.9 million during the first quarter of 2025 at the California City Facility while the facility was still being reported in our Properties segment.

General and administrative expenses

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, general and administrative expenses totaled $45.3 million and $41.2 million, respectively, while general and administrative expenses totaled $125.2 million and $111.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of corporate management salaries and benefits, professional fees, and other administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 when compared to the same periods in 2024 primarily as a result of an increasein corporate salaries and benefits, which was largely related to higher incentive-based compensation. In addition, general and administrative expenses increased in both periods as a result of $0.8 million and $2.3 million of expenses incurred in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, associated with mergers and acquisitions, including primarily the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center on July 1, 2025.

Depreciation and amortization

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation and amortization expense totaled $33.4 million and $32.2 million, respectively, while depreciation and amortization expense totaled $95.0 million and $96.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense increased in the three-month period primarily as a result of the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center on July 1, 2025. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense

resulting from the Farmville facility acquisition in the nine-month period was more than offset primarily by the effect of certain assets, including certain information technology assets, becoming fully depreciated. Further, we have begun to make more investments in "software as a service", or SaaS, technology, which reduces our need to install, maintain, and update certain software applications, but often results in higher operating expenses.

Asset impairments

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we and Boulder County, Colorado entered into a short-term extension through January 2026 of the contract at our Longmont Community Treatment Center in Longmont, Colorado, a facility in our Community segment. Upon expiration of the contract, Boulder County intends to transfer the residential population to a new sentencing facility it is constructing. We have engaged a broker and are committed to a process to sell the Longmont facility resulting in the need to test the facility for impairment. As a result, an impairment charge of $1.5 million was recognized during the third quarter of 2025 to reduce the net book value of the Longmont facility to its estimated fair value.

During the third quarter of 2024, we recognized an impairment charge of $3.1 million associated with the terminations of the IGSA and lease agreement with respect to the Dilley Facility effective August 9, 2024.

Interest expense, net and expenses associated with debt repayments and refinancing transactions

Interest expense is reported net of interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Gross interest expense was $19.1 million and $18.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was $55.9 million and $61.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Gross interest expense was based on outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility, or Revolving Credit Facility, our outstanding term loan, or Term Loan, or collectively, our Bank Credit Facility, our outstanding senior unsecured notes, and our outstanding non-recourse mortgage note, as well as the amortization of loan costs and unused facility fees. Gross interest income was $2.5 million and $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was $11.5 million and $9.3 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Gross interest income is earned on notes receivable, investments, cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash. Interest income also includes interest income associated with the 20-year finance receivable associated with the Lansing Correctional Facility lease to the Kansas Department of Corrections, which commenced in January 2020, and amounted to $2.0 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $6.1 million and $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, interest income also included $3.7 million for interest collected from the Internal Revenue Service on our ERCs. Net interest expense during the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased when compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to a higher average outstanding debt balance, primarily due to increased borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. Net interest expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased when compared to the same period in 2025 as a result of a decrease in our average outstanding debt balance combined with a decrease in the interest rates associated with our debt, as further described hereinafter, along with interest income associated with the ERCs.

On March 12, 2024, we completed an underwritten registered public offering of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8.25% senior unsecured notes due in April 2029, or the 8.25% Senior Notes. During March and April 2024, we used the net proceeds from the offering, along with cash on hand, to tender and redeem in full our remaining 8.25% senior unsecured notes due in April 2026, amounting to $593.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded charges totaling $31.3 million associated with the cash tender offer and redemption of such senior unsecured notes.

Based on our total leverage ratio, during the first quarter of 2024, interest on loans under our Bank Credit Facility bore interest at a base rate plus a margin of 2.25% or at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or Term SOFR, plus a margin of 3.25%, and a commitment fee equal to 0.45% of the unfunded balance of the Revolving Credit Facility. Based on our total leverage ratio as of March 31, 2024, during the second quarter of 2024, the interest rate spread for base rate loans declined to 2.00%, the interest rate spread for Term SOFR loans was reduced to 3.00%, and the commitment fee decreased to 0.40%. Based on our total leverage ratio as of June 30, 2024 and each quarter since then, the interest rate spread for base rate loans further declined to 1.75%, the interest rate spread for Term SOFR loans was reduced to 2.75%, and the commitment fee decreased to 0.35%.

Gain on sale of real estate assets, net

Gain on sale of real estate assets, net during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, includes a $2.5 million gain on the sale of our idled Columbine Facility in September 2025. Gain on sale of real estate assets, net during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, includes a $1.2 million gain on the sale of our idled 390-bed Tulsa Transitional Center in July 2024. Gain on sale of real estate assets, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 also includes a $0.5 million gain on the sale of our 120-bed Dahlia Facility in January 2024. During the first quarter of 2024, we also sold an unused parcel of land in Texas generating net sales proceeds of $0.2 million and resulting in a gain on sale of $0.1 million reported in the first quarter of 2024.

Income tax expense

We recorded an income tax expense of $10.3 million and $9.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $30.9 million and $17.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The income tax expense related to operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was net of an income tax benefit associated with stock-based compensation vesting during the first quarter of each year. Income tax expense related to operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 also included an income tax expense of $0.1 million and was net of an income tax benefit of $0.4 million, respectively, associated with asset impairments and the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center, net of the gain on sale of real estate assets, all as previously described herein.

In addition, income tax expense related to operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was net of an income tax benefit of $0.6 million and $10.2 million, respectively, for expenses associated with asset impairments and, in the nine-month period, debt repayments and refinancing transactions, net of the gain on sale of real estate assets, all as previously described herein.

Our effective tax rate could fluctuate in the future based on changes in estimates of taxable income, the implementation of additional tax planning strategies, changes in federal or state tax rates or laws affecting tax credits available to us, changes in other tax laws, limits on certain deductible expenses, changes in estimates related to uncertain tax positions, or changes in state apportionment factors, as well as changes in the valuation allowance applied to our deferred tax assets that are based primarily on the amount of state net operating losses and tax credits that could expire unused.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our principal capital requirements are for working capital, capital expenditures, and debt service payments, as well as outstanding commitments and contingencies, as further discussed in the notes to our financial statements. We may also use our free cash flow to purchase our outstanding debt in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, or to return capital to our shareholders, which could include share repurchases and/or future dividends. Any future dividend is subject to our Board of Directors', or BODs', determinations as to the amount of distributions and the timing thereof, as well as limitations under the Company's debt covenants. Any such debt repurchases will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual requirements, applicable securities laws requirements, alternative opportunities to deploy capital, and other factors.

During 2022, the BOD approved a share repurchase program to purchase up to $225.0 million of our common stock, which has subsequently been increased to up to $500.0 million through a series of increases, including most recently a $150.0 million increase on May 15, 2025. Repurchases of our outstanding common stock are made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be made at our discretion based on parameters set by our BOD from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise. The share repurchase program has no time limit and does not obligate us to purchase any particular amount of our common stock. The authorization for the share repurchase program may be terminated, suspended, increased or decreased by the BOD in its discretion at any time. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we completed the repurchase of 5.9 million shares of our common stock at a total cost of $121.0 million, or $20.60 per share, excluding costs associated with the share repurchase program, including 1.9 million shares at an aggregate cost of $40.0 million during the third quarter of 2025. As of September 30, 2025, we had repurchased a total of 20.4 million common shares at an aggregate cost of $302.1 million, or $14.81 per share, using cash on hand and cash provided by operations, and had $197.9 million of repurchase authorization available under the share repurchase program.

We may also pursue attractive growth opportunities, including new development opportunities in our Properties segment, to meet the need to modernize outdated correctional infrastructure across the country, and explore potential opportunities to expand the scope of non-residential correctional alternatives we provide in our Community segment. We may also consider other opportunities for growth, including, but not limited to, potential acquisitions of correctional and detention facilities and businesses within our lines of business and those that provide complementary services, provided we believe such opportunities will enhance our business, diversify our cash flows, and/or increase the services we can provide to our customers, or when we believe the potential long-term returns justify the capital deployment. On July 1, 2025, we acquired the Farmville Detention Center, a 736-bed facility located in Farmville, Virginia. The acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center was consummated through the acquisition of 100% of the membership interests in entities that owned and operated the facility and was funded with cash on hand and borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. The aggregate purchase price was $71.4 million, including the acquisition of working capital accounts, but excluding $2.0 million of transaction-related expenses. The Farmville Detention Center provides transportation, care, and civil detention services to adult male non-citizens through an IGSA with ICE, which expires in March 2029, and is expected to result in total annual incremental revenue of approximately $40.0 million.

Further, we have internally approved $97.5 million to $99.5 million of capital expenditures representing an investment above and beyond our annual capital budget associated with previously idled facilities we are activating and for additional potential idle facility activations, in order to prepare these facilities to quickly accept residential populations if opportunities arise, as well as to provide increased transportation services. Through September 30, 2025, we have invested $51.6 million of capital expenditures related to facility activations and transportation vehicles. We could decide to incur additional capital expenditures in anticipation of additional activations if we have better visibility on specific needs and if the lead time to complete the capital expenditures exceeds the period needed to hire, train, and prepare a facility to accept residential populations.

With the extensively aged criminal justice infrastructure in the U.S. today, we believe we can bring real estate and financing solutions to government agencies as we did in connection with the construction of the Lansing Correctional Facility that commenced operations in January 2020. We financed the construction of the Lansing Correctional Facility 100% with project specific financing, requiring no equity commitment from us. We believe we can also provide other real estate solutions to government agencies faced with extensively aged criminal justice infrastructure, including "turn-key" solutions as well as real estate only solutions to government agencies that need correctional capacity where they prefer to operate the facility. Most real estate only solutions would not require material capital expenditures if we have existing capacity. However, in the future we could incur capital expenditures to provide replacement capacity for government agencies that have extensively aged criminal justice infrastructure and are in need of new capacity.

As of September 30, 2025, we had cash on hand of $56.6 million, and $191.4 million available under our Revolving Credit Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we generated $195.0 million and $229.9 million, respectively, in cash through operating activities. We currently expect to be able to meet our cash expenditure requirements for the next year and beyond utilizing cash on hand, cash flows from operations, and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2025, we have no debt maturities until October 2027.

Our cash flow is subject to the receipt of sufficient funding of and timely payment by contracting governmental entities. If the appropriate governmental agency does not receive sufficient appropriations to cover its contractual obligations, it may terminate our contract or delay or reduce payment to us. Delays in payment from our major customers, which could include the deferral of payments to us during government shutdowns, or the termination of contracts from our major customers could have an adverse effect on our cash flow and financial condition. We continue to experience delays in payments from our federal customers during the most recent government shutdown, even though we are required to continue to perform under our government contracts. As with prior government shutdowns, our federal customers are required to pay us for services we perform during government shutdowns, with interest, once the government reopens and resumes operations. If needed, we believe we have access to additional capital resources, such as by exercising the accordion feature to increase the availability under our Bank Credit Facility (subject to, among other things, the receipt of commitments for the increased amount), or using our effective shelf registration statement to issue additional debt securities, in order meet our future cash expenditure requirements and take advantage of growth opportunities and to continue repurchasing our shares of stock under our share repurchase program.

Debt

As of September 30, 2025, we had $238.5 million remaining aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 4.75% senior unsecured notes issued in October 2017 with an original principal amount of $250.0 million, or the 4.75% Senior Notes, and $500.0 million principal amount outstanding of the 8.25% Senior Notes, or collectively, the Senior Notes. In addition, we had $135.8 million outstanding under the Kansas Notes with a fixed stated interest rate of 4.43%, $114.1 million outstanding under our Term Loan with a variable interest rate of 7.0%, and $65.0 million outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility with a variable interest rate of 7.0%. We also had $18.6 million of letters of credit outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, our total weighted average effective interest rate was 6.9%, while our total weighted average maturity was 4.5

years. We have no debt maturities until October 2027. In the future, we could elect to use our free cash flow to purchase outstanding senior unsecured notes in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. We could also use our effective shelf registration statement to issue additional debt securities when we determine that market conditions and the opportunity to utilize the proceeds therefrom are favorable.

Operating Activities

Our net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $195.0 million, compared with $229.9 million for the same period in the prior year. Cash provided by operating activities represents the year-to-date net income plus depreciation and amortization, changes in various components of working capital, and various non-cash charges. Cash provided by operating activities was unfavorably impacted by a decrease in cash caused by changes in working capital balances of $70.9 million in the first nine months of 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year, partially offset by an increase in facility net operating income of $26.8 million.

Investing Activities

Our net cash flow used in investing activities was $166.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and was primarily attributable to capital expenditures for facility development and expansions of $6.3 million and $92.9 million for facility maintenance improvements and information technology capital expenditures, of which $51.6 million was for facility activations and transportation vehicles. Our net cash flow used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 also included $73.4 million attributable to the acquisition of the Farmville Detention Center, partially offset by $3.7 million in net proceeds from the sale of assets, each as previously described herein. Our net cash flow used in investing activities was $34.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and was primarily attributable to capital expenditures for facility development and expansions of $7.3 million and $41.6 million for facility maintenance improvements and information technology capital expenditures, partially offset by $11.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of assets.

Financing Activities

Our net cash flow used in financing activities was $78.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and was attributable to $9.0 million of scheduled principal repayments under our Term Loan and our non-recourse mortgage note. Our net cash flow used in financing activities also included $133.9 million for the share repurchase program our BOD authorized during the second quarter of 2022, as well as the purchase and retirement of stock to satisfy withholding taxes in connection with equity-based compensation. These cash outflows were partially offset by $65.0 million of net borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Our net cash flow used in financing activities was $206.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and was primarily attributable to debt repayments related to the $593.1 million tender and redemption of 8.25% senior notes due in April 2026, and $34.9 million of payments of debt defeasance, issuance and other financing related costs. In addition, our net cash flow used in financing activities was attributable to $8.7 million of scheduled principal repayments under our Term Loan and our non-recourse mortgage note. Our net cash flow used in financing activities also included $69.2 million for the share repurchase program, as well as the purchase and retirement of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes in connection with equity-based compensation. Our net cash flow used in financing activities was partially offset by the $500.0 million gross proceeds from the issuance of the 8.25% Senior Notes.

Supplemental Guarantor Information

All of the domestic subsidiaries of CoreCivic (as the parent corporation) that guarantee the Bank Credit Facility have provided full and unconditional guarantees of our Senior Notes. All of CoreCivic's subsidiaries guaranteeing the Senior Notes are 100% owned direct or indirect subsidiaries of CoreCivic, and the subsidiary guarantees are full and unconditional and are joint and several obligations of the guarantors.

As of September 30, 2025, neither CoreCivic nor any of its subsidiary guarantors had any material or significant restrictions on CoreCivic's ability to obtain funds from its subsidiaries by dividend or loan or to transfer assets from such subsidiaries.

The indentures governing our Senior Notes contain certain customary covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and qualifications, restrict CoreCivic's ability to, among other things, create or permit to exist certain liens and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of CoreCivic's assets. In addition, if CoreCivic experiences specific kinds of changes in control, CoreCivic must offer to repurchase all or a portion of the Senior Notes. The offer price for the Senior Notes in connection with a change in control would be 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the notes repurchased to the date of purchase. The indenture related to our 8.25% Senior Notes additionally limits our ability to incur indebtedness, make restricted payments and investments and prepay certain indebtedness.

The following tables present summarized information for CoreCivic and the subsidiary guarantors, on a combined basis after elimination of (i) intercompany transactions and balances among CoreCivic and the subsidiary guarantors and (ii) equity in earnings from, and any investments in, any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor (in thousands).

Funds from Operations

Funds From Operations, or FFO, is a widely accepted supplemental non-GAAP measure utilized to evaluate the operating performance of real estate companies. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from sales of property and extraordinary items, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate and impairment of depreciable real estate and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures calculated to reflect funds from operations on the same basis. As a company with extensive real estate holdings, we believe FFO is an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs and other real estate operating companies, many of which present FFO when reporting results.

We also present Normalized FFO as an additional supplemental measure as we believe it is more reflective of our core operating performance. We may make adjustments to FFO from time to time for certain other income and expenses that we consider non-recurring, infrequent or unusual, even though such items may require cash settlement, because such items do not reflect a necessary or ordinary component of our ongoing operations. Normalized FFO excludes the effects of such items.

FFO and Normalized FFO are supplemental non-GAAP financial measures of real estate companies' operating performance, which do not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered an alternative for net income or as a measure of liquidity. Our method of calculating FFO and Normalized FFO may be different from methods used by other REITs and real estate operating companies and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such REITs and other real estate operating companies.

Our reconciliation of net income to FFO and Normalized FFO for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):

Material Cash Requirements

The following schedule summarizes our contractual cash obligations by the indicated period as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):

The cash obligations in the table above do not include future cash obligations for variable interest expense associated with our Term Loan or the balance outstanding on our Revolving Credit Facility, if any, as projections would be based on future outstanding balances as well as future variable interest rates, and we are unable to make reliable estimates of either. Certain of our other ongoing construction projects are not currently under contract and thus are not included as a contractual obligation above as we may generally suspend or terminate such projects without substantial penalty. With respect to the Dilley Facility, the cash obligations included in the table above

reflect the full contractual obligations of the lease of the site, excluding contingent payments, even though the lease agreement provides us with the ability to terminate if ICE terminates the amended IGSA associated with the facility.

We had $18.6 million of letters of credit outstanding at September 30, 2025 primarily to support our requirement to repay fees and claims under our self-insured workers' compensation plan in the event we do not repay the fees and claims due in accordance with the terms of the plan, and for a debt service reserve requirement under terms of the Kansas Notes. The letters of credit are renewable annually. We did not have any draws under these outstanding letters of credit during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 or 2024.

INFLATION

Many of our contracts include provisions for inflationary indexing, which may mitigate an adverse impact of inflation on net income. However, a substantial increase in personnel costs, workers' compensation, utilities, food, and medical expenses could have an adverse impact on our results of operations in the future to the extent that these expenses increase at a faster pace than the per diem or fixed rates we receive for our management services. We outsource our food service operations to a third party. The contract with our outsourced food service vendor contains certain protections against increases in food costs.

SEASONALITY AND QUARTERLY RESULTS

Certain aspects of our business are subject to seasonal fluctuations. Because we are generally compensated for operating and managing correctional, detention, and reentry facilities at a per diem rate, our financial results are impacted by the number of calendar days in a fiscal quarter. Our fiscal year follows the calendar year and therefore, our daily profits for the third and fourth quarters include two more days than the first quarter (except in leap years) and one more day than the second quarter. Further, salaries and benefits represent the most significant component of operating expenses. Significant portions of our unemployment taxes are recognized during the first quarter, when base wage rates reset for unemployment tax purposes. Quarterly results are also affected by government funding initiatives, acquisitions, the timing of the opening of new facilities, or the commencement of new management contracts and related start-up expenses which may mitigate or exacerbate the impact of other seasonal influences. Because of seasonality factors, and other factors described herein, results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be achieved for the full fiscal year.