ILO report calls for stronger protections and reforms in Pacific labour migration schemes

Suva (ILO News) - Cutting migration costs, allowing workers to change employers more easily, and expanding access to healthcare are among the key recommendations of a new International Labour Organization (ILO) report on Pacific labour migration schemes.

The report, Temporary labour migration schemes in the Pacific through the lens of international human rights and labour standards, examines Australia's Pacific Australia Labour Mobility (PALM) scheme and New Zealand's Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme.

It recognises the substantial contribution that PALM and RSE have made to supporting economic resilience in the Pacific, providing employment opportunities for workers, while addressing labour shortages in destination countries. It also notes the efforts of the governments of Australia and New Zealand to strengthen worker protections through recent policy reforms.

At the same time, the report highlights areas where further progress is needed to ensure that these schemes fully reflect internationally accepted principles of decent work, fair recruitment and non-discrimination, including for women and other groups who may face heightened risks and barriers.

"Temporary labour migration has delivered real gains for Pacific workers, their families and economies across the region, and we welcome steps by Australia and New Zealand to enhance protections for migrant workers," said Martin Wandera, Director of ILO's Country Office for the Pacific.

"Further strengthening these schemes in line with international labour standards will help ensure their long-term success and benefit workers, employers and countries of origin and destination alike," he added.

Migration costs are identified as a major issue. While recruitment fees are prohibited, workers often bear significant expenses related to travel, documentation and other requirements, leaving many in debt at the start of their employment. The report recommends a comprehensive review of these costs and a more equitable sharing of financial responsibilities between employers, workers and government.

Restrictions on changing employers are highlighted as a key risk factor. Limited mobility can reduce workers' bargaining power and increase exposure to poor working conditions. The report recommends introducing accessible processes that allow workers to change employers with minimal administrative burden.

Expanding access to healthcare on an equal basis with nationals as well as - in the case of Australia - simplifying access to superannuation for migrant workers when they leave are encouraged.

The report also calls for a review of the participation of women in the PALM and RSE schemes to strengthen their inclusion and promote the access of other underrepresented groups.

The research and analysis presented in the report form part of ongoing efforts by the International Labour Organization to promote fair and effective labour migration governance, enhance protection for migrant workers, and support sustainable development outcomes for Pacific Island countries and territories as well as destination countries.

The report has been produced under the project "Labour Mobility for Sustainable Development and Climate Resilience in the Pacific" funded by the Migration Multi-Partner Trust Fund (MPTF) in support of the Global Compact on Migration.